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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
Cytoplasm |
The contents of the inside a cell |
1. surrounded by a wall of carbohydrates, proteins and phospholipids 2.in a single celled bacterium |
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Phospholipids |
Form around a cell and create Phospholipid Bilayers |
1. _____ is a wall surrounding cytoplasm 2. has a head and tail |
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Phospholipid Bilayer |
facing outwards are polar heads and facing inwards are non polar tails |
1.surrounds cell 2. provides a structure |
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Polar |
Does not have equally shared electrons |
1. _____ and non polar do not mix 2. Faces out on a phospholipid bilayer |
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Nonpolar |
Contains equally shared electrons |
1. _____ and polar do not mix 2. Faces in on a phospholipid bilayer |
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Transport Proteins |
Across the entire bilayer which allows big ions and big polar molecules through |
1. Receptor proteins and lipids 2. embedded in the membrane |
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Selective Permeability |
Allows some substances through but not others |
1. Cell membrane 2. Small molecules can only enter |
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Glycoproteins |
Proteins that are deeply in the membrane and have many sugars attached to them |
1. receives chemical messages for other cells 2. outer part of a cell |
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Glycolipids |
Membrane lipids that have sugars attached to the heads |
1. receives chemical messages for other cells 2. sugar attached to a glycoprotein is a ________ |
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Fluid Mosaic Model |
The structure of the cell membrane that is very flexible |
1. membrane structure 2. this structure is very______ |
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Diffusion |
how a substance moves when it is down concentration gradient , going from a more to less concentrated area |
1.Movement of molecules 2. How smells can travel in a room for example |
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Concentration Gradient |
A substance's concentration differences that ranges over an area |
1. Partical movement 2. stores potential energy |
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Osmosis |
How water moves through a semi-permeable membrane, the water with a lower concentration gradient |
1. movement of water 2. Form of diffusion |
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Turgor |
the swelling of a cell against its own cell wall the cause is the pressure of the cells contents |
1. plant, fungi and bacteria cells have a rigid membrane prevent this 2. Concentration differences can cause this |
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Isotonic |
An equal amount of water inside and outside of the cell |
1. water moves in and out of the cell equally 2. Combination of Hypertonic and Hypotonic |
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Hypotonic |
When there is more water outside of the cell then inside |
1. could cause the cell to burst 2. water moves in to the cell |
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Hypertonic |
When the is more water inside a cell than outside |
1.water diffuses out of the cell 2. the cell could shrivel up after losing the water |
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Passive Transport |
a substance diffused through a membrane
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1. No energy required 2. Opposite of active transport |
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Active Transport |
Puts substances contrary with their concentration gradients |
1. requires energy 2. the opposite of Passive transport |
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Facilitated Diffusion |
In the membrane,molecules reduce their concentration gradients by using transport proteins |
1. A transport system 2. No energy is required |
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Endocytosis |
When the plasma membrane intakes the materials out side a cell |
1. used by amoebas or simple multicellular organisms 2. Process of getting food |
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Exocytosis |
When the vesicles fuse with the cell membrane which releases the macromolecule from the cell |
1. Waste removal 2. Moves cells in to the external environment |