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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Hominids
What are hominids? What do we have in common with hominids? |
Early people and people like groups
- May or may not be related to modern day humans, but did walk upright |
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Cro-Magnon
How do Cro-Magnons compare to Neanderthals? What did Cro-Magnons create that no other group had created before them? Are Cro-Magnons related to modern day humans |
- Were more advanced than Neanderthals
- Better language, better tools - Better hunters - Cave paintings - Definitely related to modern humans |
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Neanderthals
What are the neanderthals? How are they different from earlier hominids? Put the hominid groups in order |
- They were hominids
- Smarter and larger than the groups before them (Lucy) - Hunted in groups - Communicated - Buried their dead- which may mean they believed in the afterlife - cooked there food - Came before the Cro-Magnons 1.Hominids like Lucy 2. Neanderthals (aka cavemen) 3. Cro-Magnons |
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Lucy
Who was Lucy? |
- One of the oldest hominid skeleton ever found
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Archeologists
What do archeologists study? What can archeologists tell us about a group? |
- Study artifacts (tools, weapons, jewelry)
- They tell us about the culture of the group – how they lived |
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Anthropologists
What to anthropologists study? |
- Study skeletal remains
- They cant tell us how old, smart, what they ate, how they looked |
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Pre-history
What does pre-history mean? How do we figure out what happened during prehistory? When was prehistory? |
- Period of time before written records
- our knowledge of this time is based on information from archeologists and anthropologists -3 million BC to 2000 BC |
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Neolithic Agricultural Revolution
What was the Neolithic agricultural revolution? Where did it begin? |
- A change during the Neolithic time period when people began farming instead of hunting and gathering. They were able to stay in one place and start cities.
-It began in river valleys where it was easier to farm |
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Stone Age
What was the stone age? |
Period of time when weapons were made of stone and organic materials such as wood (hominids- cro-magnons)
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Iron Age
What was the iron age? |
When weapons and tools were made of iron
(During the Neolithic agricultural revolution) |
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Fertile Crescent
What rivers were in the fertile crescent? What countries are in the fertile crescent today? What was the flooding like in the fertile crescent? What were the borders like in the fertile crescent ? Name some civilizations in the fertile crescent? |
- One of the river valley civilizations
- An area of fertile land around Tigris and Euphrates rivers - Iran/Iraq - Flooding was unpredictable - Borders were poor – frequently invaded - Sumer, Babylonia, Mesopotamia were both in this area |
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Sumerians
Where were the Sumerians? What were the Sumerians famous for? 4 things. |
- Mesopotamia / fertile crescent
- Divided circles and time into units of 60 - Ziggurats - Arches -Cuneiform |
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Ziggurats
What are ziggurats? |
-Temples built by the Sumerians made of mud bricks to honor their gods
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Hammurabi
Who was Hammurabi? |
- He developed a code of laws for ancient Babylon
- His laws had harsh punishments |
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Pharaoh
What is a pharaoh? |
- rulers of ancient Egypt, the people thought of them as gods
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Papyrus
What was papyrus? |
- Paper made from a plant along the Nile (Egyptians)
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Pyramids
What are pyramids? |
- Large tombs built for the Egyptian pharaohs(Egyptian)
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Nile
What is the nile? Why was it an ideal place for a civilization? |
The river where Egypt formed
-good protection from invaders -easy trade and travel down the Nile (wind go one way, current the other) -predictable flooding |
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Rosetta Stone
What was the Rosetta stone? What language does it help us understand? |
It was a stone that had the same thing written in three different languages – one of them was hieroglyphics
Hieroglyphics |
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Indus
Where is the Indus? Why do we know less about the Indus than the other river valley civilizations? |
- Another river valley civilization
- The area around the Indus river - In India today - not as much is known about this civilization because their early writing still has not been decoded |
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Monsoons
What were monsoons? |
Winds that brought the change of season in the Indus river valley
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Harrapan
Where was the Harrapan civilization? What do we know about the harrapan civilization? |
One of the first civilizations in the Indus river valley
We know from archeologists that they had public baths and sewers and well designed cities |
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Huang He and Yangtze
What are the haung he and yangtze? What was the flooding pattern of chinas rivers? |
The rivers that were the center of the ancient Chinese civilization
Very unpredictable flooding – huang ( yellow river) china sorrow because of the death and destruction |
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Loess
What was the loess? |
Fertile yellow soil that made the yellow river, yellow
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Oracle bones
What are oracle bones? |
Used in ancient china to predict the future
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Dynasty
What is a dynasty? |
It is a system of government in which power is passed from father to son (family of rulers)
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Reincarnation
What is reincarnation? Which religions believe in it? |
- the cycle or being reborn after you die
- both Hinduism and Buddhism believe in it |
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Karma
What is karma? Which religions believe in it? |
- The force of your actions: good or bad that determine how you will be reincarnated
both Hinduism and Buddhism believe in it |
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Caste system
What is the caste system? Which religion followed the caste system? Who is at the top of the caste system? Who is at the bottom of the caste system? |
- The way people were divided into class in ancient India
- it determined how people lived, who they could marry, jobs - only followed by Hinduism - Top: Brahmins- priests and teachers - Shudras- laborers - Untouchables do polluted work – technically not a caste |
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Brahmins
What are the Brahmins? What type of rules do brahmins have to follow? |
- The priests and teachers
Have to stay clean/ follow the most rules about diet |
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Shudras
Which caste has the most people? |
- The laborers
shudras- most people in India are in this group |
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Siddhartha Gautama
Who was Siddhartha guatama? Why are Buddhism and Hinduism so similar? |
The founder of Buddhism
He started as a Hindu – born a Hindu prince (this is why Buddhism and Hinduism are so similar) |
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Untouchables
What kind of work do untouchables do? |
They do polluted work – stuff that has to do with trash, dying and death
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Vedas
What religion are the Vedas from? |
Vedas
What religion are the Vedas from? |
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Indo-Aryans
Who were the indo Aryans? How did they change the Indus river valley? |
The group that brought Hinduism and the caste system to India
They put themselves at the top (in the Brahmin caste) |
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Polytheism
What is polytheism? Which religions are polytheistic? |
The belief in many gods
Most religions were polytheistic in the river valley civilizations Hinduism is still considered polytheistic |
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Monotheism
What is monotheism? Which religion is monotheistic? |
Believe in one god
Judaism is the first monotheistic |
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Phoenicians
Who were the Phoenicians? What were they famous for? |
Sea traders from the area that is known as Syria and Israel (along the med. Sea)
Murex- purple die and the alphabet |
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Abraham
Who was Abraham? What did Abraham do? |
Founded Judaism
He moved his people to Israel (coventent with god) |
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Moses
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Led the Hebrews out of slavery
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10 Commandments
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The 10 rules/laws of the Christian faith
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