Hookworm; Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever; Yellow Fever; Malaria; Syphilis

Front 1

What is a common chronic parasitic infection with a variety of symptoms, usually in proportion to the degree of anemia?

Back 1

Hookworm Disease

Front 2

This infection is confirmed by finding ______ eggs in feces; early stool examinations may be negative until worms mature?

Back 2

Hookworm infection

Front 3

This endemic occurs in tropical and subtropical countries where sanitary disposal of human feces is not practised and soil, moisture and temperature conditions favor development of infective larvae?

Back 3

Hookworm disease

Front 4

The mode of transmission for hookworm disease is eggs in feces that are deposited on the ground and hatch, under favorable conditions of moisture, temperature and soil type; larvae will develop in what stage and become infective in how many days?

Back 4

- Third Stage

- 7 - 10 days

Front 5

What type infection occurs when infective larvae penetrate the skin, usually the foot, in doing so, the produce a characteristic dermatitis known as what?

Back 5

- Human infection of hookworm disease

- Ground itch

Front 6

What infection will have symptoms that develop after a few weeks to many months, depending on intensity of infections and iron intake of the host?

Back 6

Hookworm Disease

Front 7

There are (yes/no) person transmission but infected people can contaminate soil for how long in the absence of treatment?

Back 7

- No

- Several years

Front 8

What disease is characterized by sudden onset of moderate to high fever, which ordinarily persist for 2-3 weeks in untreated cases, significant malaise, deep muscle pain, severe headache and chills.

Back 8

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

Front 9

In regards to Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever, a what type of rash generally appears on the extremities during the what to what day; this soon includes the palms and soles and spreads rapidly to much of the body?

Back 9

- Maculopapular

- 3rd to 5th day

Front 10

The case-fatality rate ranges for Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever is between what percent in the absence of specific treatment?

Back 10

13% - 25%

Front 11

The early stages of this disease may be confused with ehrlichiosis, meningitis, and enteroviral infection.

Back 11

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF)

Front 12

The infectious agent of RMFS is what?

Back 12

Rickettsia Risckettsil

(Rick - ettsia Rick - ettsil)

Front 13

RMSF is seen primarily during what months, with the highest incidence rates seen in what two places of the USA?

Back 13

- April - September

- North Carolina & Oklahoma

Front 14

The incubation period of RMSF is how long?

Back 14

5 to 14 days

Front 15

Treatment of RMSF is what in daily oral or intravenous doses for how many days?

Back 15

- Tetracyclines (Doxycyline)

- 5 - 7 days

Front 16

What is an acute infectious disease of short duration and varying severity characterized by sudden onset, fever, chills, headache, backache, generalized muscle pain, nausea, vomiting, and jaundice?

Back 16

Yellow Fever

Front 17

In Yellow Fever infections this appears early and is most pronounced on the fifth day?

Back 17

Leukopenia

Front 18

The infectious agent of the the virus of Yellow Fever is the what?

Back 18

Flavivirus

Front 19

Yellow fever exist in nature in 2 transmission cycles, a sylvatic or jungle cycle that involves what two types of mosquitoes?

Back 19

Aedes or Haemagogus

Front 20

Yellow fever exist in the urban environment and involves this type of mosquitoe?

Back 20

Aedes Aegypti

Front 21

An outbreak of yellow fever has not occurred in North America in how long?

Back 21

50 Years

Front 22

The incubation period of yellow fever is how long?

Back 22

From 3 to 5 days

Front 23

True or False

Recovery from yellow fever is followed by lasting immunity; second attacks are unknown.

Back 23

True

Front 24

Administer yellow fever to all people how old?

Back 24

9 months or older

Front 25

A single sub-cu injection of a vaccine containing viable attenuated yellow fever 17D strain virus, cultivated in chick embryo is effective for how long?

Back 25

10 Yellow Fever

Front 26

Sylvan and jungle yellow fever, transmitted by what two types of mossquiotes is best controlled by how?

Back 26

Haemagogus & Aedes

Immunization

Front 27

What is a parasitic disease; with a fever pattern of the first few days of infection resembles that in early stages of many other illnesses (bacterial, viral, and parasitic)

Back 27

Malaria

Front 28

What is the most serious malaria infection that includes one or more of the following: fever, chills, sweats, anorexia, nausea, lassitude, headache, muscle and joint pain, cough and diarrhea, anaemia or splenomegaly?

Back 28

Falciparum Malaria

Front 29

This type of malaria infection may persist for life with or without recurrent febrile episodes?

Back 29

P. malariae

Front 30

Several malaria test have been developed the most promising are rapid diagnostic test that detect what in the blood?

Back 30

Plasmodial Antigens

Front 31

The infectious agents of malaria are protozoan parasites with asexual and sexual phases; what are the four types of parasites?

Back 31

PLASMODIUM

- Falciparum

- Vivax

- Ovale

- Malariae

Front 32

Malaria causes over how many deaths per year in the world, most of these are young children in Africa.

Back 32

1 Million

Front 33

What is the mode of transmission for Malaria?

Back 33

Bite of an infective FEMALE ANOPHELES mosquito

Front 34

The period between an infective bite and detection of the parasite in a thick blood smear is called what; which is typically how many days for the P. Falciparum?

Back 34

- Pre-patent Period

- 6 - 12 days

Front 35

How many days between the infective bite and the appearance of clinical symptoms is is approximately how many days for P. Falciparum.

Back 35

- 9 - 14 days

Front 36

In regards to malaria, stored blood can remain infective for at least how long?

Back 36

- Month

Front 37

Members with sickle cell trait (heterozygotes) show relatively low WHAT when infected with P. falciparum, and thus are relatively protected from severe disease?

Back 37

Parasitaemia

Front 38

The most acceptable nets are made of polyester or other synthetic materials; they should have fiber strength of at least what denier and a mesh size of at least what?

Back 38

- 100 denier

- 156 holes/in^2

Front 39

The most important factors that determine the survival of patients with falciparum malaria are what?

Back 39

- Early diagnosis and immediate treatment

Front 40

For suppressive malaria drug therapy for travelers who will be exposed to chloroquine-resistant P. Falciparum infection usually take what?

Back 40

Mefloquine alone (5 mg a week)

Front 41

The flight range of the anopheline mosquitoes ma reach how far, but in most case are only what?

Back 41

- 2 km

- few hundred meters

Front 42

The chancre in syphilis cases are known as what?

Back 42

Primary lesion

Front 43

The primary lesion usually appears about how many weeks after exposure as an indurated, painless ulcer with a serous exudates at the site of initial invasion?

Back 43

3 weeks

Front 44

Invasion of the bloodstream precedes the initial which is a what?

Back 44

Firm, nonfluctuant, painless satellite lymph node (bubo) commonly follows.

Front 45

What involving the palms and soles with associated lymphadenopathy is classic in syphilis?

Back 45

Symmetrical Maculopapular Rash

Front 46

What is the infectious agent of Syphilis?

Back 46

Treponema Pallidum

Front 47

What is the incubation periond for Syphilis?

Back 47

10 days to 3 months

Front 48

What are all sexual contacts during the 3 months preceding onset of symptoms of syphilis?

Back 48

Primary Syphilis

Front 49

What are all sexual contacts during the 6 months preceding onset of symptoms of syphilis?

Back 49

Secondary Syphilis

Front 50

What are all sexual contacts during the 12 months preceding onset of symptoms of syphilis?

Back 50

Early Latent Syphilis

Front 51

All identified sexual contacts of confirmed cases of early syphilis exposed within how many days of examination should receive treatment?

Back 51

90 days

Front 52

What is the treatment for syphilis?

Back 52

PCN G

2.4 million units

Front 53

What is the alternate treatment for syphilis?

Back 53

Doxycycline 100mg or Tetracycline 500mg

Front 54

What is the treatment for neurosyphilis?

Back 54

Aqueous Crystalline

PCN G

Front 55

The first lesions of syphilis nonvenereal endemic are located where?

Back 55

Mucous patches of the mouth

Front 56

What follows the primary lesion of the non-venereal endemic syphilis?

Back 56

Drier lesion of the trunk

Front 57

What is the incubation period for nonvenereal syphilis?

Back 57

2 weeks to 3 months

Front 58

Onset of this illness in adults in nonendemic areas is usually abrupt with fever, malaise, anorexia, nausea, and abdominal discomfort, followed within a fews days by jaundice?

Back 58

Viral Hepatitis A

Front 59

The infectious agent of Hep A is classified as a member of what family?

Back 59

Picornaviridae

Front 60

The mode of transmission for this virus is person-to-person by the fecal-oral route; common source outbreaks have been related to contaminated water, food contaminated by infected food handlers, including raw or unproperely cooked foods?

Back 60

HEP A

Front 61

Incubation of HEP A is how long?

Back 61

1 month

Front 62

Oysters, clams and other shellfish from contaminated areas should be heated to a temperature of what for how long and for how many seconds before eating?

Back 62

- 85 - 95 degrees C

- 4 min

- 90 sec

Front 63

The infectious agent of HEP B is what?

Back 63

Hepadnavirus

Front 64

Effective HEP B vaccines have been available since when?

Back 64

1982

Front 65

The infectious agent of the HEP C virus is what?

Back 65

- Hepacavirus

Flaviviridae family

Front 66

HEP C incubation period ranges from what?

Back 66

2 weeks to 6 months

Front 67

For treatment of chronic HEP C the highest response rates have been achieved with a combination therapy of what?

Back 67

Ribavirin and slow-release interferons