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77 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Angles
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a germanic kingdom
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were the people living in southeastern Britain when the Angles and the Saxons invaded that area
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Celts
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was called Charles and became emperor of Rome in 800 AD
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Charlemagn
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wanted monks to become missionaries to make all of Europe Christian
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Gregory the Great(Pope Gregory I)
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Joan of Arc
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-a French peasant girl
-helped lead the French army to victory in the second battle of the Hundred Years' War -fought in the Hundred Years' War |
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Aachen
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capital of Charlemagne's empire
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Crecy
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the place where the first major battle of the Hundred Years' War took place
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Scandinavia
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the place the Vikings came from
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Black Death
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form of the bubonic plague, wipped out half the population of China and Europe
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-a document/agreement signed in the city of Worms that stated that the pope could appoint bishops, but only the emperor could give them government jobs
-limited emperor's power |
Concordat of Worms
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Estates-General
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parliement of France
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political system based on bonds of loyalty between lords and vassals
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Feudalism
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Fiefs
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under feudalism, "the land" a lord granted to a vassal in exchange for military service and loyalty
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Knights
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a noble warrior who fought on horseback in the Middle Ages
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Missionaries
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people who are sent out to teach their religion
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Plague
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disease that spreads quickly and kills many people
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vassal
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-a noble who served a higher-ranking lord, and in return was given protection
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-works were lost after Rome fell
-he was reintroduced using copies of his books -his ideas upset many Christian thinkers because he used reason, not faith, to arrive at his conclusions about the meaning of life |
Aristotle
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-king of the Franks
-became Catholic to get the support of the Romans living in his kingdom |
Clovis
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-king of England
-called for a meeting of people from different partso of England to advise and help him make laws |
Edward I
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-founded the first order of friars in 1209
-served the poor -friar |
Francis of Assisi
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Franks
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-Germanic people called the Franks settled the area that is now France
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-ruled England from 1154 to 1189
-utilized the law courts to increase his power -set up a central court with trained lawyers and judges -appointed circuit judges -established jury systems |
Henry II
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Hildegard of Bingen
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-famous nun
-headed a convent in Germany -famous for creating church music |
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Jewish people
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-were persecuted
-were hated -lived in separate communites called ghettos -forced to leave some places |
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-became king of England in 1199
-raised taxes in England -punished his enemies without trials -forced to sign a document of rights called the Magna Carta |
King John
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Muslims
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-involved in the Crusades
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Saxons
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-Germanic kingdom
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-Dominican friar and priest
-was scholasticsm's greatest champion -best known for combining Chuch teachings with the ideas of Aristotle |
Thomas Aquinas
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Vikings
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-came from Scandinavia
-known as Norsemen or "north men" -expert sailors -began raiding Europe in 700s and 800s |
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-ordered a census called the Domesday book
-ruled Normandy -took the throne from Harold Godwinson and became king of England |
William the Conqueror
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Alps
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-mountain range that separates Italy
-mountain system of south central Europe |
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Asia
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-Largest of the earth's seven continents
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Britain
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-Largest island in the British Isles
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-where Slavs organized villages
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Eastern Europe
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-Narrow sea separating France and Great Britain
-the body of water separating England from Europe |
English Channel
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Europe
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-one of the world's seven continents, sharing a landmass with Asia
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France
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-third-largest country in Europe, located south of Great Britain
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Germany (Germanic States)
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-Visigoths
-Ostrogoths -Angles -Saxons -Franks |
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Ireland
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-Island west of Great Britain occupied by the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland
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-Southern Eurpean country south of Lebanon
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Italy
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Jerusalem
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-capital of Israel and holy city for Christians, Jews, and Muslims
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-State made of small territories around Kiev, destroyed by Mongols in 1240
-small territores in easter Europe ruled by the Vikings |
Kievan Rus
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-capital of Russia
-important city because there was crossroads of trade |
Moscow
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Normandy
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Region and former province of France, bordering the English Channel
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Northern Europe
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-north part of Europe
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Rome
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-capital of Italy
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Scotland
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-one of the four countries that make up the United Kingdom, the mainland occupies the northern part of Great Britain
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Wales
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-southwestern Britain
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Western Europe
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western part of Europe
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anti-Semitism
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hatred of Jews
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cathedral
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large new church
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catholic
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a believer in Jesus and the gospel
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Catholicism
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a certain belief or religion
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-certain rules knights follow
-knight was expected to obey his lord, to be brave, to show respect to women of noble birth, to honor the church, and to help people how knights are supposed to act |
-Code of Chivalry
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convert
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-to change from one belief to another
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crusades
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-holy war
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Domesday Book
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-the first census in Europe since Roman times was put together as this
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First Crusade
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-1098
-was won by Christians -drove the muslims out of Jerusalem |
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-comes from the Latin word for "brother"
-went out into the world to preach |
friars
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Gothic architecture
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-cathedrals with ribbed vaults and pointed arches instead of rounded barrel vaults
-tall churches |
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Heretics
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-people suspected of heresy
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Hundred Years' War
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-Edward III declared himself king of France which angered the French and war began that lasted more than 100 years
-English fought and France |
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-people were urged to confess their heresy and to ask for forgiveness
-church court |
Inquisition
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Jury
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-a group of people who choose if a person is guilty or not guilty
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-document of rights
-took away some of the king's powers |
Magna Carta
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a group of people from different parts of England to help advise the king and help him make laws
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Parliament
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peasant
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-lowest class in Europe
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priest
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-a leader in the church
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-everyday language that people would use in certain areas
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vernacular
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Charlemagne success as a ruler
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-to uphold his laws he set up courts throughout the empire that counts ran
-Charlemagne sent out inspectors to make sure the counts were doing their job -thought school was important so he started one |
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Effects of the Crusades on Europe
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-broke down feudalism
-increased trade between Europe adn the Middle East |
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Effects of the plague on Europe
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-half the population dead
-weakened the existing feudal system |
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Feudalism in Europe including the levels
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-Levels (1 hightest level)
1. Kings and Queens 2. Lords and Ladies 3. Knights-went to war or protected manor 4. Peasants and serfs-farmed land for loyalty -landowning nobles governed and protected the people in return for services -brought by Charles Martel because he needed an army so he gavee them land for loyalty |
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-being close to water increased trade and fishing
-mountains made it difficult for only one group to rule all of Europe -separated cultures |
Geography of Europe(importance of mountains and rivers)
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Importance of the Magna Carta
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-establish people's rights
-limits power of government |
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Medieval cities
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-very bad
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