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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Who observes cork & "coins" ; the term "cell"? |
Robert Hooke |
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Who improved the microscope and saw the first living cell in 1674? |
Anton Van Leeuwenhoek |
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Who discovered plants were made of cells? |
Schleiden |
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Who discovered animals were made of cells? |
Schwann |
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Who discovered cells come from other cells? |
Virchow |
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What is: -All living things made of cells. -Cells are the basic unit of life. -All existing cells are produced by other living cells. |
Cell Theory |
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When was the microscope invented? |
late 1500's |
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When was Robert Hooke? |
Mid 1600's |
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When was Anton Van Leeuwenhoek? |
late 1600's |
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When was Schleiden, Schwann, & Virchow? |
Mid 1800's |
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When was Lynn Margulis? |
1970 |
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What are five things that a compound microscope has? |
-1000x -layers of glass bend light -visible light -resolution = high magnifications -thin specimens |
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What are four things a electron microscope has? |
-uses electrons -uses electromagnetic lens = no glass -can be 3D -up to 50 million x |
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What are characteristics of a prokaryote? |
-primitive -no nucleus -no membrane bound organelles -only bacteria |
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What are characteristics of a eukaryote? |
-more advanced -nucleus -specialized organelles -all organisms except bacteria |
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What is TEM? |
Transmission Electron Microscope |
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What is SEM? |
Scanning Electron Microscope |
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What did Lynn Margolis disprove? |
Endosymbiosis- bacteria moved into cells |
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What are two things that organelles have or do? |
-Specialized functions -Act as containers |
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What does the nucleus do and what is it considered? |
-Control Center -Produces Proteins |
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What makes up the cell nucleus? |
-nucleolus -chromosomes -nuclear envelope - nuclear pores -chromatin |
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What does a cell have to do before it can divide to make a new cell? |
copy its DNA |
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What is the shape of the endoplasmic reticulum? |
-folded shape that extends in through the cytoplasm to the nuclear membrane |
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What are the 2 types of ER and what do they do? |
-rough- has ribosomes; transports protein -smooth- lacks ribosomes; detoxificationof poison & lipid synthesis |
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What are ribosomes? |
-dot-like structure produced in the nucleus
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What does the Golgi apparatus do? |
-packages material to export from cell (Exocitosis) - modifies lipids and protein
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What does the mitochondria do? |
-power plant -energy producer -produces ATP via aerobic respiration -Endosymbotic Theory |
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What do microtubes do?
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-provide cell structure (cytoskeleton) -tracks transporting organelles and vesicles -pulls apart chromosomes during division
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What motions do cillia and flagella move? |
-cillia- straight line; move in unison -flagella- circular motion |
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What are vesicles? |
-sac surrounded by single membrane -endocytotic & exocytotic |
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What is endo- & exocytotic? |
-Endo- brings in contents from cell -Exo- takes materials out of cell
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What is the cell membrane? |
- Semi-permeable membrane that lets some things in and prevents materials from leaving
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What kind of models do cell conform to? |
fluid mosaic models |
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What are centrioles? |
- found in eukaryotic cells -pairs -microtubes -assist in cell division |
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What does the nucleus contain? |
-DNA & RNA |
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What is the nuclues' shape? |
large, roundish organelle |
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What do ribosomes do? |
-build protein: -free floating & attached to the ER |
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What is the Golgi Apparatus shaped like? |
Stacks of sacs and vesicles that were pinched off from the edges |
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What does the mitochondria have? |
-double membrane -own DNA & replication |
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What are microtubes and 2 examples? |
-tubes made from proteins within eukaryotic cells -Cillia & Flagella |
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What does the cell membrane do? |
-Limited structure -lipid bilayer |
