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85 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is a monsoon and what is the monsoon cycle like
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seasonal wind that dominates the climate of S Asia
wet monsoon is in the spring---temps go up and rain rain rain rain rain rain rain! winds bring moisture from the bay of bengal dry monsoon-- in the fall/winter wind brings moisture from the land back to the bay of bengal--- not a lot of rain mild temp clear skies low humidity |
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why are monsoons important
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important for farmers-- duh the plants need water
monsoons influence culture and art |
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why are monsoons sometimes disastrous
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they can flood the land--- destroy buildings and crops etc
Bangladesh often floods b/c the majority of Bangladesh lives near the delta (b/c of fertile soil) and the rivers often flood during monsoons |
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what is the difference between a cyclone a typhoon and a hurricane
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the place of origin
cyclone-- indian ocean typhoon--- pacific ocean hurricane---atlantic ocean |
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what is a cyclone
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similar to a hurricane
big waves wash away buildings and houses strong strong winds and lots and lots of rain |
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why is the vegetation in India so diverse? (there are rain forests, temperate areas, and deserts in India)
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b/c monsoons and monsoon seasons vary throughout India-- where there are less monsoons there are deserts--- where there are more monsoons there are rain forests
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what is a rain shadow
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when one side of a mountain gets much more rain than the other side of the mountain
ex- the Deccan plateau is drier than the coastal plains ((they are separated by a mountain chain)) |
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how do mountains affect rainfall
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winds from the seas blow to the mountains which releases cool moisture
so countries like Bhutan which are located near the mountains receive a LOT of rainfall |
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what is the climate like in S Asia
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tropical most of the time and around the mountains it is cold
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what is irrigation
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a way to spread water around to water all the crops in all the farms (CIVILIZATION!!!)))
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what are some natural resources found in India and what are some natural resources that are needed but not found in India
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found--- iron ore copper coal
not found-- NOT A LOT OF OIL so India must use nuclear power |
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how many ppl live in S Asia
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1.1 billion
1 out of 5 ppl in the world live in S Asia |
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Dialect
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a regional version of a language with its own words expressions and pronunciations
India has over 700 dialects!!! |
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how big is india compared to the US
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1/3 the size of the US
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Why is the Khyber pass so important
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it is the easiest way to get into S Asia since there is obviously no way a person is going to cross the Himalayas unless ur gonna fly over them
it provides a path through the Hindu Kush-- it is said that Osama Bin Laden escaped to Pakistan through the Khyber Pass--- the Mongols got to India through the Khyber Pass-- etc |
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The khyber pass connects what two countries
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pakistan and India
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what are the three major rivers that cross through the indo gangetic plain
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ganges indus and brahmaputra
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why are rivers so important
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water is the liquid form of God in Hinduism-- religious significance
economically important-- duh farmers water and will settle around river valleys early Indian civilizations settled around in river valleys |
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what is the source of the ganges river
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the himalayas
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what is the most holy river of all in HInduism
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the ganges
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what region takes up most of India
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Deccan plateau
occupies half of India |
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how was siddhartha guatama different than the brahman caste 2500 years ago
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he was a reformer that tried to limit the priest's power-- the brahman claimed to have all the power
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nirvana
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the condition of wanting nothing
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what are the four noble truths in buddhism
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1- suffering is universal
2- the cause of suffering is desire 3- the way to end suffering is the end desire 4- the way to end desire is by following the noble eightfold path |
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what are five countries that buddhism has spread to by 500 AD
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india burma sri lanka malaysia indonesia
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how was buddhism spread
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word of mouth and temples/monestaries
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how are theravada buddhists different from mahayana buddhists
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thereavada buddhists did not worship the buddha and mahayana buddhists worshiped the buddha
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who is the founder of jainism
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mahavira
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why do janists sweep the floor before they walk
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b/c they are strongly against killing anything
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what two religions blend together to create sikhism
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hinduism and islam
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what are the top three religions in the world
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hinduism
islam christianity |
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how old is hinduism
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OLD OLD OLD
5000 years old |
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what is the biggest most important god in hinduism
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brahman
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what is reincarnation
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rebirth of the soul
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what is karma
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belief that every good deed will end in happiness and every bad deed will end in sorrow
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what is dharma
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duties and obligations of all hindus that if fulfilled during a lifetime will end in a person being reincarnated into a higher caste
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what is the goal of hinduism
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to reach nirvana and become one with brahman ((as in your not gonna be reincarnated anymore))
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what are the three main gods that all come together to form Brahman
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vishnu-- preserver
siva--- destroyer brahma--- creator |
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what are hindu temples called
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mandirs
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what is the most sacred hindu text
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the vedas
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hinduism is polytheistic or monotheistic
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monotheistic because there are many gods combined into ONE god
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what is a sect
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a religious group
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what is the order of all the empires from earliest to latest
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maurya
gupta mughal |
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what is a dynasty
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a ruling family
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who founded the maurya empire
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chandragupta maurya
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what land in India did the maurya empire rule
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basically all of india except for the southern tip of the Deccan Plateau
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what is the capital of the maurya empire
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hindu pataliputra
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what are some achievements of the mauyra empire
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the built roads and irrigation systems
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who is asoka and what did he do?when did he exist?
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he existed during the maurya empire rule... he was a buddhist who worked to spread buddhism and peace (this is the point in history when Buddhism was invented)
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what is a buddhist temple called
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a stupa
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why did the maurya empire fall?
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invaders from the north invaded India and Asoka (the ruler) died
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how was india split into two parts after the fall of the maurya empire and the invaders came in
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N india were muslims
S india were dravidians |
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who founded the gupta empire
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chandragupta 1
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what were some achievements of the gupta empire
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(ruled during the golden age)
art murals poems drama invented the concept of zero invented the decimal system could figure out the shape and size of the earth |
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why did the gupta empire fall?
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the huns invaded from the north
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where did the first indians settle down and why did they settle there?
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in the indus river valley
most of them were farmers and so they needed good soil good climate and water duh so they settled near a river and in a river valley |
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what were some achievements of the indus river valley civilization
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had walled cities
had sewer systems had food taxes had merchants had a written language (pictographs) had religion |
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why did the indus river valley civilization decline
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drought killed the crops
flood killed the crops Arians arrived and pushed the people who lived in the indus river valley to live in the Deccan plateau |
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sanskrit language
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links to Hinduism-- the vedas is written in sanskrit language
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what were some accomplishments of the arians
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they helped influence hinduism b/c they had polytheistic beliefs
The vedas was written brought the idea of herding cattle |
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what is a rajah
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a kind of chief who rules a village
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what are the four social classes of the caste system
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priests
warriors landowners peasants |
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when was delhi set up and who set up delhi
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the muslims set up delhi as the capital in the mid 600 AD
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why were a lot of hindus converting to islam during the time of muslim expansion into india
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b/c the muslims who ruled India made the hindus pay taxes and Hindus could not hold positions in the government
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who and what did sultan firuz tughlak do?
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he was a sultan who built 30 colleges 50 dams and 100 hospitals
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who was the ruler of the muslims
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sultan firuz tughlak
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why did the muslims lose their power
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b/c sultan firuz tughlak died
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who founded the mughal empire
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a mongol named Babur
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what is urdu
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language that is a mix of persian and hindi in arabic script
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who was akbar and what did he do
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he was a mongol and ruled the mughal empire for a while
he married a hindu and worked to create peace between Mongols and Hindus and to unite the two very different people abolished the hindu tax gave hindus jobs in the government |
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what were some achievements during the mughal empire
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paintings and portraits
music adapted from the persians Taj mahal is built |
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who built the taj mahal
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Shah Jahan
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why did the mughal empire fall?
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"wasteful spending"
ppl began to discriminate the HIndus again civil war broke out EUROPEANS STARTED TO INVADE INDIA |
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what is kashmir
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an important piece of land that india and pakistan have been fighting over forever
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East India Trading Company
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- An important trading company that established an important trade route between India and Great Britain and other European countries to provide rice silk spices tea and jewels
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Robert Clive
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an administrator of the East India Trading Company
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Sepoy Rebellion
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- Indians who were forced to fight for the British in WWI revolted against the British b/c they heard that their guns were greased with pork oil and they feared they would lose their place in their caste if they fought in foreign countries
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. Indian National Congress
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A group of Indians that worked towards change and freedom from British ideas and the British efforts to change Indian culture
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. Muslim League
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Leader was Muhammad Ali Jinnah--- the muslim league promoted the idea that India should be separated into two separate continents (one half for Hindus and one half for Muslims)
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Salt March
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lead by Ghandi--- was organized to protest the salt tax-- ghandi was jailed but the tax was repealed
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"Quit India" plan
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launched by the Indian National Congress which protested for complete independence from the british
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who was the empress of India
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queen victoria
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moksha
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freeing of the soul from the body so the soul can unite with brahman
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what is a mughal
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a MUSLIM RULER IN INDIA
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Mahatma
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a person of special holiness
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