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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Cognition
Definition: all the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating Ex: Studying for a test and remembering everything |
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Prototype
Definition:a mental image or best example of a category. Ex: When comparing red feathers to a specific bird,the guacamaya. |
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Heuristic
Definition: A thinking strategy that helps us to make judgments and solve problems efficiently Ex: When you drive,over time you learn that when you come to a stop sign, you need to come to a complete stop. |
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Confirmation bias
Definition: the tendency of people to show information that confirms their beliefs or hypotheses Ex: A reporter who is writing an article may only interview people that support her or his views on the issue. |
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Intuition
Definition: knowledge without inference and/or the use of reason Ex: a coach might play a pro player instead of a start player just because they had a intuition the second string player would do well. |
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Overconfidence
Definition: The tendency to be more confident than correct Ex:When someone is doing something you may say " that looks easy i can do that" |
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Framing
Definition: the way an issue presented or posed Example: people will have a different reaction to an idea if it is given a positive spin than they would if it was given a negative spin. |
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Phoneme
Definition:in a spoken language, the smallest distinctive sound unit example: Cat and Cut different words because they have 2 different phonemes. |
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Grammar
Definition:a system of rules that enables us to communicate with and understand others Ex: Words |
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One-word stage
Definition:stage in speech development, from age 1 to 2, during which a child speaks mostly in single words. Example: they cant say "I want milk" so they say "milk" |
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Telegraphic speech
Definition: early speech stage in which a child speaks using mostly nouns and verbs and omitting 'auxiliary' words Example:--'go car'-- |
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Broca’s area
Definition:controls language expression,that directs the muscle movements involved in speech Example: is you get Broca's area damaged,it will be very hard to make language expressions. |
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Linguistic determinism
Definition:Whorf's hypothesis that language determines the way we think Example: no example for this one |
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concept
Definition:a mental grouping of similar objects, events, ideas, or people Ex:if i say: "think of a car," the concept, "car" will evoke some ideas in your head about what a car is and what types of characteristics it contains |
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algorithm
Definition: a methodical procedure that guarantees solving a particular problem Example: You Have a head ache,did you already eat?if you havn't go eat now etc etc. |
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insight
Definitiona sudden realization of the solution to a problem Ex: |
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mental set
Definition: Tendency to approach a problem in a way that has been successful in the past. Ex:a child may enter a store by pushing a door open. Every time they come to a door after that, the child pushes the door expecting it to open even though many doors only open by pulling. |
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availability heuristic
Definition: efers to how easily something that you've seen or heard can be accessed in your memory. Ex:A company makes a slogan or logo and shows it to you over and over again, until that company comes to your mind easily. |
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belief perseverance
Def: people who don't admit that their ideas are incorrect even when shown convincing evidence to the contrary Ex:I think baleadas contain gluten,they show me lots of articles were it says they don't but i still think they do. |
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Language
Def: spoken, written, or signed words and the ways we combine them to communicate meaning Example: Hello,Dog,Bye |
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morpheme
Def: in a language, the smallest unit that carries meaning; may be a word or a part of a word. Ex: Unladylike. The word unladylike consists of three morphemes and four syllables. |
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babbling stage
Def: b stage of speech development at about 4 months in which the infant utters sounds at first unrelated to the household language Example: ma-ma,ta-ta,pe-pe |
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two-word stage
definition: the stage in speech development in age 2 during which a child speaks mostly two-word statements. Example: Hi mommy |
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aphasia
Definition: impairment of language caused if the left hemisphere is damaged Ex: My friend hit his head and damadged his left hemisphere and he was diagnosed with aphasia. |
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Wernicke’s area
Definition: area controls language involved in comprehension and expression;usually in the left temporal lobe Example: |
