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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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PULSATILE TINNITUS
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Causes of pulsatile tinnitus:
Normal vascular variants Aberrant ICA ugular bulb anomalies (high or dehiscent megabulb, diverticulum) Persistent stapedial artery Vascular tumors Glomus jugulare Glomus tympanicum Vascular abnormalities Arteriovenous malformation (AVM) Atherosclerosis ICA dissection or aneurysm at petrous apex Fibromuscular hyperplasia Other causes of tinnitus Paget's disease Otosclerosis Meniere's disease |
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BENIGN TEMPORAL BONE TUMORS
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Meningioma
Facial neuroma, may arise anywhere along the course of CNVII. In the IAC, the tumor is indistinguishable from an acoustic neuroma Osteoma Adenoma (ceruminoma : apocrine adenoma) in the EAC, benign but locally aggressive, rare Epidermoid (primary cholesteatoma) Petrous apex cholesterol granuloma |
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MALIGNANT TEMPORAL BONE TUMORS
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Carcinoma (most common tumors)
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) arising from the EAC Adenocarcinoma Lymphoma Mets breast, lung, melanoma Chondrosarcoma, other primary bone tumors Rhabdomyosarcoma in children |
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CONGENITAL ABNORMALITIES OF THE INNER EAR
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Cochlear malseptation (Mondini's deafness) results in < 2.5 cochlear turns and
an empty cochlea." Direct connection to CSF resulting in leaks and meningitis Single cochlear-vestibular cavity (Michel's deafness) results in < 2.5 cochlear turns. Hypoplastic petrous pyramid Small internal auditorv canal Cochlear aplasia Large vestibule or aqueduct |
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PETROUS MALFORMATIONS ASSOCIATED WITH RECURRENT MENINGITIS
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Lamina cribrosa/spiralis defect at lateral end of IAC: perilymphatic hydrops develops with secondary displacement of stapes.
Dehiscence of tegmen tympani Wide cochlear aqueduct |
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intraocular masses without calcification
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Persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous
Retrolental fibroplasia Toxocariasis Coats'disease |
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intraocular masses without calcification
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Persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous
Retrolental fibroplasia Toxocariasis Coats'disease |
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Leukokoria refers to a white pupil. Clinical, not a radiologic finding. Underlying
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causes:
Retinoblastoma PHPV Congenital cataract Toxocariasis Other Sclerosing endophthalmitis Coats'disease Retrolental fibroplasia Trauma Chronic retinal detachment |
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LACRIMAL GLAND TUMORS
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Lymphoid,50%
Benign reactive lymphoid hyperplasia 'LymPhoma Epithelial tumors, 50% Benign mixed (pleomorphic) tumor (75% of epithelial tumors) Adenoid cystic carcinoma Mucoepidermoid carcinoma Malignant mixed tumor |
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DESTRUCTIVE SINUSITIS
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Mucormycosis
Aspergillosis Wegener's granulomatosis Neoplasm |
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signal voids within paranasal sinuses
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Aerated sinus
Desiccated secretions Calcifications Fungal concretions (mycetoma) Foreign body Ectopic (undescended) tooth Dentigerous cyst Acute blood |
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CYSTIC SALIVARY LESIONS
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Mucous retention cyst: true cyst with epithelial lining
Ranula: retention cyst from sublingual glands in floor of mouth Mucocele (extravasation cyst): results from ductal rupture and mucous extravasation. Not a true cys! composed of granulation tissue Benign lymphoepithelial cysts (BLC) AIDS patients Associated adenopathy and lymphoid hyperplasia may may be a crue to HIV seropositivity Typically presents as bilateral parotid cysts, superficial in location In absence of HIV infectioru parotid cysts are rare Warthin's tumor must be considered in the differential diagnosis o Cystic tumors (Warthin's) Bilateral lr:.10% Accumulation of pertechnetate Well-defined, lobulated, intermediate signal intensity mass with cystic areas |
