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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Tigris and Euphrates Rivers
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created the first urban civilization supported by irrigated farming
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sumerians created...
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series of small competing city-states
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sumerians were the 1st to..
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create large cities, the wheel, the plow, and sophisticated writting
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early history of Mesopotamia
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marred by strife, disunion, and war
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fertile cresent
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rich band of soil(a belt of civilization) streaching from the nile to Tigris River and Persian gulf, that supported several civilizations
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most mesopotamians...
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drew livelyhood from the land
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their religion..
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was polythesic, their gods were often cruel and unpredictableYou had to appease them through rituals to prevent natural disasters
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afterlife
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good for only the gods. for rest if you had one at all you were like a bird with broken wings in the dark
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zuggurat
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was a stepped pyramid made of bricks that was at top of a mesoptamian temple complex
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epic of gilgamesh
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story of sumerian king. 1/2 god 1/2 human who searches without success dut to jelous gods. for eternal life. first epic poem in world history
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epic of gilgamest compared to old testement
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both tell story of disastorous flood that engulfs earth and nearly ends humanity
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cuneiform
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a system of writting using wedge-shaped characters made in soft clay tablets. (by ancient sumerian scribes)
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Hammurabi's code based on...
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punishment depended on social rank of violater, offender subject to same injury they caused, people not equal before the law, it attempted to promote justice (and protect defenslessness)
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Hammurabi's code delt primarily with
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civil affairs like marraie inneritance, and property rights
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Mesopotamian government:
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theocracy
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theocracy
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religious officials run the government
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3 mesopotamian classes
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freeman, slaves, and priests & noble landlords
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nature of slavery
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numerous, not race-based, rarely hereditary, they lacked political rights; treatment varied
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how do you become a slave?
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bad luck, like being in debt or on losing side of war
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status of women
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good in early history but shift to patriarchy, came about due to the coming of armies, heavy plow, and large scale distance travel
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patriarchy
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male domination of society
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Hitties
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were the first people to smelt iron
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reason for mesopotamian decline
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enviromental degadtion from salt evaporation
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