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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Systolic blood pressures necessary for palpation of pulses at various sites?
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Radial: 80 mmHg
Femoral: 70 mmHg Carotid: 60 mmHg |
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Pericardial tamponade sign?
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Beck's traid.
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Treatment of neurogenic shock?
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First: fluid resuscitation.
Then: vasoactive medication. |
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Stages of trauma death?
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Immediate: trauma at the scene.
Early: ICP, hemorrhage, lacs, etc. Late: organ failure, sepsis, etc. |
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The golden hour?
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For the severely injured patient, decent survival during the first hour. Three fold increase in mortality for EVERY 30 minutes after the golden hour.
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Stages of hypovolemia?
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Class I: Loss of <15% volume, without changes in physical or vitals, tx: crystalloids.
Class II: Loss of 15-30% volume, tacchy with normal vitals BP, tx: crystalloids. Class III: Loss of 30-40% volume, tacchy with hypotension, tx: crystalloids + blood. Class IV: Loss of >40% volume, appear about to die, tx: pushed blood. |
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Blood measurements to monitor during blood transfusions?
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Calcium, PT/INR, PTT, platelets.
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Revised Trauma Score (RTS):
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Correlated with the survival odds, therefore used to decide whom is sent to a Trauma Center:
RTS = RR score + SBP score + GCS |
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Injury Severity Score (ISS):
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Several steps:
1. EACH injury is grades 1-6 on severity (1-6). 2. EACH injury is assigned to its region of the body (1-6). ISS = sum of the squares of the three worst regional values. |
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DVTs in the trauma patient:
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Up to 85% DTV rate in the multi-trauma patient.
LMW heparin or coumadin works well, but contraindicated in those at risk for hemorrhage, including TBI. |
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How to diagnose a positive peritoneal lavage?
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1. Gross blood, bile, fecal material
2. >100,000 RBC / mL 3. >500 WBC / mL |
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What to do with suspected GI injury?
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1. Retrograde urethrogram prior to any foley placement.
2. If hematuria is present, consider a voiding urethrogram, cystogram, and IV pyelogram. |
