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47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is the study of the body structures and the relation to one part to another?
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anatomy
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what is the study of the processes and functions of the body tissue and organs?
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.physiology
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what is the study of the development of the body from a fertilized egg, or ovum?
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embryology
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what planes of the body divides the body into right and left halves on its vertical axis?
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the median or midsagittal plane
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what planes of the body are drawn perpendicular to the sagittal and frontal planes, and divides the body into superior and inferior sections?
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the horizontal, or transverse plane
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what is the anatomical position
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when the body stands erect with the arms hanging at the sides and the palms of the hands turned forward.
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what is indicated by the anatomical term anterior or ventral?
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toward the front, or ventral (pertaining to the belly; abdomen), side of the body
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what is indicated by the anatomical term "posterior" or "dorsal"?
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toward the back, or dorsal, side of the body
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what is indicated by the anatomical term "medial"?
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near or toward the midline of the body
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what is indicated by the anatomical term "lateral"?
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farther away from the midline of the body
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what is indicated by the anatomical term "proximal"?
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nearer the point of origin or closer to the body
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what is indicated by the anatomical term "distal"?
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away from the point of origin or away from the body
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what is indicated by the anatomical term "supine"?
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lying position of the body, face up
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what is indicated by the anatomical term "lateral recumbent"?
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lying position of the body on either side
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what is indicated by the anatomical term "superior?"
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higher than or above
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what is indicated by the anatomical term "cranial?"
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toward the head
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what is indicated by the anatomical term "caudal?"
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toward the lower end of the body
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what is indicated by the anatomical term "inferior?"
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lower than or below
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what is indicated by the anatomical term "erect?"
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normal standing position of the body
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what are organisms?
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all living things, animals and plants that undergo chemical processes by which they sustain life and regenerate cells.
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what is the difference between organisms?
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animals have sensations and the power of voluntary movement and require oxygen and organic food.
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what is the process of absorption, storage, and the use of foods for body growth, maintenance, and repair?
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metabolism
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what is the body's self regulated control of its inernal environment?
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homeostasis
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what is the smallest unit of life
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the cell
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what has been called "the secret of life?"
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protoplasm
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what is a typical cell made of?
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the plasma membrane, the nucleus, and the cytoplasm
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what is the process where solids and gases pass through the plasma membrane
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diffusion
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what is the nucleus
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a small dense, usually spherical body the controls the chemical reactions occuring in the cell
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what is the water-to-gelatinous substance surrounding the nucleus and is contained by the plasma membrnae?
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cytoplasm
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what is the name of the single cell of the amoeba (which is a unicellular animal)?
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a simple of differentiated cell
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what is the role of specialized cells?
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they perform special functions (such as muscles which contract, or epithelial cells which protect the skin).
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what are specialized cells similar in structure and function?
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tissues
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what are the four main groups of tissues?
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spithelial, connective, muscular, and nervous
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what is the lining tissue of the body (which forms the outer covering of the body known as the free surface of the skin)?
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epithelium
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what are the three types of epithelial tissue
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columnar, squamous, and cuboidal
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in the digestive system, what is the chief function of columnar tissue
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to secrete digesive fluids and absorb digested foods and fluids
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what is the main protective tissue of the body
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squamous
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what is the cuboidal tissue?
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it is both a secretory and protective tissue whose cells are cubial
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what type of tissue supports the various structures of the body
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connective
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what makes up connective tissue?
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areolar, adipose, and osseous
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what type of connective tissue's chief function is to bind parts of the body together
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areolar
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what type of connective tissue is generally called "fatty tissue"
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adipose
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what type of connective tissue is dense and forms tendons, ligaments, cartilage, and bond?
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osseous
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what type of tissue is known as "bone tissue?"
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osseous connective tissue
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what are the three types of muscular tissue?
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skewletal, smooth, and cardiac
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what type of muscular tissue attaches to bones
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skeletal (voluntary)
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what type of muscular tissue are found in the stomach, intestines and the walls of hollow organs?
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smo
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