History Test 1

Front 1

Define the mercantilist economic policy.

Back 1

The policy used to enrich the country of Britain by restraining imports and encouraging exports.

The goal of this policy was to achieve a "favorable" balance of trade that would bring gold and silver into the country and also to maintaind domestic employment.

Front 2

How did the Navigation Acts used to support mercantilism?

Back 2

Navigation Acts force merchants to sell only to other merchants in that country.

Front 3

What are the Coercive Acts?

Back 3

The Coercive Acts force Massachusetts to pay for the tea that they threw into the harbor and to submit to imperial authority.

Front 4

What is the South Atlantic System?

Back 4

The South Atlantic System produced sugar, tobacco, rice, and other subtropical products for an international market.

There were also thousands of enslaved Africans.

European merchants, investors, and planters profited greatly from this system.

Front 5

What was the Enlightenment?

Back 5

The Enlightenment was a scientific revolution that challenged both folk and traditional Christian worldviews.

Front 6

Who was John Locke?

Back 6

John Locke was a major contributer to the Enlightenment. He argues that everyone has divine right.

In Locke's view, the people should have the power to change government policies--or even form their own government.

Front 7

What was pietism?

Back 7

Pietism was an evangelical movement fixed on an individual's personal relationship with God.

Front 8

What was salutary neglect?

Back 8

Salutary neglect was Britain's unoffical policy, initiated by Prime Minister Robert Walpole, to relax the enforcement of strict regulations, especially tax laws.

Front 9

What was Bacon's Rebellion?

Back 9

Yeomen and poor white men go up against the planters of society.

The results:
Indentured servants were limited.
Chattel slavery was legalized.

Front 10

What was Shay's Rebellion?

Back 10

Daniel Shay is the leader of this rebellion which is a battle between land owners and those who are in debt (farmers).

Shay's Rebellion suggested that the costs of the war and fruits of independence were not being shared evenly.

Front 11

What was the Treaty of Paris?

Back 11

The Treaty of Paris ended the Seven Years War and stated that Great Britain would have dominant control over North America.

Front 12

Explain the Great War for Empire.

Back 12

The Seven Years War (1756) was fought to determine who would have dominant control over North America.

The Treaty of Paris of 1763 was signed saying that Great Britain would have dominant control.

The Proclamation of 1763 was issued prohibiting white settlements west of the Appalachians, which was Native American territory.

Front 13

Which 3 French men greatly contributed to the path to American victory?

Back 13

Lafayette - works at any capacity; becomes general

Rochambeau

De Grasse - plays pivotal role at the end of the war

Front 14

What battle encouraged the French to become allies with America?

Back 14

Battle of Saratoga

Front 15

What were the Articles of Confederation?

Back 15

There was a limited central government.

Each state had one vote regardless of its population or wealth.

Important laws needed the approval of at least 9 of the 13 states, and changes to the Articles required approval of every state.

There was neither and executive nor a judiciary.

Front 16

Explain Hamilton's policies of redemption and assumption.

Back 16

He felt that the United States needed good credit. He asked Congress to redeem $55 million in securities by the Confederation that were held by foreign and domestic investors and speculators.

Hamilton then proposed that the national government enhance the public credit by assuming the war debts of the states ($22 million).

Both plans favored wealthy creditors.

Front 17

What was Hamilton's vision of the future?

Back 17

Hamilton's vision was a modern one, driven by finance and business.

Front 18

What was Jefferson's vision of the future?

Back 18

Jefferson had an agrarian vision for the future, driven toward owning independent land and being farmers. Jefferson's vision was favored during that time.

Front 19

What was the Commonwealth System?

Back 19

American state legislaturers passed measures that their members thought would be "of great public utility" and increase the "common wealth".

For example, most transportation charters included the valuable power of eminent domain, which allowed turnpike, bridge, and canal corporations to force the sale of privately owend land among their routes.

This system was supported by those who wanted to make money, such as merchants and voters.

Front 20

What was the Missouri Compromise?

Back 20

The Missouri Compromise prohibited slavery north of the Missouri Compromise line (36* 30' north latitude) with the exception of the state of Missouri.

Front 21

What was the "corrupt bargain"?

Back 21

In the election of 1824, no candidate received a majority of the electoral votes. Andrew Jackson led with 99 votes; John Quincy Adams had 84; William Harris Crawford followed with 41 and Henry Clay was in last with 37.

Under the 12th amendment, the House of Representatives had to choose a president from the top 3 candidates. John Quincy Adams was elected by the House who then made Henry Clay Secretary of State.

Front 22

What was Andrew Jackson's policy regarding Native Americans?

Back 22

Andrew Jackson wanted the Native Americans removed.

He pushed the Indian Removal Act of 1830 through Congress. The act granted money and land in present-day Oklahoma and Kansas to Native Americans who would give up their ancestral holdings.

Front 23

What was the Seneca Falls Convention of 1848?

Back 23

Seventy women and thirty women attended this gathering organized by Elizabeth Cady Stantn and Lucretia Mott, which issued a rousing manifesto for women's equality.

Front 24

What was the most notable point made in Thoughts on Government?

Back 24

John Adams sketches three branches of government in this document: executive, legislative, and judicial.

Front 25

Who wrote the Federalist Papers and what was its purpose?

Back 25

James Madison wrote the Federalist Papers to persuade individuals to support the Constitution.