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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the gametes before fertilisation? |
Egg and sperm cell are both haploid |
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Information in a DNA strand can be transcribed to make a strand of mRNA Describe how this mRNA strand is then used to make proteins |
1) process by translation 2) mRNA leaves the nucleus and enters the cytoplasm 3)mRNA is then joined into the ribosomes 4)tRNA carries amino acids |
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What is the structure of DNA? |
1) double helix 2) complementary bases A&T C&G 3) bases joined by strand held together by hydrogen bonds |
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describe how the two strands of DNA molecule are linked together |
1)hydrogen bonds 2) the bonds are between complementary base pairs |
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what is code for the DNA strand G G C T A G T T G |
C C A T C A A C |
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What is maximum amount of amino acids coded for this DNA strand? |
3 |
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where is the structure where translation occurs? |
ribosome |
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what is the name of the type of cell division that occurs in plants? |
mitosis |
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what are benefits of asexual reproduction? |
it takes less time its cheaper as the plants don't run out characteristics inherited are clones |
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what is the purpose of grinding the strawberry in the soapy water? |
to break down and release cell contents |
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what is the purpose of pouring ice cold ethanol into the strawberry filtrate? |
separate DNA from other components |
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how does a section of DNA determine the structure of the protein? |
1) Gene codes for protein and sequence of bases determines the sequence of amino acids 2) one triplet codes for one amino acids several amino acids make up a protein 3) detail of transcription 4) detail of translation |
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transcription |
RNA polymerase is the enzyme involved in joining together RNA nucleotides to make mRNA happens in the nucleus |
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translation |
when mRN is bound to a ribosome so the protein can be assembled happens in the cytoplasm tRNA carries amino acid to the ribosome |
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Chromosome |
A long cooked up molecule of DNA which carries genes |
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Gene |
A short section of DNA which contains instructions needed to make a specific protein |
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Genotype |
What alleles you have e.g Tt |
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Genotype |
What alleles you have e.g Tt |
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Phenotype |
The characteristics you have e.g blue eyes |
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Gamete |
A sex cell |
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Zygote |
The diploid cell formed when two gametes fuse at fertilisation |
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Role of mRNA in transcription |
Carries the code found in DNA from cell nucleus to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm |
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tRNA in translation |
Brings amino acids to the ribosome for assembly of the protein |
