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62 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Inner Eurasia
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Western China, central Asia and the inside ring of the Himalayas
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Outer Eurasia
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Malacca, Persia, India, and East Africa along with the Sub Saharan trade
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Malacca
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the new Ottoman EMpire
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merchants
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traders that brought ideas from place to place, they were responsible for the speed and growth and industrialization of cities
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Mongols
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one of the first nomadic peoples that combined together to form a nation, particularly a continent sized nation
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Temujin
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Ghengis khan, the leader of the Mongol, he broke through the norm adn untied tribes to form a flourishing dynasty. Ghengis literally means ocean to ocean, and he saved his family after the death of his father. Ghengis would later have four sons of his own.
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Keiv
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city known to the russians as the "mother of cities"; it was the commercial center of Russia
; and it was devastated by Mongols in 1240 and until the 14th century the city paid tribute to the Golden Horde |
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Golden Horde
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Mongol state that was comprised of areas mostly in Russia, it was founded by Ghengis Khan's grandson Batu the military leader for the Mongol conquest of Russia
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centralization
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facilitated by Mongols whose conquering of Kiev pushed business in Russia back towards Moscow
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Huns
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ex of turkic tribe from the west that fought with the sassanids and the Muslims in the east and were defeated by the t'ang
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Subodei
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most able general of Ghengis Khan, he fought the Russians in 1223 and 1230
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Nomadic traditions
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all sons recieve share of fathers wealth but the youngest son also receives the 'hearth' or home
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nomads
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hunters and gatherers that travel from place to place
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jochi
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1224 -1255; dies before father Ghengis and is succeeded by his son Batu
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Ogodei
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son of Ghengis who died in 1241 and left his sucession to his son
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Guyuk
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1246-1248 time his was great khanate; son of ghengis
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Tolui
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son of ghengis; his son inherited the great khanate with the approval of his cousin Batu
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Mongke
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ruler of Mongols from 1248-1257
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Khubilai
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ruler of Mongols from 1265-1294
he founded the yuan dynasty after he deposed his younger brother |
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Hulago
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ruled Mongols from 1256-1265 and e became the founder of the il Khan Empire in Iran
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Yuan dynasty
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1271 to 1349, grandson of Ghengis moves capital to Beijing in 1264 and begins to hide away and allows Chinese bureaucrats to rule
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ZHeng He
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merchant, Unigue, Muslim adn was in charge of Chinese ships, he was sailor
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undercutting
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to offer a price lower than the rest of the competition; it was this element that allowed Venice to gain so much power as a trading city
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Venice Italy
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eth first dominating city of the spice trade; located in north eastern italy; holds most power in corporation adn military
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Genoa Italy
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competing against Venice; located in North western Italy
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lisbon Portugual
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teh second city to rise in the spice trade; explored Africa, brazil, adn parts of india and indonesia; it was the great grocer among countries
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Tower of Bellam
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built by King jao II in the lat 15th century as part of the entry in Lisbon defense
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Treaty of the indies
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a monopoly of spices owned primarily by the king
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Jesuits
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roman catholic organization of preist's founded by st ignatius Loyola; represented the Spainards and the Portuguese in exploration
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Doge
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teh chief magistrate of Vnice or Genoa; elected from 400 royl families and servedd as th head of central command economy
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Jao I
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attacked Ceuta in 1415 in order to secure African coastal navigation
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Jao II
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launched many campaigns of exploration in Africa and in India; truely set teh Portuguese in a position of dominance
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Cape of Good hope
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southern tip of africa rounded by portuguese in 15th century
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silk road
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network stretching through the Mongol empire, the middle east and Byzantium and Venice; made the prosperity of the spice trade possible
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treaty of Tordesillas
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divided all newly discovered lands between Spain and Portugual, set by the pope declaring him to have enormous power to set a dividing line down the middle of the known world
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Amerigo Vespucci
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key obsever in eplorations of new world
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Columbian exchange
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exchnage of goods, slave labor, communicable diseases, and ideas between east and western cultures
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chinampas
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flaoting gardens; artificail islands built on bedsof reed; engineered for argriculture
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terracing
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agriculture on a hill, used in andes allows for more room for growing crops
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military empire
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military is responsible for obtaining good, food, labor and sacrifices as part of the tribute system
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reciprocal labor system
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exchange of labor among tribes for goods and services from the city
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manchu pichu
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old mountain or the last city of the incas the terracing wass used here
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augues
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fever, ex of communicable disease that was given to the native Americans from the Europeans
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noble savage
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mythic conception of non Europeans living in simplicity as being almost god like; this didnt last long at all
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potosi
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city in Peru where silver was discovered in 16th and 17th century it helped create the Spanish empires exponential economic growth
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malthusian castastrophe
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18th century theory that population growth would out grow agricultural growth and people would starve until the population level is lowered led to agricultural revolution with new farming methods
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plantation
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a specific kind of economic system based on large scale farming of cash crops beginning in the 17th century and taking off on the 18th century
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botanical gardens
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parks displaying names of a large variety or plants emerged in the 17th century. important for medicine ad education. ex. exploration into the dutch east indies and exploration to Americas brought back new speices of plants
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amsterdam
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antwerp disappears and amsterdam emerges in the netherlands, 16th century religous wars brought a wealth of knowledge to the area and by the 17th century it had become the wealthiest city in the world
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dutch republic
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low countries belonged to the hapsburgs but after 80 years of war an independent republic is formed
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Dutch East India company
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VOC founded in 1602 ended in 1799 created a trade monopoly in the dutch republicit had the power to wage wars, make treaties, make coins, make peace and was thus hugely influential in economic and political matters
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Rotterdam
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a large and important port for the VOC, first to offer stocks
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strong law
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contract signed by merchants that could then be taken into courts
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socail mobility
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ability to change socail status; highly unlikely for a merchant
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little trader
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Ventian trader who has space in society and holds stocks in ships but is not as important as a merchant
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centralized organization
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decision making is in the hand of a higher power such as the king
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Carreira de indes
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an industry that existed in Lisbon under centralized organization
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portuguese ships
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better ships better eficiency AND COULD TRADE MORE GOODS OVER TIME
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spanish ships
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galleons offered protection were deeper than portuguese ships and had cannons
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dutch ships
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not as heavy as galleons not as many cannons becasue they were less worried about protection
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french ships
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were built by the british and closely resembled the dutch ships
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british ships
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were called frigate and sloop they learned how to make ships from the dutch
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