Holes Essentials Of Anatomy Chapter 7 Messer

Front 1

synovectomy

Back 1

surgical removal of the synovial membrane of a joint

Front 2

osteotomy

Back 2

cutting a bone

Front 3

osteopathology

Back 3

study of bone diseases

Front 4

osteonecrosis

Back 4

death of bone tissue

Front 5

osteomyletis

Back 5

bone inflammation caused by a bacterial or fungal infection

Front 6

osteomalacia

Back 6

softening of a bone caused by a disorder in calcium and phosphorus metqabolism or vit. D deficiency

Front 7

osteoma

Back 7

tumor composed of bone tissue

Front 8

osteogenesis imperfecta

Back 8

inherited condition of deformed and abnormally brittle bones

Front 9

ostogenesis

Back 9

bone development

Front 10

osteochondritis

Back 10

inflammation of bone and caritlage tissue

Front 11

osteitis

Back 11

inflammation of bone tissue

Front 12

ostectomy

Back 12

surgical removal of a bone

Front 13

ostealgia

Back 13

pain in a bone

Front 14

orthopedics

Back 14

medical speciality that prevents, diagnoses and treats diseases and abnormalities of the bone

Front 15

lumbago

Back 15

dull ache in the lumbar region fo the back

Front 16

laminectomy

Back 16

removal of the posterior arch of a vertebrae to relieve the symptoms of a ruptured disc

Front 17

hemarthroris

Back 17

blood in a joint cavity

Front 18

epiphysiolysis

Back 18

separation of the epiphysis from the diaphysis of a bone

Front 19

Colles fracture

Back 19

fracture a the distal end of the radius that displaces the smaller fragment posteriorly

Front 20

arthroplasty

Back 20

surgery to make ajoint more moveable

Front 21

arthrodesis

Back 21

surgery to fuse the bones at a joint

Front 22

arthrocentesis

Back 22

puncture of and removal of fluid froma joitn cavity

Front 23

arthralgia

Back 23

pain in a joint

Front 24

ankylosis

Back 24

abnormal stiffness in a joint often related to rheumatoid arthritis

Front 25

acromegaly

Back 25

abnormal enlargment of th facial features, hands and feet in adults as a result of overprodcution of growth hormone

Front 26

depression

Back 26

lowering a part

Front 27

elevation

Back 27

raising a part

Front 28

protraction

Back 28

moving a part forward

Front 29

retraction

Back 29

moving a part backwards

Front 30

inversion

Back 30

turning hte foot so that the plantar surfaces faces medially

Front 31

eversion

Back 31

turning the foot so that the plantar surface faces laterally

Front 32

supination

Back 32

turning the hand so that the plam is facing upward OR the palm is facing anteriorly while standing in anaotmical position

Front 33

pronation

Back 33

turning the hand so that the palm is facing downward OR facing posteriorly while standing in anatomical position

Front 34

circumduction

Back 34

moving a part so that its end follows a cirucalr path

Front 35

rotation

Back 35

moving a part around its axis

Front 36

adduction

Back 36

moving a part towards the midline

Front 37

abduction

Back 37

moving a part away from the midline

Front 38

hyperextenison

Back 38

extension of the parts of a joint beyond the the anatomical psotion resulting in injury

Front 39

plantar flexion

Back 39

movement of theankle that brings the foot closer to the chin

Front 40

dorsiflexion

Back 40

movement of the ankle that brings the foot closer to the shin

Front 41

extension

Back 41

straightening of a joint so tht the angle betweent he two parts increases

Front 42

flexion

Back 42

bedning the body parts so that the angle between the two parts decreases

Front 43

osteoblasts

Back 43

bone forming cells that build bone throughout adult life- they take excesses of calcium and phosphorus and vit. D and make bone matrix thus reducing blood levels of calcium, vit. D and phosphorus back into a normal homeostatic range.

Front 44

osteoclasts

Back 44

large multinuclated cells that break down the calcified matirx of bone matrix when the calcium , vit. D and phosphorus levels decreases- thus releasing those components into the blood thus raising blood levels of calcium, vit. D and phosphours back to the normal homeostatic ranges when dietary levels are too low.

Front 45

epiphyseal plate( disc)-

Back 45

a band of cartilage cells from betweent the ephyphysis and the diaphysis that undergoes mitosis and lengthens the bone

Front 46

osteocytes

Back 46

bone cells

Front 47

endochondral bones

Back 47

bones of the fetus that form from masses of hyaline cartilage

Front 48

intramembraneous bones

Back 48

membraneous layers of caritalge form into flat bone sof the skull in embryonic development

Front 49

marrow

Back 49

a specialized type of connective tissue in the center of bones that is highly vascualr and makes or produces blood cells

Front 50

medullary cavity

Back 50

a hollow chamber found in long bones that contains bone marrow

Front 51

Long bones

Back 51

examples are the femur and the radius and ulna

Front 52

flat bones

Back 52

examples are the skull bones, ribs, sternum and ilium

Front 53

irregular bones

Back 53

examples are vertebrae

Front 54

short bones

Back 54

bones of the wrist and ankles ( they look cubodial)

Front 55

sesamoid bones

Back 55

examples are the kneecap

Front 56

epiphysis

Back 56

expanded ends of the bone

Front 57

articular cartilage

Back 57

articulating cartilage covers the ends of the bone that protects and cushions the bones at the joint

Front 58

diaphysis

Back 58

the shaft of a bone

Front 59

periosteum

Back 59

a tough vascular covering of fibrous membraneous tisseu that covers the outside of a bone; it helps protect, nourish and repair the bone if damaged

Front 60

compact bone

Back 60

tough type of bone tissue that makes up the outer wall of the diaphysis and has a continous extracellullr matrix with no spaces- making it strong

Front 61

spongy bone

Back 61

a type of cancellous bone tissue that makes up the ends of the bone a the epiphysis that are made of branching honeycomb shaped projections called trabeculae.. and it helps reduc the weight of the bone in these areas.