Histroy Veasna's

Front 1

First undocumented Asian immigrants

Back 1

Chinese who crossed from Canada and Mexicobecause of the Chinese Exclusion Act.

Front 2

The establishment of the US border patrol

Back 2

to keep Asians out.r; m{

Front 3

1. Owen J. Robertst--><

Back 3

Investigated attacks on Pearl Harbor.(Supreme Court Associate Justice)

Front 4

1. 1909 Oahu Strike--><

Back 4

Japanese Equal pay for equal work. ha-loz

Front 5

1. 1920 Federation of Japanese labor in Hawaii and theHigher Wages Association Strike

Back 5

1st major pan Asian strike.Involved Japanese, Filipinos, and Portuguese. styGb

Front 6

1. Model minority myth

Back 6

Asians have a better socioeconomic status.(Higher income, low crime rate, etc.)

Front 7

1. The political use and racial divisiveness of the modelminority mythy

Back 7

Served a political purpose at the heightof the civil rights movement. Government wanted other races to follow theirexample. Should work hard instead of using military forces. mso-i

Front 8

1. Ways to dispel the model minority myth

Back 8

Majority of Asian Americans live inmetropolitan areas, APA are disproportionally employed in low income jobs, low employmentis problematic to be used as a measure to economic success, higher labor forceparticipation for Asian American women, Asian Americans live with extendedfamily members at a higher rate, educational attainment is exaggerated throughUS immigration policies, Asian Americans are heterogeneous, model minorityfails to explain why Asians do not perform as well in their respective countriesof origin as they do in the US, fails to explain the poor achievement rateamong Asians. n A_

Front 9

1. Issues ignored when people subscribe to the modelminority mythml>y

Back 9

Poverty, juvenile delinquency, substanceabuse, homelessness, mental health, and domestic violence. xtc

Front 10

1. Print media and anti-Japanese sentiment-->

Back 10

There were tons of anti-Japanese propaganda. They were labeled as enemy aliens.

Front 11

1. Executive order 9066

Back 11

Incarceration of Japanese. (Signed byPresident Roosevelt) >K

Front 12

1. Rabbit in the moon/b

Back 12

Camp life lead to kids having fun and thedisintegration of family life and structure. Resentment against JACL resultedin division among Japanese Americans that led to physical beatings. (JACL film)e; mT

Front 13

1. Japanese Americans in Hawaii and Order 9066

Back 13

They were not incarcerated because itwould be detrimental to the Hawaiian colony.

Front 14

1. Japanese Peruvians during WW2>

Back 14

Deported from Latin America to US. (Enemyaliens)b-stoy

Front 15

1. Economic Impact of incarceration of Japanese Americans

Back 15

Many lost their businesses. -loz

Front 16

1. Question 27 and 28EndF

Back 16

Loyalty test. (27: serve in military) (28:forswear allegiance to Japan, no longer Japanese citizen)xtc

Front 17

1. “no no boys” and shifting perception of themtml>

Back 17

Said no to questions from loyalty test.Sent to Tule Lake. (For troublemakers)d

Front 18

1. 442nd regimental combat team

Back 18

Japanese who fought in WWII. (Over 18,000)levelx

Front 19

1. Fair Play Committee

Back 19

Demanded that civil rights be restored toall Nisei before they would comply with the military draft, and tried to testthe legality of conscripting incarcerated Americans of Japanese descent. op:nW

Front 20

1. Repatriation of Japanese and Japanese Americans

Back 20

Japanese wanted to leave America because of incarceration. Renunciationof their American citizenship. h(

Front 21

1. Women Air Force Service Pilots

Back 21

Women who flew in WWII as pilots. HazelLee and Margaret Gee. f

Front 22

1. Japanese American agricultural cooperatives andassociations

Back 22

Primarily concerned with processing,distribution, and marketing of farm products. It also prevented unrestrictedcompetition and promoted farming unity and cooperation. (Los Angeles CityMarket)V

Front 23

1. 1988 Civil Liberties Act-EndFr

Back 23

Offered a national apology for allincarcerated Japanese and reimbursed each surviving Japanese with $20,000 each.(Signed by President Reagan) vel-nm

Front 24

1. Chinese American District and family Associations

Back 24

Provided mutual aid, social control, andleadership positions. Family associations were based on name. (Wu Association)They specialized in similar occupations and provided new members with temporaryhousing, mediators, rotating credit association, and built temples. (Firstsurfaced in San Francisco 1851) Yd

Front 25

1. Chinese Consolidated Benevolent Associationtml

Back 25

Chinese Six Companies. Hired whiteattorneys to fight in court. Fought anti-Chinese legislation, created Chineselanguage schools, issued exit permits, and created leadership roles. evel-taV

Front 26

1. Racial Liberalism

Back 26

Get rid of racial laws. Promoteassimilation, integration, civil rights, and equality of citizenship forminority groups. Improve life for minority groups.

Front 27

1. 1943 Magnuson Actt-->

Back 27

Put an end to the Chinese Exclusion Act. 105Chinese were allowed to enter the US per year and become eligible fornaturalization. elo

Front 28

1. 1946 Luce-Cellar Act>

Back 28

Filipinos and South Asians could immigrantto US and be naturalized. (Filipinos/South Asians: 100 per year) t:`

Front 29

1. 1952 McCarran-Walter Act

Back 29

Kept in place the national origins quota system first established in the1920s. Quota was based on race, not nationality7

Front 30

1. “Confession Program”

Back 30

Used to encourage Chinese Americans tocome forward and confess their misuse of immigration documents and expose anyrelative or friend who have also committed an immigration-related crime. Inreturn, they were granted legal status to remain in the US as long as they werenot involved in any communist or subversive activities. !-Da

Front 31

1. Three categories of immigration advocates for the 1965Immigration and Nationality Act

Back 31

Humanitarian reasons, political reasons,and capitalists. ne;f

Front 32

1. 1965 Immigration and Nationality Act/u

Back 32

Liberalized the nation’s immigrationpolicy and ushered in new generations of immigrants from throughout Asia, manyof whom had no connection to pre-WWII communities. malTaMx

Front 33

1. Labor certification system of the 1965 Immigration andNationality Actdy>

Back 33

Employers had to prove that there is a lack of workers in order to bringin labor force. mso-fa)

Front 34

1. Post 1965 Filipino Immigration to the U.S. and theFilipino diaspora

Back 34

Allowed highly skilled professionals to enter

Front 35

1. Post 1965 Korean Immigration to the U.S.

Back 35

Priority immigration to immigrants withskills. The 3rd and largest wave of Korean immigration began. SouthKorean government encouraged emigration to reduce the pressures of its growingpopulation and to reap economic benefits. xt-iwl

Front 36

1. Little Manila:Filipinos in California’s Heartland

Back 36

Filipinos were known for harvestingasparagus. -levelP

Front 37

1. Pablo Manlapitl

Back 37

He was a Filipino migrant labor activistin Hawaii and the Philippines. so-le]

Front 38

1. Kibei

Back 38

Culturally Japan Americans sent back toJapan to be educated. zn

Front 39

1. Yuri Kochiyama

Back 39

Japanese civil rights activist. Known forconnecting African American and the emerging Asian American movement on theeast coast for civil rights. -nl

Front 40

1. Philip Vera Cruz?

Back 40

Filipino labor activist. He was ininvolved in the Filipino labor movement and helped organized the Agricultural WorkersOrganizing Committee in a series of effective strikes and boycotts thatcrippled the grape industry in Delano in 1965. xt-ilE

Front 41

1. Grace Lee Boggs

Back 41

Chinese activist for revolution. Involvedin African American civil rights movement. Played a key role in “humanizing”movements including civil rights, Black Power, labor issues, women rights,anti-war campaign, environmental concerns, and Asian Americans rights.

Front 42

1. Asian American Political Alliance’s 3 goals

Back 42

Bring together all Asians as a politicalgroup regardless of ethnic or other differences, rejected the model minoritypremise that Asian Americans were not victims of American racism, affirmed itscommitment to interracial solidarity with other “Third World people” in the USand abroad and pledged its “support of all oppressed peoples and theirstruggles for Liberation.” ion{

Front 43

1. “Serve-the-people” programs

Back 43

Helped with housing, healthcare, etc. (providedservices)

Front 44

1. Asian/Pacific Lesbians and Gays

Back 44

It didn’t really start until 1979 becausethey were marginalized by both Asian civil rights and White LGBT organizations.There were programs to fight homophobia inside and outside the Asian Americancommunity. -level9E

Front 45

1. “America’s Most Lethal Weapon”

Back 45

Hmong army in Laos for US. (Secret army)

Front 46

1. America’s secret war in Cambodia467Z -

Back 46

Secretly dropped bombs in Cambodia duringthe Vietnam War.

Front 47

1. “first wave” vs. “second wave” of Vietnamese Refugees

Back 47

First waves usually spend a short time inthe camps before being relocated. Largely from elite or middle-classbackgrounds, they came with education, some English or French fluency, jobskills, and previous contact with Americans. Second waves were primarily fromrural areas. They were generally less educated, came with fewer economicresources, and marketable job skills. When they arrived, there were fewerprograms available to assist them and federal funds have been reduced. style-PN

Front 48

1. Refugee Act of 1980<

Back 48

It affirmed the US’s commitment tohumanitarianism, but also restricted the number of refugees admitted into thecountry and imposed new regulations on where they would be resettled and howthey would be integrated into the country. Pm

Front 49

1. 1982 Amerasian Immigration Act

Back 49

Enabled children of US servicemen toemigrate, but did not include Vietnamese. r-posite

Front 50

1. Olga Zoltai and the “Hmong capital of the world”

Back 50

Olga herself was a Hungarian refugee. Shetook charge of the resettlement program and welcomed the first Hmong family tothe Twin Cities. (Minnesota) evel-nm

Front 51

1. The context of “secondary migration”

Back 51

Didn’t like one place, move to a differentplace. Elite families. leg

Front 52

1. Naturalization Act of 2000>

Back 52

Children of parents that are born citizensor are naturalized gain citizenship as well if they are under 18 years old. 25in;}a

Front 53

1. “flexible citizens”>>

Back 53

Elite families choosing where to live andwhen they want. ne;f

Front 54

1. “Parachute kids”>

Back 54

Live alone by themselves (Parentless) orwith caretakers (Super rich) to attend elementary, middle, and high school.Majority were from Taiwan largely living in southern California. evel-taV

Front 55

1. “Transnational Mothers”

Back 55

Filipino women. (Maid, medical workers,etc.) x

Front 56

1. Asian Latinos and “latinidad”\

Back 56

They were Asians from Latin America whocame to the US. They want to honor and express both their Asian and Latinoheritages in the US. {msol

Front 57

1. The role of Korean American Churches

Back 57

It was the first center of Koreanimmigrant society and nationalist politics. It not only served as a place tomeet, worship, and retain the Korean language; they also served as centers forpolitical activities. o-levelU

Front 58

1. Syngman Rhee->

Back 58

Led the Korean Provisional Government. Iteventually lay the foundation for the formation of the Republic of Korea in1948. (South Korea) elo

Front 59

1. Dimas Alang->

Back 59

It was a Filipino fraternal organization. m{

Front 60

1. Three principle ways Asian immigrants fought againstoppressionH}

Back 60

Strike, litigation, homeland liberation. -levelx

Front 61

1. Ghadar Party

Back 61

Fought for Indian Independence againstBritish rule. It explicitly advocated revolution, by violent means ifnecessary. list n

Front 62

1. Social lives of Chinese and Korean immigrant women>

Back 62

Participated in politics. ha-loz

Front 63

1. 1922 Cable Act

Back 63

If a woman married someone who is unableto get a citizenship, they lose their citizenship as well. xtc

Front 64

1. 1945 War Brides Act

Back 64

It permitted citizen members of themilitary to bring their foreign-born spouses and minor children into the USoutside of the 105 quota. It increased the immigration of Asian women to theUS. taV

Front 65

1. 1953 Refugee Act>

Back 65

Admission of immigrants to the US fromChina which was a communist country. US was looking for highly skilledprofessionals and students. elo

Front 66

1. Looking Like the Enemy

Back 66

The film explores the predicaments facedby American soldiers of Asian descent. -numbd