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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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diffusion
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movement of particles from an area where their concentration is high to an area where their concentration is low
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osmosis
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the difussion of water accross a cell membrane
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passive transport
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the difussion of particles through proteins in the cell membrane from areas where the cell membrane from area of high concentration to low
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active transport
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the movement of particles through proteins in the cell membrane against the direction of diffusion; requires cells to use energy
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exocytosis
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the process use to remove large particles from a cell; during excytosis, a vesicle containing the particles fuses iwth the cell membrane
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endocytosis
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the process in which a cell membrane surrounds a particle and encloses it in a vesicle to bring it into the cell
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phtosynthesis
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the process by which plants capture light energy from the sun and convert it into sugar
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cellular respiration
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the process of producing ATP in the cell from oxygen and glucose; releases carbon dioxide and water
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fermentation
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the breakdown of sugars to make ATP in the absence of oxygen
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chromosomes
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a coiled structure of DNA and protein that forms int eh cell nucleus during cell division
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binary fission
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the simple cell division in which one cell splits into two; used by bacteria
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homologous chromosomes
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chromosomes with matching information
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chromatids
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identical chromosome copies
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centromere
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the region the holds chromatids together when a chromosome is duplicated
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mitosis
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nuclear division of eukaryotic cells in which each cell receives a copy of the original chrosomes
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cytokinesis
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process in which cytoplasm divides after mitosis
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cell cycle
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the life of a cell in eukarcites it consists of chromosome duplication, mitosis, and cytokinesis
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