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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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13th Amendment
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The amendment officially abolished, and continues to prohibit slavery. The Civil War had destroyed the institution, but now this amendment abolished it.
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Freedmen's Bureau
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Temporary Reconstruction agency established to protect the legal rights of former slaves and assist them with thei reducation, jobs, heath care, and landowning.
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Black Codes (1865-66)
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Laws designed to control African-Americans and keep them as 2nd class citizens.
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Thaddeus Steves
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Leader of the Radical Republicans and Speaker of the House. He aruged that secession had been successful, and therefore the Confederate states had to be treated as conquered provinces.
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Radical Republicans
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A faction of teh Republican Party in Congress led by Thaddeus Stevens. They believed in harsh treatment for the South, racial equality, universal male sufferage, and tight control over the former Confederate states after the war.
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Freedmen's Bureau Act (1866)
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In the Bill renewing the Freemen's Bureau, Congress added an amendment saying that trials of African Americans would take place in a military court. AJ vetoed this saying that the country wasn't at war -> military court was unconstitutional. Congress overrode AJ with a 2/3 majority. This caused the break between Johnson and Congress.
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Civil Rights Bill (1866)
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Created in response to Black Codes. The bill guaranteed the rights of citizenship to freedmen. It granted African Americans born in the country citizenship. It grated them equal protection under the law. AJ vetoes this bill and Congress overrides him again.
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14th Amendment (1868)
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Congress passed this amendment to make the stipulations of the Civil Rights Bill permanent. It defined citizenship, nullified the Confederate war debts, and established due process of law.
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Military Reconstruction Act (1867)
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Established military governments in ten Confederate states and created frive military districts, erasing AJ's provisional governments. Each district was run by a general and subject to martial law. The states were required to ratify the 14th amendment before they would be allowed to rejoin the Union.
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Carpetbaggers
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Northern emigrants who participated in the Republican governments and Reconstruction in the South.
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Scalawags
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The Carpetbaggers' southern counterparts; southerners who had remained loyal to the Union. Participated with the Carpetbaggers in the Radical state governments established during this period.
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Klu Klux Klan
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A group organized to terrorize former slaves who voted and held political offics during Reconstruction. Tried to prevent freedment from voting. Helped to bring the Bourbon Redeemers into power.
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15th Amendment
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Granted African-Americans the right to vote. The southern leislatures also had to ratify this amendment before military rule would end.
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Bourbon Redeemers
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Native, White, upper-class southern Democrats. The name Bourbon refers to royalty (the French House of Bourbon). They are called redeemers because they saved the South from the evils of radical Reconstruction.
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Jim Crow Laws
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Named after Jim Crow, a White man who would dress up as a Black man and perform on riverboats. These post-Reconstruction laws revoked civil rights for freedmen and made segregation legal.
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