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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is a building block for carbohydrates? |
Monosaccharides |
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Name three functions of carbohydrates. |
1. Supply energy to plants 2. Supply energy to animals 3. Structure for plants |
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Name three variations of a carbohydrate. |
1. Monosaccharide 2. Disaccharide 3.Polysaccharide |
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What are the three main elements present in a carbohydrate? |
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen |
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Name the two main building blocks of a lipid |
-fatty acids -glycerol |
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Name three functions of a lipid |
1. Insolation 2. Long-term energy 3. Protective coating |
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Name two variations of a lipid |
-saturated -unsaturated |
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What is the main building block for a protein? |
Amino acids |
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Name 3 functions of a protein |
1. Animal structure 2.Catobolic and Anabolic reactions 3. Regulatory |
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There are _________ variations of proteins. |
Infinant |
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Monosaccharide has ______ sugar(s) |
One |
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In a carbohydrate, the ratio of hydrogen to carbon is |
2:1 |
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Carbohydrates always have an "_____" at the end |
"-ose"
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Disaccharides have _____ sugar(s) |
Two |
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1-4 Linkage |
The bond between two monosaccharaides that forms a disaccharide. The bond is between am OH atom and an H atom, forming H2O, and resulting in condensation. |
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Why can't humans eat grass/ a tree? |
Enzymes in our stomachs can only digest the "alpha" form of 1-4 linkage, not the beta form (grass,flowers)
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A polysaccharide has ________ sugar(s) |
Three or more |
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____________ and _____________ use 1-4 linkage |
Disaccharides and Polysaccharides |
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What is the difference between anabolic and catabolic? |
-Anabolic: builds up through reaction -Catabolic: tears down through reaction |
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What is the difference between a monomer and a polymer? |
-Monomer: each individual carbon -Polymer: the whole thing (polysaccharide and disaccharide) |
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Typical "Fat Equation" |
glycerol (backbone) + fatty acids (3) = fat |
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Hydrophilie |
water loving |
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Hydrophobic |
water hating |
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proteins contain there four elements |
carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen |
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There are _______ common amino acids |
20 |
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Name the four groups in an amino acid |
-carboxyl -amine -"rest" -central carbon |
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What does the carboxyl group do for an amino acid? |
make it an organic acid |
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The amine group is always ___ ____ in an amino acid. |
the same |
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The ____ group is where amino acids differ |
rest |
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Peptide/ polypeptide |
chains of amino acids |
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Amino acids are kept together by _______ bond |
peptide |
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How are there infinent varieties of protein? |
-20 amino acids -different #s of amino acids -different sequences of amino acids -different 3D shapes
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Levels of protein organization |
1. Primary Structure: Linear array of amino acids 2. Secondary Structures: based off first structure, determines curly/straight hair, hair color, muscle and folds back on itself 3.Tertiary Structure: interactions of R groups and globular protein. 4. Quaternary Structure: multiple peptides |
