Hiv/aids Study Packet

Front 1

What is HIV

Back 1

HIV is the retrovirus that hs the latent infection that stays in the CNS while the bondy can fight off the infection

Front 2

What is AIDS

Back 2

is the disease whent he body can no longer fight off the HIV virus. The CD4 are less than 200 and the viral load is 55,000 copies/ml and there are clinical s/s

Front 3

Stages of HIV infection

Back 3

Primary - acute
Chronic Asymptomatic
Severe Immune Compromise

Front 4

Candidiasis Yeast

Back 4

Oral Thrush
NI Nystatin swish and swallow and lidocaine oral to numb mouth

Front 5

HPV and HIV cervical cysplasia

Back 5

HPV is genital wart and HPV is human papillomavirus associated with cervical dysplasia
PAP tests every 4-6 months and early treatment for cancer

Front 6

Kaposi Sarcoma

Back 6

Cancer of endothelial layer of blood and lymph vessels (red adn blue blotches and lesions may bleed)
Treat with vincristine and bleomycin and treat aids

Front 7

PCP

Back 7

opportunistic neumonia seen in clients with AIDS. Treat aids and agive TMP-SMZ (Bactrim)

Front 8

Wasing Syndrome

Back 8

Sign of last stages of AIDS. A protein-energy malnutrition and diarrhea for greater than 30 days resulting in loss of 10% of more of body weight.
BRAT diet, high protein supplements, and drugs to treat AIDS

Front 9

What are measure that the nurse can take to help decrease the risk of the AIDS client from getting an infection

Back 9

immunizations, instruct to avoid crowds, wear a mask aroud others, and nurse should avoid caring for client when she has a fever or respiratory infection.

Front 10

NI - Preventindg the spread of HIV/AIDS - First level

Back 10

Educate public about HIV/AIDS and prevention and educate HCP how to decrease exposure through standard precautions

Front 11

NI - Preventing the spread of HIV/AIDS - second level

Back 11

Early identification of HIV/AIDS and early treatment

Front 12

NI - preventing the spread of HIV/AIDS - Tertiary level

Back 12

immunize client (pheumonia, flu, hepatitis, etc), early detection of opportunistic infections, and treatment and early recognition of antiretroviral theirapy regime failure.

Front 13

What measures should the health care professional take to protect themselves from HIV/AIDS?

Back 13

Standard precautions, never recap a needle

Front 14

What should the HCP do if coming in contact with blood?

Back 14

Wash area with sop and water, tell supervisor, prompt medical care

Front 15

What is PIP and what follow-up should the HCP excpect

Back 15

Post exposure prophylaxis (PEP) within 2 hours and need Retrovir (AZT) x 4 weeks, and HIV testing post-exposure; 6 weeks; 3 months; 6 months; 1 year. If positive for HIV at any time - test CD4 cells and viral load and treat if has AIDS.

Front 16

Nucleoside reverse transcriptase Inhibitors (NRTI)

Back 16

Virus uses the NRTI instead of the normal building block, then reproduction of the virus is stalled

Front 17

Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI)

Back 17

Bind and disable reverse transcriptase, a protein that HIV needs to make more copies of itself.

Front 18

Protease Inhibitors (PI)

Back 18

Disables protease, a protein that HIV needs to make more copies of itself.

Front 19

Fusion Inhibitors (FI)

Back 19

work by blocking HIV entry into cells.

Front 20

Wht is Retrovir the most frequently prescribed drug for AIDS

Back 20

Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor (NRIT)

Front 21

Instructions for Retrovir

Back 21

Take tables on empty stomach, swallow whole and drink plenty of fluid.
Take capsules with or without food.
Caution- Bactrim may increase risk for neutropenia

Front 22

Side Effects of Retrovir

Back 22

GI intolerance
bluish brown bands on fingernails
dilliculty swallowing
numbness
tingling and pain in lower extremities
mental changes
pruritis

Front 23

Treatment regime consideration

Back 23

client compliance
number of meds
interactions with other meds
other diseases and conditions present
pregnancy

Front 24

Key to help client adhere to regime

Back 24

client's lifestyle, instruct how drugs work, open channel of communication, monitor for adherence.

Front 25

Successful regime for HAART

Back 25

test viral load 2-8 weeks after starting treatment and then every 3-4 months. If viral load is still detectable after 4-6 months cause for regime failure needs to be determined

Front 26

Virologic failure

Back 26

Viral load does not become undetectable and if treatment regime is not changed will progress to immunologic failure in 3 years.

Front 27

Immunologic failure

Back 27

regime ineffective to raise CD4 cells or prevent count from decreasing

Front 28

Clinical failure

Back 28

HIV related illness despite 3 months of drugs

Front 29

Standard of practice for pregnant woman with AIDS/HIV and her child to receive

Back 29

ZDV regime week 14 to 34
ZDV given IV during L&D
Baby takes ZDV liquid form every 6 hours for six weeks

Front 30

Primary Stage of HIV

Back 30

Flu-like symptoms in 50-9-% of newly infected persons the first month after exposure.

Front 31

Chronic Asymptomatic HIV infection stage

Back 31

after 3-6 months, immune system stabilizes adn HIV is established in the CNS, lymph nodes, and mononuclear cells

Front 32

Sever Immune Compromise

Back 32

Advanced HIV disease or late-stage infection. CD4 and lymphocytes fall, the person is susceptable to opportunistic infections and pathogens and can succumb to an infection because of not having a strong enough immune system to fight the illness and the client will die.

Front 33

Populations at risk

Back 33

injetion drug users
homosexual sex
unprotected intercourse -esp adolescents
HIV contaminated blood products
prenatal transmission
sparp-related injuries
Riace if a factor
Caucasian 38%
Hispanic 20%
African American 40%

Front 34

DX of HIV

Back 34

ELISHA (enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay)
Western Blot performed on all positive ELISHA
Rapid IV test (results back in 5 - 30 minutes)

Front 35

DX of AIDS

Back 35

CD4 count less than 200 cells/mm3
Viral Load Test (55,000 copies/ml)
AIDS defining condition