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163 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Congress of Vienna
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5 Great Powers, prevent French Expansion, stability, peace, accomplish conservatisim, legitimacy, balance of power
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Metternich
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invites Great Powers to Vienna, Austria; chief imperial minister of Hapsburg until exile
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Castlereagh
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G. Britian Prime Minister at Congress of Vienna; Treaty of Chaumont; restoration of the Bourbons
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Talleyrand
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French foreign minister at Congress of Vienna; Napoleon's chief minister-treason; secret treaty
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Louis 18 of France
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Louis 16 younger brother; busy partying while Talleyrand did the work
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chartism
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all men should have the right to vote in a just society; working-class political movement
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liberalism
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opposed Metternich's "Concert of Europe" bc only for wealthy; believes in constitutions, basic rights, free markets, limited gov't interference
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Tsar Alexander I
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Russia's Great Power at Congress of Vienna
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Austrian Hapsburg Dynasty
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Catholic family that rules Austria; Austria loses to Prussia so #2 now
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Ottoman Empire
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"the sick man of Europe"; war for Greek independence; when falls apart hurts Turkish Empire; Eastern Question
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Revolution of 1830
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Charles I takes France, not liberal enough so overthrown; French Regime
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Revolution of 1848
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fails, results in conservative Europe
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Delacroix: "Liberty Leading the People"
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painting; proletariot will win over bourgeoisie
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Holy Roman Empire
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German Empire; medieval assoc. of German states before destroyed by Napoleon I
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Confederacy of Rhine
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assoc. of German states during Napoleonic era
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Conservatism
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Congress of Vienna; return to old way of life, way Europe used to be before Napoleon
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Legitimacy
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legitimate monarchs; old government rulers
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Balance of Power
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just be neighbors; don't want to be threatened
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Tsar Nicholas I
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After Alexander; very conservative; Russian gov't suppress any amount of liberalism
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The Decembrist Revolt
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Russian armies asked to take oath of allegiance but refused, many killed or exiled; crush any amount of liberalism
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Great Reform Bill
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Great Britain; expansion of electorate to include a wider variety of classes to support everyone
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The Irish Question
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Britain had control of Ireland but Irish nationalists want home rule so want Britain out and independence; Irish win
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Catholic Emancipation
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grant of full political rights to Roman Catholics; now become members of Parliament; end monopoly of Church of England
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Radicalism
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opposed Metternich's Concert of Europe; 2 types: socialists-share the wealth and anarchists- terrorists who think gov't stifles ppl
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Crimean War
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Russia vs. Ottoman Empire; shattered image of invincible Russia
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Napoleon III
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Louis Napoleon Bonaparte (nephew); President of France, then emperor; popular and progressive; New Paris; Champs Elysees' lost in Prussian war badly to William I bc tricked into war by Bismark; had to offer sword up; ruler of France's 2nd empire until forced to abdicate
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Empress Eugenie
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wife of Napoleon III; wanted son
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Imperial Dining Room at the Louvre
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fancy palace that Napoleon III and Empress Eugenie stayed at
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Paris Commune
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executions of to 1200 in city jails; common criminals-counterrevolutionaries; beginning of Marxist Revolution; end of 2nd empire
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anti-semitism
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hatred towards Jews
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create a Jewish state; important docrine/belief; Theodore Herzl
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Zionism
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Austro-Hungarian Empire
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compromise of Austria and Hungary; dual monarchy; merger; Budapest=Vienna
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merger of Austria and Hungary
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Ausgleich
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founder of Zionism; state can't protect Jews; The Jewish State-book
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Theodor Herzl
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Prussian minister at Congress of Vienna
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Otto Von Bismark
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Asked to raise money by Willaim I for army
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Bismark
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tough and not one to give ground of important issues; rebels against Prussian Parliament (the Diet) taxes
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Bismark
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Prussian Parliament also known as
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the Diet
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pursued war against Austria while in process of German unification
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Bismark
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after Bismark's control this state becomes number 1
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Prussia
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this city sets the rules of imperial authority in Africa
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Berlin
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Prussian dynasty family name
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Hohenzollern
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William I proclaimed/coronated as German emperor here
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Versailles
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French lost this to Germans after Franco-Prussian War; goes back and forth; German culture tho, on border
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Alsace-Lorraine
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held at St.Paul's Church to meet about Austrian/Prussian conflict
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Frankfurt Assembly
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"small Germany"-argument set up by Bismark; Austria excluded
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Kleindeutsch
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1st German Emperor; Prussia's big army; let Bismark run the show
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William I, the Keiser
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Franco-Prussian War
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Bismark made it appear William I insulted Napoleon III to incite war; France declared war but lost; Napoleon gives up sword to William I
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better society where people work together; founded by Robert Owen
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utopian socialism
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Robert Owen's 1st successful attempt at utopian socialism; cotton mill city; corrupt and poor
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New Lanark, Scotland
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site of utopian socialism that failed bc not everyone would do fair share; greatest utopian effort
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New Harmony, IN
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followers believe poverty and crime could be controlled by est. a good living/working environment
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utopian socialism, Robert Owen
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est. by Marx and Engels that life is a struggle between poor and wealthy, have and have nots
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scientific socialism
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wrote Communist Manifesto
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Marx and Engels
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Marx's sugardaddy and educator on industry
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Engels
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history is a result of a class conflict, inevitable triumph of proletariot
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marxism
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meaning of history and life is struggle for littl epeople
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dialectual materialism
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"Iron Law of Wages" is significant to Marx bc indicates that:
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workers have no hope in economic system
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place where Owen made fortune in textiles
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New Lanark, Scotland
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father of Evolution
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Darwin
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deliberate and conscious attempts of bourgeoisie to steal from the proletariot the true value of their labor, leaving them in poverty
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Theory of Surplus Value, Marx
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leading Russian anarchist, hated by Marx
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Michael Bakunin
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violent, terrorists, destory system before it's ripe. fight against oppression
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anarchism
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makes bourgeousie lose money and led by anarchists; proletariot refuse to work
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The General Strike
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constant class struggle bc of economic issues
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Bourg vs Prolet
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class intellectuals will educate proletariot about their oppression, they will them become hostile and take over
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Class Consciousness and Hostility
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temporary dictatorship after bourgeouisie liquidated
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dictatorship of the proletariot
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leader of marxist revisionism
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Bernstein
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Marxism should be updated/revised
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Marxist Revisionism
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legal protections were extended to unions; to improve wages and working conditions of workers
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trade unionism
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German political party that said capitalism was doomed and socialism needed
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Social Democrats
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German socialists should achieve socialism through evolution not revolution
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Revisionism
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rejected by France and Congress; Cabinet participation by socialists
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opportunism
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British socialists who sought to achieve socialism through gradual, peaceful means, rational
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Fabianism
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independent party that fought for wages to meet rising cost of living; not effective
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British Labour Party
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rise of the Euro, Am., and Japanese Empires; voluntary/expensive
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New Imperialism
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reformers in America; not liberalists; thought bosses were "robbing" the city from making it better
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The American Progressives
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racial superiority where white Euro could take non white ppl under their control
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Social Darwinism
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father of social darwinism
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Herbert Spencer
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nations that are strong and powerful will rule over others; either we prevail or we die; took inferior people and "improved" them
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social darwinism
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darwin idea that the strongest survive and the weakest die
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The Survival of the Fittest
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condemned imperialism as unfair to workers
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Hobson
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socialist, wrote Imperialism, A Study;
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Hobson
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doesn't believe Britain should spend money on empire but rather on helping poor ppl
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Hobson
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Father of the Soviet Union
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Lenin
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believed in orthodox Marxism
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Lenin
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refers to European and Am. opportunities to "help" Africans, Asians, and others
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White Man's Burden (Rudyard Kipling)
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Imperialist powers
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G. Britain, France, Japan, Austria-Hungary, Russia, Germany, Belgium, Netherlands, US, Italy
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everyone other than US has got to have a piece of Africa
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The Colonial "Scramble for Africa"
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place where the King who choked the life out of the Congo was from
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Belgium
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The King of the Belgians and the Congo
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King Leopold II
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greedy King who treated the Congo horribly, no morals
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King Leopold II
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famous missionary who left for Africa and not heard from for years
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Dr. David Livingstone
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newspaper writer who wanted "the" article so went to Africa to find Livingston
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Henry Stanley
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famous line by Stanley
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"Dr.Livingston, I presume?"
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the publicist who made a deal with the Belgians
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Stanley
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British imperialist in Africa
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Cecil Rhodes
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queen of G.Britain and Empress of India
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Queen Victoria
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united India
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Britain
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agrees with Disraelis purchase of the Suez Canal
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Queen Victoria
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lifeline to India
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Suez Canal
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British prime minister
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Disraeli
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Today's Thailand
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Siam
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served as a buffer state btwn Britain and France in Asia
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Siam
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Two Countries involved in Battle of Adowa
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Italy and Ethiopia
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served as a buffer state btwn Britain and France in Asia
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Siam
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today's Thailand
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Siam
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countries who fought in the Battle of Adowa
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Italy and Ethiopia
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Emperor who won for Ethiopia at the Battle of Adowa
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Emperor Menelik II
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Ethiopians creamed Italians at this battle bc Italians were trying to conquer-embarrassed
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Battle of Adowa
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when Britain and France almost got into a war except France backed down- this land aint big enough for the both of us
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The Fashoda Crisis
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country with close ties to America; founded by freed Am. slaves; returned to Africa and est. nation where could be free; beneficiary of America for long time
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Liberia
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city in Liberia named after President Monroe
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Monrovia
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King and Founder of Lesotho
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Mosheshwe
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defended ppl fromt the Zulu and held of Afrikaners, missionaries, and British
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Mosheshwe
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migration of Boers north to est. their own independent republics
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Great Trek
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Boer pioneers
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voortrekkers
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following Boer vs Britain war, this country united
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South Africa
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Dutch, simle folk, today's Afrikaners, follow God's rules
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Boers
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place that British wanted from Boers bc it's a "gold mine"
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Cape Town
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Boer President
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Paul Kruger
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war fought over shipments of Opium sent to China from Britain
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1st Opium War
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once Britain win 1st opium war, demand that China:
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must accept all opium shipments
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the war when France and other join Britain vs China bc trade didn't grow; brings an end to Chinese independence
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2nd opium war
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grandmother of Pu Yi
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Empress Dowager Tzu-Hsi
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controls gov't through Pu Yi; has power; false reality
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Tzu-Hsi
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Chinese gov't that's hard to take over but too weak to govern effectively
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Manchu (Qing) Dynasty
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last chinese emperor
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Pu Yi
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chinese ports ruled by foreign consuls w/ commercial privileges and immunity from Chinese laws
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treaty ports
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agreements imposed on China by Europe, US, Japan that granted their citizens special legal and economic privileges on Chinese soil
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unequal treaties
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treaty of Nanking first one of these
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unequal treaties
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given to British through the treaty of Nanking
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Hong Kong
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China's Nationalist party that was dedicated to American like principles
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Kuomintang
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founder of Kuomintang
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Sun Yat-Sen
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revolt of Chinese ppl against their own gov't, the Manchu dynasty
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Taiping Rebellion
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tributary of China that Japan won from China
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Korea
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nationalistic Chinese religions society that attacked foreigners in China
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Boxer Rebellion
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demonstration of the resentment of the Chinese at Western domination
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Boxer Rebellion
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American policy that doesn't think China should be split up so gives all of imperial powers equal access to Chinese trade and commerce
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Open Door Policy
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Chinese Empire becomes:
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Chinese Republic
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literal transformation of Japan to make it more western on the outside and to open up after so many years and for the emperor to return
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Meiji Restoration
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Meiji is an
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emperor
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what caused Japan to open its eyes
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Perry mission from US
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Chinese revolutionary officer that unified China internally thru military force
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Chiang Kai-Shek
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period of freedom and experimentation with new Chinese doctrines-started with protest and changed though
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May Fourth Movement
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last dynasty of the Chinese Empire
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Manchu (Qing) Dynasty
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Japanese held special rights here since Russo-Japanese War-growing authority here as a result
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Manchuria
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Pu Yi returns here after abdication
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Manchuria
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familes of Shoguns, military leaders; Japan
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Tokugawa
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military rule in Japan
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Shogunate
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from US, visits Japan and opens them up from isolation
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Commodore Perry
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war that alert Japan crushed traditional China in and wins Korea
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Sino-Japanese War
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Sino means
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Chinese
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Dutch East Endies
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Now Indoneia, lots of islands
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Japanese think they cna take on Russians now, pivotal war, beat Russia to a pulp
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Russo-Japanese War
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After Russo-Japanese War, Japan had a growing authority in these 2 countries
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Manchuria and Korea
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After Russo-Japanese War, weaponry/techniques:
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were studied for future, larger wars
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1st war to be photographically covered
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Russo-Japanese War
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dress rehearsal for WWI
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Russo-Japanese War
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ended Russo-Japanese war by meeting through intervention
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Treaty of Portsmouth (NH)
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person who invited Russia and Japan to Portsmouth
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Teddy Roosevelt
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didn't want to see Russia destroyed bc afraid of the "Yellow Peril"
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Teddy Roosevelt
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won Nobel Peace Prize for Treaty of Portsmouth
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Teddy Roosevelt
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