Honors English I Basic Poetry Terms

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Poetry

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A type of literature that expresses ideas, feelings, or tells a story in a specific form (usually using lines and stanzas)

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Poetry Form

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Apearance of the words on the page

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Line

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Group of words together in a poem

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Stanza

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Group of lines arranged together

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Couplet

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2 line stanza

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Triplet (Tercet)

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3 line stanza

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Quatrain

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4 line stanza

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Sestet (Sextet)

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6 line stanza

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Septet

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7 line stanza

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Octave

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8 line stanza

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Rhythm

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Beat created by the sounds of the words in a poem. Can be created by meter, alliteration, and refrain

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Meter

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Pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables

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Foot

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Unit of meter (2 or 3 syllables)

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Iambic Foot

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Unstressed, stressed

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Trochaic Foot

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Stressed, unstressed

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Anapestic Foot

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Unstressed, unstressed, stressed

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Dactylic Foot

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Stressed, unstressed, unstressed

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Monometer Line

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1 foot in a line

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Dimeter Line

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2 feet in a line

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Trimeter

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3 feet in a line

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Tetrameter Line

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4 feet per line

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Pentrameter

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5 feet per line

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Hexameter

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6 feet per line

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Heptameter

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7 feet per line

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Octometer

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8 feet per line

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Free Verse

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No meter, does not rhyme, very conversational

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Blank Verse

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Written in lines of iambic pentameter, but does not use end rhyme.

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End Rhyme

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Word at end of one line rhymes with a word at the end of another line.

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Internal Rhyme

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Word inside a line rhymes with another word on the same line

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Onomatopoeia

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Words that imitate sounds

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Alliteration

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consonant sounds repeated at beginnings of words

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Consonance

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Similar to alliteration except repeated consonant sounds can be anywhere in the words

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Assonance

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Repeated vowel sounds

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Refrain

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A sound, word, phrase, or line repeated regularly in a poem

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Lyric

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Short poem written in first person and does not tell a story

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Haiku

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Japanese poem written in 3 lines- 5 syllables, 7, 5

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Cinquain

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A 5 line poem with 22 syllables

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Shakespearean Sonnet

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4 line poem with a specific rhyme scheme. 3 quatrains then ends in a couplet

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Narrative Poem

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Poem that tells a story

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Concrete Poem

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Words arranged to create a picture that relates to the contnt of the poem

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Simile

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Comparison of two things using like, as, then, or resembles.

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Metaphor

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A direct comparison of 2 unlike things

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Extended Metaphor

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A metaphor that continues several lines or through the entire work.

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Implied Metaphor

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Comparison is hinted at but not clearly stated

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Hyperbole

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Exaggeration used for emphasis.

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Litotes

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Opposite of hyperbole. Often irony

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Idiom

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Literal meaning of words not meaning of expression. It means something other than what it actually says

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Personification

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Animal given human qualities or an object given life like qualities.

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Symbolism

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When something that has meaning in itself also represents something else

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Allusion

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Reference to something famous

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Imagery

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Language which appeals to the senses

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Parody

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Work that imitates characteristic style of an author or work for comic affect or ridicule