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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the 2 categories of the TMJ ligaments?
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Functional and accessory ligaments.
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What are the functional ligaments?
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The Capsular ligament,
Temporomandibular ligament and the Collateral ligament |
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The capsular ligament...
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is also known as the articular ligament and encloses the entire TMJ - encompasses the entire articular surface of the joint and retains the synovial fluid within the joint.
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Where are the attachments of the capsular/articular ligament?
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Superior - periphery of the mandibular fossa
Posterior - behind the squamotympanic fissure Anterior - anterior slope of articular eminence. Inferior - periphery of the neck of the condyle. |
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Which is the only part which consists of both fibrous and elastic tissue?
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Upper part of the capsule.
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The collateral ligaments...
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are pieces of connective tissue found just outside of the bone and deep to the capsule. There is a lateral and medial collateral ligament.
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The medial collateral ligament attaches...
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the medial and lateral borders of the articular disc to the medial and lateral poles of the mandibular condyle.
Action: facilitate hinge movement and restrict movement of the disc away from the condyle. Note: The ligaments allow anterior movement of the condyle, they prevent posterior and inferior displacement of the condyle. |
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The Temporomandibular ligament...
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is composed of an outer oblique portion and an inner horizontal portion.
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Where does the outer portion of the Temporomandibular ligament attach and what is its function?
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It extends from the articular tubercle and zygomatic process to the outer surface of the neck of the mandibular condyle.
Action: it limits the extent of the opening of the oral cavity. |
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Where does the inner portion of the Temporomandibular ligament attach and what is its function?
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It extends from the articular tubercle of the zygomatic process to the lateral pole of the mandibular condyle and the posterior portion of the articular disc.
Action: Limits the posterior movement of the mandibular condyle and the articular disc. |
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What are the 2 accessory ligaments of the TMJ and where do they attach?
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1. Sphenomandibular ligament - developmental remnant of Meckel's cartilage and runs from the spine of the sphenoid bone to the lingula of the mandible.
2. Stylomandibular ligament - runs from the styloid process of the occipital bone to the angle of the mandible. It serves as a thickened anterior portion of the parotid capsule that seperates the parotid gland from the infratemporal fossa. |
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What vessels supply the TMJ?
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Branches of the superficial temporal artery and the maxillary artery.
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What are the nerve innervations for the TMJ?
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The sensory supply is via the branches of the mandibular nerve, primarily the auriculotemporal nerve. Other sensory fibers travel within the deep temporal nerve and the masseteric nerve.
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Which is the only joint in which the meniscus seperates the internal aspect of the joint so that there is an upper and lower joint space?
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The TMJ
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What comprises the meniscus?
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It has a pronounced anterior lump or band, a flattened intermediate zone, and a posterior disk band - fits neatly into the glenoid fossa.
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What are the articular surfaces of the TMJ covered with?
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Both the mandibular and temporal articulations are covered by fibrous connective tissue and not by hyaline cartilage.
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Which are the only other 2 joints which have fibrous cartilage covering and not Hyaline cartilage?
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The acromioclavicular and the sternoclavicular.
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What does the fibrous layer consist of?
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It consists of fibroblasts scattered through a dense layer of Type I collagen.
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What is the bilaminar zone?
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The posterior aspect of the meniscus is called the bilaminar zone and also known as the retrodiscal area or pad. The superior portion of this bilaminar layer has numerous blood vessels and is quite flexible, whereas the rest of the disk is avascular.
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What type of collagen comprises the articular disk?
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Type I primarily and there is a small amount of Type III.
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Why is the TMJ a ginglymoarthroidal joint?
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The TMJ has 2 distinct movements: first, the mandibular condyle rotates just a little bit and second the condyle translates forward.
Not only does the condyle travel forward, so does the disk (meniscus) - hence it is called a ginglymoarthroidial joint. |
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What muscle is the TMJ disc or meniscus attached to?
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Lateral pterygoid muscle.
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