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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Reactant
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a substance or molecule that participates in a chemical reaction
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Product
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a substance that forms in a chemical reaction
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pH
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a range of values that are used to express the acidity or alkalinity of a system; potential Hydrogen
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Ion
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an atom, radical, or molecule that has gained or lost one or more electrons and has a negative or positive charge
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Isotope
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an atom that has the same number of protons as other atoms of the same element do but that has a different number of neutrons
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Active site
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the site on an enzyme that attaches to a substrate
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Compound
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a substance made up of atoms of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds
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Redox Reaction
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a reaction in which electrons are transferred between atoms; also known as an oxidation-reduction reaction
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Oxidation
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a reactant loses one or more elections such that the reactant becomes more positive in charge
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Reduction
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electrons are gained, either by the removal of oxygen, the addition of hydrogen, or the additon of electrons
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Activation Energy
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the minimum amount of energy required to start a chemical reaction.
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Hydrolysis
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a chemical reaction between water and another substace to form two or more new substances; a reaction between water and a salt to create an acid or base
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Condensation Reaction
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H from one monomer and OH from one monomer
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Buffer
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a solution made from a weak acid and its conjugate base that neutralixes small amounts of acids or bases added to it
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Nucleotide
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in a nucleic-acid chain, a subunit that consists of a sugar, a phosphate, and a nitrogenous base.
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