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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Custer's Last Stand
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-Gearge A. Custer
-Tryed to take NA territory, but got crushed by Sitting Bull. Custer and all troops died -1876 -Black Hills -He thought there was gold in the area -Last real victory for NAs before they died out |
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Battle of Wounded Knee
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-Custer's old people, Sioux
-Tried to round of NAs and take weapons, broke out in shooting, 300 NAs killed -1890 -South Dakota -The ghost dance scared white people -All NAs on reservations by gov. |
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Exodusters
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-African-American
-AA's who moved from the post-Reconstruction South to Kansas were called this, claimed land by races -1862 and on -West -Homestead Act=160 acres of free land to head of household -Settlement in West |
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Bonanza Farms
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-Railroad companies and investors
-Singe-crop spreads, cash crop -1870s -Farms -Machinery was expensive, and farmers had to take loans to get it. They created this system to re-pay these loans -Went into bankruptcy, end of open range |
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The Grange
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-Oliver Hudson Kelley
-Organization that first started to provide a social outlet for farm families, but become anti-railroad. "Granger Laws"=gov limit big business -1867 -USA -To push for reforms, and to get farmers political power -Political rise of the farmerFarmer |
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Farmer's Alliance
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-From the Grange
-Group that sympathized with farmers, educated many ppl about loans and gov -1870s -USA -To bring farmers together for political power and to educate them -Farmers gained political power |
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Bessemer Process
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-Henry Bessemer
-Injected air into iron to remove the carbon and other impurities -1850 -USA -The materials to make steel were available, all they needed was a cheap manufactoring process -Manufacture of steel and iron cheaper and more efficient |
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Credit Mobilier
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-Stockholders in Union Pacific RR
-Gave company a contract at 2 or 3 times actual price and pocketed the profits -1864 -USA -To make more money -The reputation of the Republican Party was tarnished (even though the ppl kept the profits and had minimal punishment) |
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Munn v. Illinois
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-Supreme Court
-Upheld Granger Laws, states won the right to regulate RR -1877 -Illinois -To protect consumers and farmers -Gave fed gov right to regulate private business to serve the public interest |
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Vertical/Horizontal Integration
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-Carnegie
-V=bought out his suppliers so no one else could use them. H=competing companies producing similar products merge -Mid to late 1800s -USA -Wanted to gain control of steel industry -Carnegie's company produced the largest portion of the nation's steele |
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Social Darwinism
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-Charles Darwin
-Theory of biological evolution and natural selection. Rich were rich bc they had skills and worked harder -1859 -USA -From Origin of Species -New theory, attitude that poor deserved to be poor |
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Industrial Workers of the World(IWW)
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-Radical unionist and socialist
-Miners, lumberers, welcomed AAs, membership never topped 100,000 -1905 -USA, Chicago -To give dignity to unskilled workers, and to protect worker's rights -A labor union that excepted many groups even though it wasn't very successful |
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Haymarket Affair
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-Workers from Chicago
-Crowd was dispersing when police arrived, a bomb was thrown and police fired -1877 -Chicago -Great Strike encouraged workers to strike -Public began to turn against the labor movement |
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Ellis/Angel Island
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-Immigrants
-Ellis=NY more European, detained for a day or two. Angel=San Fran more Asians, harsh questioning -1890s and on -NY and San Fran -Because people saw how prosporous America was and wanted to live there -Most immigrants came through these islands |
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Chinese Exclusion Act
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-Chinese, Congress
-No more new Chinese immigrants(only teachers, students, merchants, gov officials) -1882 -USA -Fear that Chinese (who accepted lower wages) would steel jobs -No new immigrants until 1943 |
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Social Gospel Movement
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-Christians
-Preached salvation through service to the poor, set up settlement houses to provide education, social services -1800s -USA -Giving to others would help them achieve salvation and become closer to God -Idea of giving to poor and helping poor was good |
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Political Machine
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-Organized group
-Offered services to voters and businesses in exchange for support. Gained control of local govs, used immigrant vote alot -Late 1800s -USA -So politicians could win elections and keep control over towns -Slightly corrupt way for politicians to gain power and win elections |
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Tweed Ring Scandal
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-Boss Tweed
-One project cost tax payers $13 mil, but only cost $3 mil, and Tweed and followers pocketed -1869 -NYC -To gain control and $$ -Tweed was arrested, political corruption became national issue |
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Olmstead Accomplishments
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-Frederick Law Olmstead
-Designed central parks, and other green spaces in urban cities -1857 -NY, other places -Wanted to create a haven inside cities -NY's largest park, and many of his parks are still here today |
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Wright Brothers
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-Orville and Wilbur
-Experimented with new engines to keep a craft in the air. First flight was about 10 sec and 2 ft in air -1903 -Ohio -Wanted to create a flying craft -First flight of an airplane, with a wingspan, and lead to the modern creation of the airplane |
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Niagara Movement
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-W.E.B. Dubois
-The idea that African American's should get liberal arts degrees -1905 -USA -He believed well educated leaders could gain rights and then they could gain the rights for all blacks -A movement to gain basic rights for AAs |
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Jim Crow Laws
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-AAs, anti-Blacks
-Any laws that segregate in public facilities -!870s and on -South -Many pro-slavery people thought they were above black ppl -Cruel laws, lead to lynchings |
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Plessy v. Ferguson
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-Plessy and Ferguson, Supreme C
-Came to conclusion that "seperate but equal" was okay. Segregation legal, if given the same facilities (which never happened) -1896 -Supreme Court -A case brought up to see if Jim Crow Laws and segregation were okay -Lasted for 50 years, solidified segregation in South |
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Debt Peonage
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-Laborers
-A system that bound laborers into slavery in order to work off a debt -until 1911 -USA -So mostly Mexicans, AAs, and poor whites could pay off debts -A version of slavery, was eventaully outlawed by Supreme Court |
