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116 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Explain the miasmatic theory.
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belief people contract disease when they breathe bad odors of decay
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What did Cecil Rhodes monopolize?
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Monopolized the diamond industry and started the "South African War" for Britains imperial campaign
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What did the young turks do?
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Patriots who reformed the administration of the Ottoman empire. Brought way for a modern day secular turkey.
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Who were the janissaries?
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Ottomans weakness and corrupt sultans slave army
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What did Rudyard Kipling write and argue for?
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Wrote Anglo Indian Life and to serve needs of the less civilized
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What was the importance of the second Boer War also referred to as the South African War?
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Fought between the two independent Boer republic against Britain (wanting land and gold) ending in them being part of Britain.
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Why was the Suez canal important?
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played an important role in helping Europe colonization of Africa, serious trade route, and provided jobs for thousands of British workers
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Who held most of Indian territories helped expand agricultural production?
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Dutch East India Company
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Whats important about the Indian National Congress?
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Framed congress after Britain and wanted equality (radicals called for independence)
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What did Lin Zexu do?
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dealt with Chinese opium purchasers and seized Dutch stores against the British
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What did the Treaty of Nanjing declare?
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Ended the Opium War (satisfying neither) and dealt with changing foreign trade (open ports to international trade) between the British and the Qing Dynasty
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What about the Taiping Rebellion?
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Guy claimed he was Jesus younger brother (Heavenly Kingdom of Peace) fought against the corrupt feudal gov of the Qing Dynasty
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What about the Boxer Rebellion?
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It was a secret society (peasantry) against foreign influence In the end China has to accept a list of penalties
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What was Port Arthur?
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Japans foothold in China (courtesy of the Russo-Japanese war)
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Who was Toussaint l'Ouverture?
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He was a freed slave acted as the the first leader of a freed Haiti (against slavery)
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Who was Simon Bolivar?
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Latin American general (head of Peru) led independence movement in South America. Wanted Continental Unica
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What were Coffles?
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group of prisoners chained together
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What about the Emancipation Proclamation?
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Turned civil war from political to a struggle against slavery and free slaves in against slavery
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What was the Spanish American war?
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Battle between Spain and US for Cubas independence.Brought US control over Cuba/ Philippines/ and Puerto Rica
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What were the Bill of Rights?
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1st ten amendments for the constitution (formed an effective safety ward for the individual)(Federalists)
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What about Mary Wollencraft?
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"Vindiction of the rights of man: book-eliminate sexual inequality
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What about Bastille?
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Saved General Assembly! Sansculottes, stormed city feared grain speculators and oppressive landowners
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Who was Maxmillian Robespierre?
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led the mountain group of convention (committee of public safety)
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What was the Great fear?
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Peasants all across France began to uprise against their lords
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What about the Committee of Public safety?
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Tried rebels for political crimes
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What was the Civil Code of 1804?
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Napoleons bargain with the middle class 2 principles: equality of war
absolute security |
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What was Thomas Paine famous for?
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English radicalism wrote "Common Sense"
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What was the Reign of Terror?
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Most controversial (political weapon against the anarchists) struggles between rival factions led to mutual radicalization which took on a violent character with mass executions by the guillotine
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what was the Concordat of 1801?
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Napoleon-(nominate bishops/paid clergy) and Pope (French catholics gained the right to practice religion freely)
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What was the womens march on Versailles?
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Women marched from paris to Versaille and amerged as a major element in the great power over the church
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What was the putting out system?
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merchant capitalists "put out" raw materials for payment "cotton textile industry"
England outweighed its advantages |
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Who was James Watt?
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invented a better engine increasing the efficiency of the steam engine (giving almost unlimited power)
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Who was Thomas Maltus?
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wrote essay on the principle of pop (population would outgrow food supply)
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Who was Freidrich List
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Developed national system government role in industralization in Europe than England "Promote industry was to defend the nation"
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What was the condition of the working class in england?
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Book by Frierich Engels "worse working condition"
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What was "class consciousness"?
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aware of ongoing industrial development widened the gap between themselves and employees
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What was enclosure?
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many peasants who had small holdings had to sell out to pay their expenses
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What were the navigation acts?
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reflected Britain's desire to increase military power and private wealth
restricted the use of foreign shipping in the trade of england TARGET: Dutch |
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What was the seven years war?
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decisive round in the Franco-British competition for colonial empire
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Who was Saint Simon?
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socialist thinker who thought the key to progress is social organization PRO- INDUSTRALIZATION
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Who was Karl Marx?
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wrote Communist Manifesto (Secular Religion)
Supported working class to spark a revolution |
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Who was Charles Fourier?
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Pro-socialism (emancipation of women-the extension of women's rights was the general principle of all social progress
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Who was Victor Hugo?
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Famous Romanticist wrote "Hunchback of Notre Dame"
pro republicanism |
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What were the corn laws?
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restricted foreign grain laws
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Who was Camillo de Cavour?
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statesman sought unity for Sardinia gained North Italian State
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What was "blood and iron" referred to?
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Government would rule without parliamentary consent
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What was the Astro-prussian war?
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Prussians defeated austria
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What was Zionism?
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Jewish political nationalism
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Who was Louis Pasteur?
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invented the Germ Theory and made pasteurization
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Who was Georges Haussman?
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Napoleon placed as planner to "modernize" Paris
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What was bacterial revolution?
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saved millions of lives with aid of public health theories
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Who was Charles Darwin?
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invented evolutionary theory reinforced Marx theorie
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What was Social Darwinism?
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the poor are ill fated the prosperous the chosen the strong
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Who was Sergei Witte?
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minister of finance of Russia got rid of industrial backwardness
Did great things for Russia's economy |
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Who were the Jena six?
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refers to a group of six black teenagers who have been charged with the beating of Justin Barker, a white teenager at Jena (pronunciation: IPA: /ˈdʒiːnə/) High School in Jena, Louisiana, United States, on December 4, 2006. The beating followed a number of racially-charged incidents in the town, notably when three white students hung nooses from a tree at Jena High School following a black student asking if he could sit under the tree.
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What factors were comprised of the first watershed event?
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1. American colonists are upset because Europeans control them
2. Upset over taxation (Sugar, stamp, wine, tea) (colonists came here were fiercely independent) (America was a dumping ground of prisoners) (English colony was already there protecting them) (colonies are part of English part so you are represented) 1. Philosophical Reasons 2. Monetary Reasons |
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What is an Agragarian society?
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colonists
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What did the Sugar Act impose?
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put a tax on coffee,sugar,tea,wine,indigo (British have the right to control ships)
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What did admiralty courts impose?
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Tried by a British judge not by peers
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What did the Quartering act impose?
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colonists had to shelter and feed British Soldiers
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Who was related and what did the Stamp Act do?
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George Grindell (prime minister)- put a special stamp on paper goods
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What did the town shed act do?
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(REPEALED) tax on tea, paint, glass, (stopped wearing wigs, silk, hats)
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What was the declaratory act?
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parliament had the right to bind the colonists in all cases whatsoever
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What did the American colonists do in protest of the unfair taxes?
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Boycotted and made own goods
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Define containment
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U.S. retains communism
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Who was Ho chi Min?
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led the North Vietnamese in the Vietnam War
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What did the Geneva Accords do?
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divided Vietnam on the 17th parallel into north Vietnam (communist/Hanoi) and South Vietnam (Saigon;Anti-communist)
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What did the gulf of tonkin resolution do?
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it gave Lyndon B. Johnson authorization, without a formal declaration of war by Congress, for the use of military force in Southeast Asia.
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What about the Tet offensive?
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North Vietnam strikes saigon (successful) but didn't know who the enemy was
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Who is the president of France?
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Nicolas Sarkozy
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What helped spark the French Revolution?
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Frances population was growing and needed to find a way to feed them
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How was the French economy?
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Left in shambles after helping in American Revolution
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what was agrarian distress?
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Poor harvests
-shortage of grain for peasents |
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what made the financial chaos of France?
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French Revolution
Extravagant living by french loyalists |
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Who got the load of taxes in France(not the aristocracy)?
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The bourgeoisie/peasentry
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Whats another name for the Bourgeoisie and how did they feel?
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Middle Class and unhappy because they couldn't move up in social classes
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What about the Estates General and name 3 states and which one moved out?
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was a legislative assembly
1.) First Estate/ Clergy-every bishop was born of noble birth 2.) Second Estate/Nobility-only nobles could receive commissions for the army 3.) Third/ Commoners |
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What was the first act of the french revolution?
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Tennis court Oath "WE WILL NOT DISBAND UNTIL A CONSTITUTION IS CREATED!"
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What about Bastille?
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Attack on the royal fotress in France and citizens will win
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Why were the peasentry so sad?
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- not influenced by the enlightenment due to poor literacy
-barely living due to lack of grain ( inflates bread prices) |
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Who did the french revolution end with?
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Napoleon (revolution changed a lot of social/economic/government problems/absolutism)
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What was the rolling thunder?
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veterans organization that worked on returning POW's and MIA's
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Name two points of Fog of War?
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Know who the enemy was
Learn to empathize |
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What sparked the directory of the 5 man board in france giving power to Napoleon?
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France is directed by incompetence
Economy dwindling UNREST Oligarchy Corruption |
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Napoleon institutes a constitution and doesn't contain what?
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equality/liberty/fraternity
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What three groups do Napoleon appoint?
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a.) Appoint generals
b.) Civil servants c.) Ministers |
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Elaborate on Code Napoleon
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One law One court
GOVERNMENT OVER CITIZENS BUSINESS OVER EMPLOYEES Males are head of household Property is secure |
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What are 3 broad things Napoleon works on?
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1. Infrastructure
2. Sets up a National bank 3. Solves religious problems |
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What did Napoleon's National Bank help with?
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1. Made paper currency increasing money in economy
2. source of credit for businessman 3. solved taxation (taxed everyone) |
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What did the Concordat of 1801 do?
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gave freedom of worship
appointed bishops out of nobility clergy paid by the state |
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Napoleon was trying to stop trade with who?
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Great Britain; places embargo on British Goods, promotes smuggling and argument with Russia
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French like Napoleon due to what three reasons?
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Tired of economic distress
tired of political instability tired of war |
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Who were the comfort women?
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The women who protested for being sex slaves; want money for it
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North Korea's governement is what?
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communist
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South Korea's government is what?
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Republic
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What made Englands a place for industralization to prosper?
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1. Large population
2. Resources 3. Effective Banking system 4. strongest navy in the world 5. agriculture Taxation low; real wages |
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What did the effect of moving to the city in Taiwan cause?
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Shanty towns
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what is Economic interpretation?
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Much of human history is based on the economic condition
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What does class struggle mean?
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man throughout history has had this struggle between class (specifically proletariat)
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what is Dialetical materialism?
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slave society replaced by feudalism and replaced by capitalism
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what is surplus value?
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When wealth is created by the worker
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What are the problems with the Dutch East India Trading Company?
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balance of trade is not equal
-china wants more opium than British want tea |
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What is the canton system?
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arrogant (minimal trade) nor diplomatic relations with Qing Court
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who loses the opium war?
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CHINA
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What did King Cotton do and what was it about?
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removed nutrients from Cotton
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Who were the abolitionists?
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Those seeking to end slavery
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what did the Treaty of Guadalupe accomplish?
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Gave US: Texas, Arizona, california
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What was the compromise of 1850?
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California becomes a free state (tips balances towards union(increasingly divided)
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Who wrote Uncles Tom cabin sparking a more split of the states?
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Harriet Beecher stowe
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Who was John Brown?
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he was an abolitionist went to south to try to raise up rebellion
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what was the Dred Scott case about?
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moves from slave state to free state and technically free and moves back to slave and claims hes free (case goes to Supreme Court) loses because citizens have the only rights to sue
slaves are private property |
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what was the cause of the civil war?
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ECONOMIC REASONS
North had invests a lot in the South |
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What was one big advantages for the South?
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Fighting a defensive war
Great Generals |
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What were some of Norths advantages?
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Industralized/strong military/trading options
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King of Prussi:William 1st wanted to unite Germany (13 principalities) along with Otto Van Bismark for what?
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Nationalism/ Imperalism
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What were the three wars?
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1. Denmark unites northern Germany
2. Austria eliminates Austrian influence France unites Southern Germany |
