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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Indus River Valley
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- built several large cities and many villages
-> Mohenho-Daro and Harappa - contained large public buildings, homes, and shops / made of brick -had paved streets and sewers - Faming was main activity, also traded with people form the middle east -Skilled craftsmen made bronze tools, gold and silver jewelry, and fine pottery |
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The Aryans
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- groups of warriors and herders form central Asia
- invaded indus rover valley for land, labor, slaves, wealth, and power - the warriors settled on farms, built villages, and founded great cities - Developed spoke a language called Sanskirt, and a system of writting |
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The Aryan Caste system
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(racial physical features could put you into a certain caste) which dived people into four major groups called castes and made strict rules for the living. A person was born into a caste and could not leave except in rare occasions. Certain types of jobs where reserved for certain caste.
- Brahmom= highest class included priest and scholars - The sudra= landowning farmers, merchants, craft workers - untouchables= performed least respected jobs, not even included in the caste system, also not allowed to associate with caste members |
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Hinduism
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- Developed in India
- Reflects Aryan beliefs and practices - Vedas are the sacred text - Brahma (the world soul) is the most important god. - Complete peace and happiness will come when a persons's sold is united with Brahma - Believe in reincarnation, being reborn as a animal or another human being - what you come back as is based on karma- or the energy formed from the good and bad done in a person's life - Darma is the fact we are bound in a caste. We must do our duty to society - If you do your duty (darma) and live a good life (karma) you will achieve unity with the Brahman |
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Buddhism
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- Developed in India
- Grew out of the teachings of Siddhartha Gutama - Buddha taught that one must live a life based on good conduct, serious thinking, and a willingness to give up pleasures of the body. By following these teachings, one can avoid reincarnation and enter nirvana or when ones soul is in perfect peace |
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The Four nobel Truths (Buddhism)
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1. All human life is filled with pain and sorrow
2. Pain and sorrow is caused by the desire for pleasure and possessions 3. By giving up all desires, a person may be free frodm pain. The soul reaches nirvana. Nirvana means perfect peace. 4. Nirvana may be reached by following the Middle way (follow the 8 nobel truths) |
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8 Fold Path
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1. Know truth
2. Resists evil 3. Do not say or do anything that could hurt others 4. Respect life property, morality 5. Work at a profession that does good 6. Free your mind form evil 7. Control your feelings and thoughts 8. practice meditation and concentration |
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Shang
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- About 1750 B.C. the first of the Shang rulers came to power ing the Hwang Ho Valley.
- Ruled CHina for 700 years - Tools and weapons mad of bronze gave the Shang power and wealth - developed written language called calligraphy - Rapin advancements in te Shang Dynasty include • improving methods of casting bronze • Artisans learned to make kaolin a fine white clay used to make pottery • They also learned to raise silk worms and weave silk cloth - The Shang built large palaces, government buildings, religious shrines - Overthrown in 1028 B.C. - King was a political and religious leader |
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Chou
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- Chou rule lasted about 800 years, from 1028 - 256
Expanded middle class, more people with skills Potters weavers carvers sewers leatherworkers People began to work with iron Money began to appear, trade expanded making dynasty more prosperous King -Religious and political leader rules form a mandate form heaven Looked as as a god Believe that there is a connection between a ruler in earth and heaven Also believe the ruler has a responsibility to the people, if he taxes people to much the people can overthrow him. -more skilled workers fewer peasants -merit based on what you know opposed to who you know |
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Confucianism
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- Taught that ideal way of life could be reached through self control and proper conduct
- " do not do onto others what you do not want them to do to you" - Text = the Analects - Respect for tradition and the ways of the past was an important part of Confucius teachings, This caused the Chinese to dislike sharp changes in their way of life |
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Taoism
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- taught by Lao-Tzu
- Urged people to live simply and in harmony with nature in order to learn the true meaning of life - People should take no action to change what happens to them, even when insulted or injured by others - Those who follow the Way, or the Tao will find inner peace - Confucianism stressed importance of good government, Taoism thought people were better off with as little government as possible. |
