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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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SOLUTION
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A HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURE OF THE TWO OR MORE SUBSTANCES UNIFORMLY DISPERSED THROUGOUT A SINGLE
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SUSPENSION
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A MIXTURE IN WHICH PARTICLES OF A MATERIAL ARE MORE OR LESS EVENLY DISPERSED THROUGOUT A LIQUID OR GAS
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SOLVENT
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IN A SOLUTION, THE SUBSTANCE IN WHICH THE SOLUTE IS DISSOLVED
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SOLUTE
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IN A SOLUTION, THE SUBSTANCE THAT IS DISSOLVED IN THE SOLVENT
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COLLOID
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A MIXTURE CONSISTING OF TINY PARTICLES THAT ARE INTERMEDIATE IN SIZE BETWEEN THOSE IN SOLUTIONS AND THOSE IN SUSPENSIONS AND THAT ARE SUSPENDED IN A LIQUID, SOLID, OR GAS
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CONCENTRATION
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THE AMOUNT OF A PARTICULAR SUBSTANCE IN A GIVEN QUANTITY OF A SOLUTION
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MOLARITY
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A CONCENTRATION UNIT OF A SOLUTION EXPRESSED AS MOLES OF SOLUTE DISSOLVED PER LITER OF SOLUTION
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SOLUBILITY
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THE ABILITY OF ONE SUBSTANCE TO DISSOLVE INTO ANOTHER AT A GIVEN TEMPERATURE AND PRESSURE
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MISCIBLE
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DESCRIBES TWO OR MORE LIQUIDS THAT ARE ABLE TO DISSOLVE INTO EACH OTHER IN VARIOUS PROPORTIONS
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IMMISCIBLE
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DESCRIBES TWO OR MORE LIQUIDS THAT ARE NOT ABLE TO DISSOLVE INTO EACH OTHER
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DISSOCIATION
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THE SEPARATING OF A MOLECULE INTO SIMPLER MOLECULES, ATOMS, RADICALS, OR IONS
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HYDRATION
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THE STRONG AFFINITY OF WATER MOLECULES FOR PARTICLES OF DISSOLVED OR SUSPENDED SUBSTANCES THAT CAUSE ELECTROLYTIC DISSOCIATION
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SATURATED SOLUTION
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A SOLUTION THAT CANNOT DISSOLVE ANY MORE SOLUTE UNDER THE GIVE CONDITIONS
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UNSATURATED SOLUTION
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A SOLUTION THAT CONTAINS LESS SOLUTE THAN A SATURATED SOLUTION AND THAT IS ABLE TO DISSOLVE ADDITIONAL SOLUTION
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SUPERSATURATED SOLUTION
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A SOLUTION HOLDING MORE DISSOLVED SOLUTE THAN WHAT IS REQUIRED TO REACH EQUALIBRIUM AT A GIVEN TEMPERATURE
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SOLUBILITY EQUALIBRIUM
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THE PHYSICAL STATE IN WHICH THE OPPOSING PROCESSES OF DISSOLUTION AND CRYSTALLIZATION OF A SOLUTE OCCURE AT EQUAL RATES
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HENRY'S LAW
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THE LAS THAT STATES THAT AT CONSTANT TEMPERATURE, THE SOLUBILITY OF A GAS IN A LIQUID IS DIRECTLY PROPORTIONAL TO THE PARTIAL PRESSURE OF THE GAS ON THE SURFACE OF THE LIQUID
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CONDUCTIVITY
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THE ABILITY TO CONDUCT AN ELECTRIC CURRENT
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ELECTROLYTE
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A SUBSTANCE THAT DISSOLVES IN WATER TO GIVE A SOLUTION THAT CONDUCTS AN ELECTRIC CURRENT
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NON-ELECTROLYTE
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A LIQUID OR SOLID SUBSTANCE THAT DOES NOT ALLOW THE FLOW OF AN ELECTRIC CURRENT, EITHER IN SOLUTION OR IN ITS PURE STATE, SUCH AS WATER OR SUCROSE
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HYDRONIUM ION
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AN ION CONSISTING OF A PROTON COMBINED WITH A MOLECULE OF WATER, H30+
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COLLIGATIVE PROPERTY
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A PROPERTY OF A SUBSTANCE OF SYSTEM THAT IS DETERMINED BY THE NUMBER OF PARTICLES PRESENT IN THE SYSTEM BUT INDEPENDENT OF THE PROPERTIES OF THE PARTICLES THEMSELVES
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SURFACTANT
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A COMPOUND THAT CONCENTRATES AT THE BOUNDARY SURFACE BETWEEN TWO IMMISCIBLE PHASES, SOLID-LIQUID, LIQUID-LIQUID, OR LIQUID-GAS
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DETERGENT
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A WATER SOLUBLE CLEANER THAT CAN EMULSIFY DIRT AND OIL
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SOAP
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A SUBSTANCE THAT IS USED AS A CLEANER AND DISSOLVES IN WATER
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EMULSION
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ANY MIXTURE OF TWO OF MORE IMMISCIBLE LIQUIDS IN WHICH ONE LIQUID IS DISPERSED IN THE OTHER
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COEFFICIENT
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a small whole number that appears as a factor in front of a formula in a chemical equation
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FREE ENERGY
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also called GIBBS ENERGY-
G = H - TS the energy in a system that is available for work |
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LIMITING REACTANT
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in a reaction, the reactant that runs out first
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ENTHALPY
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the sum of the internal energy of a system plus the product of the systems volume multiplied by the pressure that the system exerts on the surroundings
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EXOTHERMIC
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describes a process in which a system releases heat into the environment
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ENTROPY
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a measure of randomness and disorder of a system
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ENDOTHERMIC
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describes a process in which heat is absorbed from the environment
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CALORIMETER
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a device used to measure the heat absorbed or released in a chemical or physical change
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SPECIFIC HEAT
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the quantity of heat required to raise a unit mass of homogeneous material one K or one degree celcius in a specific way given constant pressure or volume
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PRESSURE
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the amount of force per unit area of a surface
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ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE
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pressure in the atmosphere measured by a barometer
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TEMPERATURE
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a measure of how hot (or cold) something is - a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in the object
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BAROMETER
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instrument used to measure atmospheric pressure
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ABSOLUTE ZERO
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0 calvin
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STANDARD PRESSURE
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1
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