H&n Nerves/functionsbpages

Front 1

Trigeminal n. (CNV): Ophthalmic n.

Back 1

function- sensory, & postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the internal carotid plexus in the cavernous sinus] innervation of skin (forehead, upper lid & nose), cornea, mucosa (nasal cavity) & extraocular muscles

Front 2

Trigeminal n. (CNV): Ophthalmic n. : Lacrimal n. [L. lacrima, tear]

Back 2

function- sensory & postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the internal carotid plexus in the cavernous sinus] innervation of the lacrimal gland and the skin overlying the lateral aspect of the upper lid, and forehead & postganglionic parasympathetic innervation of the lacrimal gland [communication from the pterygopalatine ganglion via the zygomatic nerve]

Front 3

Trigeminal n. (CNV): Ophthalmic n. : Frontal n.: Supraorbital n.

Back 3

function- sensory & postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the internal carotid plexus in the cavernous sinus] innervation of the skin overlying the forehead & mucosa of frontal sinus

Front 4

Trigeminal n. (CNV): Ophthalmic n. : Frontal n.: Supratrochlear n.

Back 4

function- sensory & postganglionic sympathetic innervation [communication from the internal carotid plexus in the cavernous sinus] of the skin overlying the medial aspect of the forehead

Front 5

Trigeminal n. (CNV): Ophthalmic n. : Nasociliary n.: Anterior ethmoidal n.

Back 5

function- sensory & postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the internal carotid plexus in the cavernous sinus] innervation of the mucosa of the frontal and ethmoidal sinuses, the mucosa of the superior aspect of the nasal cavity, the skin overlying the nose

Front 6

Trigeminal n. (CNV): Ophthalmic n. : Nasociliary n.:Posterior ethmoidal n.

Back 6

function- sensory & postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the internal carotid plexus in the cavernous sinus] innervation of the mucosa of the sphenoidal and ethmoidal sinuses and superior nasal cavity

Front 7

Trigeminal n. (CNV): Ophthalmic n. : Nasociliary n.:Long ciliary n.

Back 7

function- sensory & postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the internal carotid plexus in the cavernous sinus] innervation of the eye, and postganglionic sympathetic innervation of the dilator muscle of the iris

Front 8

Trigeminal n. (CNV): Ophthalmic n. : Nasociliary n.:Short ciliary n.

Back 8

function- sensory & postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the internal carotid plexus in the cavernous sinus] innervation of the eye, and postganglionic sympathetic & postganglionic parasympathetic [axons arise from ciliary ganglion] innervation of the dilator [sympathetic] and constrictor [parasympathetic] muscles of the iris

Front 9

Trigeminal n. (CNV): Ophthalmic n. : Nasociliary n.:Infratrochlear n.

Back 9

function- sensory & postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the internal carotid plexus in the cavernous sinus] innervation of the skin overlying the bridge of the nose

Front 10

Trigeminal n. (CNV): Maxillary n.

Back 10

function- sensory, & postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the internal carotid plexus in the cavernous sinus & n. of pterygoid canal] innervation of skin (lower lid, nose, upper lip, cheek & cheekbone), mucosa (nasal cavity, oral cavity & pharynx) & dental pulp (upper teeth)

Front 11

Trigeminal n. (CNV): Maxillary n.:Pterygopalatine nerves (emerge from ganglion): Pharyngeal n.

Back 11

function- sensory, postganglionic sympathetic [communication from nerve of the pterygoid canal] & postganglionic parasympathetic [axons arise from pterygopalatine ganglion] innervation of the mucosa of the nasal pharynx & auditory tube

Front 12

Trigeminal n. (CNV): Maxillary n.:Pterygopalatine nerves (emerge from ganglion): Lateral posterior superior nasal n.

Back 12

function- sensory, postganglionic sympathetic [communication from nerve of the pterygoid canal] & postganglionic parasympathetic [axons arise from pterygopalatine ganglion] innervation of the mucosa of the lateral wall of the nasal cavity

Front 13

Trigeminal n. (CNV): Maxillary n.:Pterygopalatine nerves (emerge from ganglion): Medial (septal) posterior superior nasal n. (including nasopalatine)

Back 13

function- sensory, postganglionic sympathetic [communication from nerve of the pterygoid canal] & postganglionic parasympathetic [axons arise from pterygopalatine ganglion] innervation of the mucosa of the nasal septum and anterior hard palate and gingiva (nasopalatine n)

Front 14

Trigeminal n. (CNV): Maxillary n.:Pterygopalatine nerves (emerge from ganglion): Greater palatine n.

Back 14

function- sensory, taste [greater petrosal], postganglionic sympathetic [communication from nerve of the pterygoid canal] & postganglionic parasympathetic [axons arise from pterygopalatine ganglion] innervation of the mucosa of the hard palate and gingiva

Front 15

Trigeminal n. (CNV): Maxillary n.:Pterygopalatine nerves (emerge from ganglion): Lesser palatine n.

Back 15

function- sensory, taste [greater petrosal], postganglionic sympathetic [communication from nerve of the pterygoid canal] & postganglionic parasympathetic [axons arise from pterygopalatine ganglion] innervation of the mucosa of the soft palate

Front 16

Trigeminal n. (CNV): Maxillary n.:Zygomatic n.

Back 16

function- sensory & postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the external carotid plexus] innervation of the skin overlying the zygomatic arch, and postganglionic parasympathetic [axons arise from pterygopalatine ganglion] innervation of the lacrimal gland [communicates with the lacrimal n.]

Front 17

Trigeminal n. (CNV): Maxillary n.:Posterior superior alveolar n.

Back 17

function- sensory & postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the external carotid plexus] innervation of the upper molars, and sensory, postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the external carotid plexus] & postganglionic parasympathetic innervation of mucosa of maxillary sinus

Front 18

Trigeminal n. (CNV): Maxillary n.:Infraorbital n.

Back 18

function- sensory & postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the external carotid plexus] innervation of the skin of the upper lip, cheek, lateral nose and lower lid, and mucosa of upper lip and labial gingiva; and sensory, postganglionic sympathetic and postganglionic parasympathetic innervation of mucosa of the maxillary sinus

Front 19

Trigeminal n. (CNV): Maxillary n.:Infraorbital n.: Middle superior alveolar n

Back 19

function- sensory & postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the external carotid plexus] innervation of the upper premolars and sensory, postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the external carotid plexus] & postganglionic parasympathetic innervation of maxillary sinus

Front 20

Trigeminal n. (CNV): Maxillary n.:Infraorbital n.: Anterior superior alveolar n.

Back 20

function- sensory & postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the external carotid plexus] innervation of the upper canines and incisors and sensory, postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the external carotid plexus] & postganglionic parasympathetic maxillary sinus

Front 21

Trigeminal n. (CNV): Mandibular n.

Back 21

function- sensory (skin [lower lip, chin, cheek, ear & temple], mucosa [oral cavity] & muscles of mastication), motor, & postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the external carotid plexus via maxillary a.]

Front 22

Trigeminal n. (CNV): Mandibular n.: Meningeal branch

Back 22

function- sensory & postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the external carotid plexus] innervation of the cranial dura mater

Front 23

Trigeminal n. (CNV): Mandibular n.: Muscular branches: Nerve to the medial pterygoid

Back 23

function- sensory, postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the external carotid plexus] & motor (lmn) [trigeminal motor nucleus of the pons] innervation of the medial pterygoid, tensor palatini and tensor tympani muscles

Front 24

Trigeminal n. (CNV): Mandibular n.: Muscular branches:Masseteric n.

Back 24

function- sensory, postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the external carotid plexus]& motor (lmn) [trigeminal motor nucleus of the pons] innervation of the masseter muscle

Front 25

Trigeminal n. (CNV): Mandibular n.: Muscular branches: Deep temporal n.

Back 25

function- sensory, postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the external carotid plexus]& motor (lmn) [trigeminal motor nucleus of the pons] innervation of the temporalis muscle

Front 26

Trigeminal n. (CNV): Mandibular n.: Muscular branches: Nerve to the lateral pterygoid

Back 26

function- sensory, postganglionic sympathetic [communicationfrom the external carotid plexus]& motor (lmn) [trigeminal motor nucleus of the pons] innervation of the lateral pterygoid muscle

Front 27

Trigeminal n. (CNV): Mandibular n.: Sensory branches: Buccal branch (long buccal n.)

Back 27

function- sensory & postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the external carotid plexus] innervation of the buccal skin and buccal mucosa and gingiva

Front 28

Trigeminal n. (CNV): Mandibular n.: Sensory branches: Auriculotemporal n.

Back 28

function- sensory & postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the external carotid plexus] innervation of the TMJ, external auditory meatus and skin anterior to the ear, and sensory, postganglionic sympathetic & postganglionic parasympathetic [axons arise from the otic ganglion] innervation of the parotid gland

Front 29

Trigeminal n. (CNV): Mandibular n.: Sensory branches: Lingual n.

Back 29

function- sensory & postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the external carotid plexus] innervation of the mucosa overlying the anterior 2/3rds of the tongue, the floor of the oral cavity and the adjacent gingiva, taste innervation to the anterior 2/3rds of the tongue [communication from the chorda tympani n,], and sensory, postganglionic sympathetic and preganglionic parasympathetic [communication from the chorda tympani n.] innervation of the lingual, sublingual and submandibular glands [by way of the submandibular ganglion, some of the postganglionic parasympathetic axons rejoin the lingual nerve branches prior to innervating sublingual gland and minor lingual glands]

Front 30

Trigeminal n. (CNV): Mandibular n.: Sensory branches: Inferior alveolar n.

Back 30

function- sensory & postganglionic sympathetic [communication from external carotid plexus] innervation of the lower teeth and their adjacent buccal and labial gingiva

Front 31

Trigeminal n. (CNV): Mandibular n.: Sensory branches: Inferior alveolar n.: Mental n.

Back 31

function- sensory & postganglionic sympathetic [communication from external carotid plexus] innervation of the skin overlying the chin and lower lip, and labial mucosa and gingiva

Front 32

Trigeminal n. (CNV): Mandibular n.: Sensory branches: Inferior alveolar n.: N. to mylohyoid

Back 32

function- sensory, postganglionic sympathetic [communication from external carotid plexus]& motor (lmn) [trigeminal motor nucleus of the pons] innervation of the mylohyoid and anterior digastric muscles

Front 33

Abducens n. (CNVI)

Back 33

function- sensory [communication from the ophthalmic nerve in the superior orbital fissure], postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the internal carotid plexus in the cavernous sinus] & motor (lmn) [abducens nucleus of the pons] innervation of the lateral rectus muscle

Front 34

Facial n. (CNVII): Branches in the facial canal : N. to the stapedius

Back 34

function- motor (lmn) innervation of the stapedius muscle

Front 35

Facial n. (CNVII): Branches in the facial canal : Chorda tympani n.

Back 35

function- sensory [taste] innervation of the mucosa of the anterior 2/3rds of the tongue [taste axons join the lingual nerve to innervate the mucosa of the tongue], and preganglionic parasympathetic [superior salivatory nucleus of the pons] innervation of the submandibular ganglion [the postganglionic parasympathetic axons travel with the lingual nerve and innervate the sublingual and submandibular glands]

Front 36

Facial n. (CNVII): Greater petrosal n.

Back 36

function- preganglionic parasympathetic [superior salivatory nucleus of the pons] innervation of the pterygopalatine ganglion [postganglionic parasympathetic axons arising from the pterygopalatine ganglion join branches of the maxillary nerve to reach the lacrimal gland and the mucosa of the nasal cavity & paranasal sinuses, the nasal pharynx and roof of the oral cavity] and sensory [taste] innervation of mucosa of palate

Front 37

Facial n. (CNVII): Greater petrosal n.: Nerve of the pterygoid canal

Back 37

function- postganglionic sympathetic and preganglionic parasympathetic innervation of the pterygopalatine ganglion [postganglionic parasympathetic axons arising from the pterygopalatine ganglion join branches of the maxillary nerve to reach the lacrimal gland and the mucosa of the nasal cavity & paranasal sinuses, the nasal pharynx and roof of the oral cavity] and taste (palate)

Front 38

Facial n. (CNVII): Branches at the stylomastoid foramen: Nerve to the stylohyoid m.

Back 38

function- motor (lmn) [facial motor nucleus of the pons] & postganglionic sympathetic [communication from external carotid plexus] innervation of the stylohyoid muscle

Front 39

Facial n. (CNVII): Branches at the stylomastoid foramen: Nerve to the posterior digastric m.

Back 39

function- motor (lmn) [facial motor nucleus of the pons] & postganglionic sympathetic [communication from external carotid plexus] innervation of the posterior belly of the digastric muscle

Front 40

Facial n. (CNVII): Branches on the face: Temporal branch

Back 40

function- motor (lmn) [facial motor nucleus of the pons] & postganglionic sympathetic [communication from external carotid plexus] innervation of the corrugator supercilii, frontalis and orbicularis oculi muscles

Front 41

Facial n. (CNVII): Branches on the face: Zygomatic branch

Back 41

function- motor (lmn) [facial motor nucleus of the pons] & postganglionic sympathetic [communication from external carotid plexus] innervation of the levator anguli oris, levator labii superioris, orbicularis oculi and zygomaticus major muscles

Front 42

Facial n. (CNVII): Branches on the face: Buccal branch

Back 42

function- motor (lmn) [facial motor nucleus of the pons] & postganglionic sympathetic [communication from external carotid plexus] innervation of the buccinator, depressor anguli oris, levator anguli oris, levator labii superioris, levator labii superioris alequae nasi, nasalis, orbicularis oris, procerus, risorius, zygomaticus major & zygomaticus minormuscles

Front 43

Facial n. (CNVII): Branches on the face: Marginal mandibular branch

Back 43

function- motor (lmn) [facial motor nucleus of the pons] & postganglionic sympathetic [communication from external carotid plexus] innervation of the depressor anguli oris, depressor labii inferioris, mentalis & orbicularis oris muscles

Front 44

Facial n. (CNVII): Branches on the face: Cervical branch

Back 44

function- motor (lmn) [facial motor nucleus of the pons] & postganglionic sympathetic [communication from external carotid plexus] innervation of the platysma muscle

Front 45

Oculomotor n. (CNIII): Superior ramus: Muscular branches

Back 45

function- sensory [communication from the ophthalmic nerve in the superior orbital fissure], postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the internal carotid plexus in the cavernous sinus] & motor (lmn) innervation [oculomotor nucleus of the midbrain] of the superior rectus and levator palpebrae superioris muscles

Front 46

Oculomotor n. (CNIII): Inferior ramus: Muscular branches

Back 46

function- sensory [communication from the ophthalmic nerve in the superior orbital fissure], postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the internal carotid plexus in the cavernous sinus] & motor (lmn) innervation [oculomotor nucleus of the midbrain] of the medial rectus, inferior rectus and inferior oblique muscles

Front 47

Oculomotor n. (CNIII): Inferior ramus: Parasympathetic communication to the ciliary ganglion

Back 47

function- preganglionic parasympathetic innervation [Edinger-Westphal nucleus of the midbrain] of the ciliary ganglion [the postganglionic parasympathetic axons travel with the short ciliary nerves [branches of the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve] and innervate the ciliary body and constrictor muscle of the iris]

Front 48

Trochlear n. (CNIV)

Back 48

function- sensory [communication from the ophthalmic nerve in the superior orbital fissure], postsym [communication from the internal carotid plexus in the cavernous sinus] & motor (lmn) innervation [trochlear nucleus of the midbrain] of the superior oblique muscle

Front 49

Vestibulocochlear n. (CNVIII)

Back 49

hearing

Front 50

Glossopharyngeal n. (CNIX): Tympanic n. (lesser petrosal nerve past middle ear)

Back 50

function- sensory and postganglionic sympathetic [communication from superior cervical ganglion] innervation of the middle ear, and preganglionic parasympathetic [inferior salivatory nucleus of the medulla] innervation of the otic ganglion [postganglionic axons arising from the otic ganglion travel with the auriculotemporal nerve to innervate the parotid gland]

Front 51

Glossopharyngeal n. (CNIX): Carotid branch

Back 51

function- sensory innervation of the carotid sinus and body

Front 52

Glossopharyngeal n. (CNIX):Pharyngeal branches

Back 52

function- sensory and postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the superior cervical ganglion] innervation of the mucosa of the upper pharynx

Front 53

Glossopharyngeal n. (CNIX): Tonsilar branch

Back 53

function- sensory and postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the superior cervical ganglion] innervation of the tonsilar mucosa

Front 54

Glossopharyngeal n. (CNIX): Lingual branch

Back 54

function- sensory [including taste] and postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the superior cervical ganglion] innervation of the mucosa of the posterior 1/3rd of the tongue

Front 55

Glossopharyngeal n. (CNIX): N. to the stylopharyngeus m.

Back 55

function- sensory, postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the superior cervical ganglion] & motor (lmn) [nucleus ambiguus of the medulla] innervation of the stylopharyngeus muscle

Front 56

Accessory n.: Spinal root

Back 56

function- postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the superior cervical ganglion] & motor (lmn) [spinal accessory nucleus of C1-5] innervation of the trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles

Front 57

Hypoglossal n.

Back 57

function- sensory [communication from the lingual nerve near the hyoglossus muscle], postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the superior cervical ganglion] & motor (lmn) innervation of the genioglossus, styloglossus, hyoglossus and intrinsic tongue muscles

Front 58

Vagus nerve (CNX) : Branches in the jugular fossa: a. Auricular

Back 58

function- sensory and postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the superior cervical ganglion] innervation of the skin of the external auditory meatus and ear

Front 59

Vagus nerve (CNX) : Branches in the neck & mediastinum: Pharyngeal (plexus)

Back 59

function- sensory, postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the superior cervical ganglion], motor (lmn) [nucleus ambiguus of the medulla] innervation of the all the muscles of the pharynx [except the stylopharyngeus] and the palate [except the tensor palatini]

Front 60

Vagus nerve (CNX) : Branches in the neck & mediastinum: Carotid n.

Back 60

function- sensory and postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the superior cervical ganglion] innervation of the carotid sinus and body

Front 61

Vagus nerve (CNX) : Branches in the neck & mediastinum: Superior laryngeal: Internal laryngeal n.

Back 61

function- sensory, taste [to epiglottis], postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the superior cervical ganglion] and preganglionic parasympathetic [dorsal motor nucleus of the medulla] innervation of the mucosa of the oral & laryngeal pharynx, epiglottis and larynx superior to the vocal folds

Front 62

Vagus nerve (CNX) : Branches in the neck & mediastinum: Superior laryngeal: External laryngeal n.

Back 62

function- sensory, postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the superior cervical ganglion] & motor (lmn) [nucleus ambiguus of the medulla] innervation of the cricothyroid, and inferior constrictor muscles

Front 63

Vagus nerve (CNX) : Branches in the neck & mediastinum: Recurrent laryngeal n.

Back 63

function- sensory, postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the superior cervical ganglion] & motor (lmn) [nucleus ambiguus of the medulla] innervation of all the muscles of the larynx with the exception of the cricothyroid muscle, and the inferior constrictor muscles; sensory, postganglionic sympathetic and preganglionic parasympathetic [dorsal motor nucleus of the medulla] innervation of the tracheal, laryngeopharyngeal, and laryngeal mucosa (inferior to the vocal folds)

Front 64

Ventral rami (Cervical Plexus): Cutaneous branches: Great auricular n. (C2,3)

Back 64

function- sensory & postganglionic sympathetic [gray rami communicans] innervation of the skin overlying the upper SCM, lower parotid region and ear

Front 65

Ventral rami (Cervical Plexus): Cutaneous branches: Supraclavicular n. (C3,4)

Back 65

function- sensory & postganglionic sympathetic [gray rami communicans] innervation of the skin overlying the lower half of the posterior triangle of the neck

Front 66

Superior root of the ansa cervicalis (C1) [L. loop, handle]

Back 66

function- sensory & postganglionic sympathetic [gray ramus] innervation of the skin overlying the posterior-lateral aspect of the head and upper neck

Front 67

Superior root of the ansa cervicalis (C1) [L. loop, handle]

Back 67

function- sensory, postganglionic sympathetic [gray ramus] and motor (lmn) innervation of the superior belly of the omohyoid muscle

Front 68

Inferior root of the ansa cervicalis (C2,3)

Back 68

function- sensory, postganglionic sympathetic [gray rami communicans] and motor (lmn) innervation of the sternohyoid, sternothyroid and inferior belly of the omohyoid muscles

Front 69

Phrenic n. (C3-5)

Back 69

function- sensory, postganglionic sympathetic [gray rami communicans] and motor (lmn) innervation of the diaphragm (other functions are listed under UNIT TWO)