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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Organic Compounds |
Compounds made of carbon and other elements |
A carbohydrate is an example of an ____ ____ |
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Macromolecules |
A large, complex molecule |
A ____ has a large number of atoms in it. |
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Carbohydrates |
An organic compound made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. The hydrogen and oxygen atoms have a 2:1 ratio. |
Polysaccharides are a complex ____ |
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Monosaccharides |
A simple sugar with 3-7 carbon atoms |
____ is the simplest form of sugar. |
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Disaccharides |
A double sugar made of two chemically bonded simple sugars |
____ is made of two monosaccharides. |
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Polysaccharides |
A complex carbohydrate made up of many simple sugars that are chemically bonded in a chain |
____ are made up of many simple sugars. |
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Lipids |
A fat, oil, wax, or fat-like compound |
Butter is an example of a ____. |
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Fatty acids & glycerol |
These are bonded together to make fats, which are large molecules |
Multiple ____ are bonded with ____ to make fats (large molecules). |
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Saturated and Unsaturated fats |
Saturated fats are solid at room temperature and unsaturated fats are liquid at room temperature because saturated fats have no double bond between molecules. |
____ ____ are fat molecules that have no double bonds between carbon molecules because they are saturated with hydrogen molecules. |
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Proteins |
An organic compound made of one or more long chains of amino acids |
____ build muscle. |
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Amino acids |
An organic compound with a central carbon atom that has a hydrogen atom, an amino group, and an acid group attached to it |
Serine is an example of an ____ ____. |
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Peptide bond |
A covalent chemical bond formed between two amino acids |
A ____ ____ holds together the polypeptide chains of amino acids. |
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Polypeptide |
A long chain of chemically bonded amino acids |
____ are connected with peptide bonds. |
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Primary, secondary, tertiary, & quaternary structures |
The different levels of protein structure |
The four levels of protein structure are ____, ____, ____, and ____. |
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Enzymes |
A protein molecule made by an organism and used as a catalyst |
____ can only be used as catalysts in specific biochemical reactions. |
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Nucleic Acids |
A substance made of nucleotides that encodes instructions for cell processes |
This word includes DNA and RNA ____ is made from monomers known as nucleotides. |
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Nucleotides |
A subunit of DNA or RNA made of 5-carbon sugar, a nitrogen containing base, and a phosphate group |
____ is the building block of nucleic acid. |
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DNA |
The hereditary material of most organisms |
____ is a double helix |
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Deoxyribose |
The sugar component of DNA |
____ comes from ribose by replacing a hydroxyl group with hydrogen. |
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Double helix |
A pair of helices intertwined on a common axis |
The structure of DNA is a ____ ____ |
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Nitrogen bases |
A molecule that contains nitrogen that has the same chemical properties as a base |
____ ____ make up the building blocks of DNA and RNA. |
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RNA |
A nucleic acid in all living things that is similar to DNA but contains sugar ribose rather than deoxyribose and uracil rather than thymine |
____ and DNA are nucleic acids. |
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Ribose |
A sugar in the pentose class |
____ does not replace hydroxyl group with hydrogen like deoxyribose. |
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Single helix |
A molecule containing genetic information but is only made of one helix, unlike DNA which is made of two helices. |
The structure of RNA is a ____ ____ |
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Gene |
The physical unit of heredity that sends specifications from one generation to the next |
Because of my family's ____, I am tall. |
