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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Earth is a ___________. describe the evidence for this.
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Earth is a sphere (oblate spheroid). When watching a ship sail off into the horizon the bottom part of the ship disappears before the top part. This is because earths curve is noticeable when objects I'm a distance are below the arc.
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The ship
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explain what causes earths magnetism and the effects it has on earth.
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-earths iron in its core causes the magnetism
-the magnetic field acts as a shield to protect us from dangerously charged particles from the sun and other sources. also, from asteroids and space debris. |
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describe the rotation of earths axis
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The earth is tilted at about 23.5° . The tilt gives us night and day. One rotation is 24 hours.
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describe earths revolution around the sun and the shape of that revolution. draw the shape.
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The shape is an elliptical revolution/ elipse. One revolution is about 365 days= 1 year
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describe the placement of earth to the sun during each of the seasons and the cause for these seasonal changes.
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summer solstice- June 21 or 22, axis pointed towards the sun.
winter solstice- Dec 21, axis pointed away. fall and spring equinox- in between. |
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explain how scientists think the moon formed.
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scientists believed it formed by 2 planets colliding together to format earth. The left over debris from the collision formed the moon.
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describe the features of the moon and how they formed.
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craters- caused by meteorite impacts
maria- large meteorites struck the earth and broke through the surface. lava flowed out the cracks. terrae- normal surface "highlands" undisturbed |
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list the layers of the sun
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chromosphere, convection, corona, radiative zone, photosphere
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photosphere
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visible surface of the sun, emits sunlight
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radiative zone
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surrounding core, where energy moves atom to atom as electromagnetic waves.
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chromosphere
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Thin layer of sun's atmosphere, lies directly above the photosphere and glows red.
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convection
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surrounds the radiative zone where energy moves of flowing cells of gas.
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corona
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outermost layer of the sun that extends millions of kilometers into space.
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describe features of the sun
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sunspots- where loops of the magnetic field break through the surface and disrupt the smooth transfer of heat from lower layers.
solar prominence- plasma loop flowing between sunspots. |
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describe the rotation of the moon in comparison to its revolution around earth.
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The moon orbits because of gravity. 1 orbit=27.3 days. The same side of the moon always faces earth. The moon makes no light, the Suns light reflects off of it.
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describe ways solar energy effects earth
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heats earth, heats it's surface, atmosphere, and oceans
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describe the process that the sun uses to create energy
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nuclear fusion. In the Suns core, hydrogen and helium combine together to create heat which is sent to the other layers.
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describe how earths movement/tilt affects the seasons and cause day and night.
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summer solstice - axis tilted towards the sun
winter solstice - axis tilted away from the sun day- Earth side facing the sun night - Earth side facing away from the sun |
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solar eclipse
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New moon passes between earth and the sun. casts shadow on earth and blocks earths view of the sun
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lunar eclipse
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moves through earths shadow only happens when earth is between the moon and sun. All three lined up in the same plane. moon is completely dark.
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phases of the moon
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full, first quarter, Cresent, gibbious, new
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Full moon
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When earth is between moon and the sun. The moons near side is entirely lit.
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First quarter
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1 week after the full moon the moon appears as 1/2 circle. only half the moons surface is visible from earth.
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New moon
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The moon moves between earth and the sun. The side of the moon is completely dark.
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Cresent moon
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less than half lit
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gibbious moon
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moon is more than half lit
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