H&n Forum

Front 1

What is the significance of arachnoid granulations? Where are they located

Back 1

Project into superior saggital sinus, absorb CSF into sinuses

Front 2

Identify vessels which drain to venous dural sinuses

Back 2

-Cerebral veins
-Vertebral veins
-Diploic veins
-Emissary veins
-Cavernous sinus

Front 3

Which major vessel supplies major arterial supply to dura

Back 3

Middle meningeal artery

Front 4

Identify major sensory nerves which supply dura

Back 4

V1 - anterior and posterior ethmoidal
V2 and V3 - meningeal branches
CN X and XII (C1)

Front 5

What does SCALP stand for

Back 5

Layers of scalp
-Skin
-Dense connective tissue
-Aponeurosis
-Loose connective tissue
-Periosteum

Front 6

In which layer of scalp do vessels travel

Back 6

Dense CT

Front 7

In which layer of scalp muscles located

Back 7

Aponeurosis - occipitalis + frontalis

Front 8

Which layer of scalp is danger layer

Back 8

Loose CT

Front 9

Identify distribution of CN V to face

Back 9

V1 - upper eyelid, dorsal nose
V2 - below eyes, above upper lip
V3 - below lower lip

Front 10

Identify 4 major arteries which contribute to circulation of face

Back 10

-Facial artery
-Maxillary artery
-Superficial temporal - transverse facial
-Ophtalmic

Front 11

Venous drainage of face ultimately reaches 3 venous channels, what are they

Back 11

IJV
EJV
Cavernous sinus

Front 12

Paralysis of CN VII leads to

Back 12

Bells palsy and hyperacusis (stapedius paralysis)

Front 13

Where does parotid duct open

Back 13

Oral cavity opposite 2nd molar tooth

Front 14

Important structures that go through parotid gland

Back 14

-CN VII
-Auriculotemporal nerve (V3)
-Retromandibular vein
-ECA
-Transverse facial artery
-Lymph nodes

Front 15

Trace GVE p component of CN IX in autonomic innervation of parotid gland

Back 15

Tympanic branch of CN IX goes to tympanic cavity - forms tympanic plexus - exits as lesser petrosal nerve and goes through hiatus for lesser petrosal nerve then exits skull through foramen ovale and synapses at otic ganglion and hitch hikes ride on auriculotemporal nerve to parotid gland

Front 16

Muscle that closes eye

Back 16

Orbicularis oculi

Front 17

Muscle that closes mouth

Back 17

Orbicularis oris

Front 18

Muscle that keeps food between teeth

Back 18

Buccinator

Front 19

Muscles of facial expression are innervated by _ , which arch?

Back 19

VII - 2nd arch

Front 20

Identify 3 major muscles of pharynx and their associated fascias

Back 20

Superior, middle and inferior constrictors
-Buccopharyngeal fascia on top and pharyngobasilar fascia under them

Front 21

Identify muscles which elevate larynx and pharynx during swallowing

Back 21

-Stylopharyngeus - CN IX
-Palatopharyngeus - CN X
-Salpingopharyngeus - CN X

Front 22

Identify nerves which form pharyngeal plexus

Back 22

- On middle constrictor - pharyngeal branches of CN IX and X and sympathetic branches from superior cervical ganglion.
Vagal - all muscles except stylopharyngeus (CN IX)

Front 23

Glands of pharynx are innervated by _

Back 23

CN VII - greater petrosal nerve

Front 24

Major arteries supplying pharyngeal wall

Back 24

-Ascending pharyngeal
-Superior thyroid

Front 25

Identify muscle that when contracts opens auditory pharyngeal tube

Back 25

Tensor veli palatini

Front 26

What is torus tubaris

Back 26

Elevation of mucosa made by cartilaginous portion of auditory tube

Front 27

What structures exit beneath torus tubaris

Back 27

auditory tube and levator veli palatini

Front 28

Paralysis of right levator palatini results in deviation of uvula to which side

Back 28

Left side
Sagging of pillars - to same side
CN X

Front 29

Where do veins of pharyngeal plexus drain

Back 29

Pterygoid plexus + IJV

Front 30

How do you classify cricothyroid joint

Back 30

Synovial

Front 31

2 antagonistic muscles of cricothyroid joint

Back 31

Cricothyroid - pulls forward
Inferior constrictor - pulls backward

Front 32

Membrane to false vocal cords

Back 32

Quadrangular membrane

Front 33

Membrane to true vocal cords

Back 33

Conus elasticus - cricovocal membrane

Front 34

Muscle that abducts true vocal folds

Back 34

Posterior cricoarytenoid

Front 35

Innervation of larynx

Back 35

CN X

Front 36

Innervation of intrinsic muscles of larynx

Back 36

Recurrent laryngeal

Front 37

Innervation of cricothyroid

Back 37

External laryngeal

Front 38

Innervation of mucosa of larynx

Back 38

Internal laryngeal + recurrent (vocal fold)

Front 39

Muscle that close mandible

Back 39

-Temporalis
-Masseter
-Medial pterygoid

Front 40

Innervation to muscles of mastication

Back 40

CN V3

Front 41

Sphenomeniscus is what?

Back 41

Superior part of lateral pterygoid muscle

Front 42

Function of sphenomeniscus

Back 42

Depresses mandible, prepares mouth to be open

Front 43

What are the attachments and function of temporobuccinator band

Back 43

Buccinator and IT portion of sphenoid
Behind - buccal artery and nerve

Front 44

Identify two specific branches of GVE p whose postganglionic fibers travel with V3

Back 44

Chorda tympani - CN VII
Lesser petrosal - CN IX

Front 45

Lingual and inferior alveolar nerves pass between which two muscles

Back 45

Medial and lateral pterygoid

Front 46

Identify venous communications of pterygoid plexus

Back 46

With cavernous sinus via emissary veins
With inferior ophtalmic vein
With facial vein by deep facial vein
With sphenopalatine to nasal cavity

Front 47

Identify nerve which innervates inside and outside of the cheek

Back 47

Buccal V3

Front 48

Superior and middle nasal conchae are part of which bone

Back 48

Ethmoid

Front 49

3 components of nasal septum

Back 49

-Perpendicular plate of ethmoid
-Vomer
-Septal cartilage

Front 50

Term for communication of nasal cavity with nasopharynx

Back 50

Choanae

Front 51

Identify arteries that form Kiesselbachs plexus

Back 51

-Sphenopalatine - from maxillary
-Greater palatine - from maxillary
-Anterior ethmoidal - from ophtalmic
-Superior labial - from facial