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128 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Throughout the 1960s, the Supreme Court:
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expanded the rights of people accused of crimes.
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The events in Crystal City, Texas, in 1963:
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encouraged Mexican Americans to challenge Anglo political power.
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The term "Chicano" was popular among Mexican Americans who advocated:
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ethnic pride and solidarity.
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Hispanic-American leader Cesar Chavez rose to prominence by:
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organizing the union for farm workers.
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During the 1960s, Indians:
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demanded that museums return Indian remains for proper burial.
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To dramatize the Indians' plight, American Indian Movement activists:
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seized Alcatraz Island and demanded to use it as a cultural center.
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The Mann Doctrine for Latin America state that the United States would:
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make human rights the number one priority.
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In early 1964, why did President Johnson choose not to escalate the Vietnam War?
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He placed a higher priority on domestic events than on Vietnam.
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The Gulf of Tonkin Resolution:
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authorized the president to take any measures necessary to repel attacks against U.S. forces in Vietnam.
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Operation Rolling Thunder was a plan that involved the:
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massive bombing of North Vietnam.
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What was William Westmoreland's plan to win the war in Vietnam?
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Use overwhelming numbers and firepower to destroy the enemy.
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What was the Ho Chi Minh Trail?
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An infiltration trail for North Vietnamese soldiers that ran through Laos and Cambodia.
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The 1968 Tet Offensive:
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was a military defeat for North Vietnam, but showed Americans that victory was nowhere in sight.
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How did the Johnson Administration respond to growing domestic protest over Vietnam?
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It used federal agents to infiltrate and spy upon antiwar groups.
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Why was the Tet Offensive considered a victory for the North Vietnamese?
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It seriously weakened American support for the war.
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What individual's announcement that there would be no victory in Vietnam led President Johnson to lament, "I have lost Mr. Average Citizen"?
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CBS news anchor Walter Cronkite.
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What did President Johnson's circle of advisers conclude, following the Tet Offensive?
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Although suffering enormous casualties, the enemy's will to win had not lessened.
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In the 1968 New Hampshire Democratic primary:
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Lyndon Johnson received more votes that McCarthy, but political commentators called McCarthy the real winner.
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When Lyndon Johnson announced that he would not seek an additional term as president, he also:
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announced that he would seek negotiations with the Viet Cong.
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Which Democrat, running for president in 1968, was closest to President Johnson's foreign and domestic policies?
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Vice President Hubert H. Humphrey.
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During the 1968 Democratic convention in Chicago:
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the police indiscriminately attacked protesters and bystanders.
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Which presidential candidate in 1968 appealed most strongly to Americans upset by civil rights legislation and antiwar protests?
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George Wallace.
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Which statement best describes the outcome of the 1968 presidential election?
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Richard Nixon won a comfortable majority in the Electoral College, but he did not win a majority of the popular vote.
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Henry Kissinger:
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as national security adviser and secretary of the state helped to negotiate the cease-fire in Vietnam.
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In their efforts to restructure the Cold War, Nixon and Kissinger:
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changed Cold War policy to reflect new military and geopolitical realities.
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The policy of Vietnamization entailed:
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shifting the bulk of the fighting to the South Vietnamese while withdrawing American troops.
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The Nixon Doctrine:
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required countries threatened by communism to shoulder most of the military burden.
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What happened in the Vietnamese village of My Lai in 1968?
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American soldiers massacred more than 200 men, women, and children.
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What sparked student unrest at Kent State University in 1970?
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American forces crossed the border and invaded Cambodia.
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What was the reaction of the U.S. Senate when the last troops returned from Cambodia?
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Senators repealed the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution.
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What did National Security Adviser Henry Kissinger thing would happen to South Vietnamese government after the 1973 ceasefire?
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They would be lucky to hold out for a year and a half.
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The War Powers Act:
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prevented the president from involving the United States in war without authorization from Congress.
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How did the Vietnam War finally end?
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North Vietnam unified the country by conquering South Vietnam.
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In 1971, why did China want better relations with the United States?
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China believed that better relation with the United States would deter Soviet aggression.
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When a socialist-Marxist government came to power in Chile, the United States:
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disrupted the country's economy, producing chaos and a military coup.
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The "Philadelphia Plan" was a(n):
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affirmative action plan that set aside jobs for minorities.
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As president, Richard Nixon oversaw the formation of what government agency?
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The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA).
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In 1971, a new economic phenomenon emerged that became known as:
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stagflation.
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During the 1960's, which region of the country experienced growth because of its economic opportunities and climate?
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The Sunbelt.
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As an aide to Attorney General John Mitchell, Kevin Phillips argued:
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for the Republican Party to pursue what became known as the southern strategy.
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What impact did Richard Nixon have on the composition of the Supreme Court?
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Even though Congress rejected some appointees, he was able to push the Court in a conservative direction.
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Many Democrats objected to their 1972 presidential nominee, George McGovern, because they thought that he was:
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too liberal.
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President Nixon's staff created the "Plumbers," a special investigations unit, that:
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conducted dirty tricks against the Democrats.
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Which White House staffer implicated Nixon in the Watergate cover-up?
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John Dean.
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Who did the 1974 Watergate grand jury name as an "unindicted coconspirator" in the Watergate cover-up?
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Richard Nixon.
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When traditional labor protests failed to work, Cesar Chavez:
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attempted to mobilize public opinion.
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From whom did President Ford receive a stiff challenge for the 1976 Republican Party nomination for president?
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Ronald Reagan.
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Which statement best characterizes what the American people thought of Gerald Ford in 1976?
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He was well liked, but people considered him an ineffective president.
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President Carter's policy toward Latin America included:
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turning control of the Panama Canal over to Panamanians.
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Detente with the Soviet Union collapsed when the:
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Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan.
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In the Camp David Accords, Jimmy Carter brokered a peace treaty between:
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Egypt and Israel.
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What triggered the seizing of American hostages in the American embassy in Iran?
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The shah of Iran was admitted to an American hospital for cancer treatments.
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How did Jimmy Carter present himself to the American people when he was first running for president?
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He was a political outsider who would heal the nation's wounds.
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Which statement best describes Jimmy Carter's relations with Congress?
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Although Carter and the majority of Congress were Democrats, they did not work well together.
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What domestic problem did Jimmy Carter call the "moral equivalent of war"?
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The energy crisis.
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What happened to nuclear power during the late 1970s?
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Following an accident at a nuclear power plant, energy companies cancelled projects to build more plants.
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During the late 1970s, the U.S. economy experienced:
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high unemployment and high inflation.
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One of the causes of America's economic problems during the 1970s was that:
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many American companies were unable to compete in the new global economy.
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Phyllis Schlafly was active in what campaign?
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Opposing the ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment.
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In Roe v. Wade, the U.S. Supreme Court:
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invalidated a Texas law that prevented abortion.
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In the Bakke Decision, the U.S. Supreme Court:
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agreed that Alan Bakke had been discriminated against because he was white.
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The majority of immigrants to the United States from 1960 to 1986 were from what region of the world?
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Latin America.
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The Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986:
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provided amnesty to many illegals and made them eligible for U.S. citizenship.
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Ronald Reagan's presidential campaign of 1980 stressed that:
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the federal government was too large and powerful.
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The Reverend Jerry Falwell's "Moral Majority":
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attacked politicians with liberal views of homosexuality and school prayer.
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Ronald Reagan drew support from some westerners because he:
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promised to curb federal environmental restrictions on the use of land.
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A top priority for Ronald Reagan when he became president in 1981 was:
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cutting taxes.
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President Reagan's economic policies called for:
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cutting spending on the poor and needy.
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Between 1980 and 1982:
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unemployment went up while inflation went down.
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Popular culture during the 1980s emphasized that:
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individuals ought to manipulate the economic system to enrich themselves.
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During the 1980s, savings and loan banks began to:
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invest in speculative ventures like office buildings and shopping malls.
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Which statement best describes the economy during the Reagan years?
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The richest Americans greatly increased their share of the national wealth, while for many workers wages had declined.
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Which statement best describes corruption in the Reagan Administration?
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Even though there was extensive corruption, Reagan was a "Teflon President" to whom no scandal seemed to stick.
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What happened to the national debt during the Reagan years?
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It increased to nearly $3 trillion.
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At the center of Ronald Reagan's view of the world was his belief that:
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the Soviet Union wan an "evil empire."
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During the Reagan years, military spending:
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increased for both conventional and nuclear weapons.
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Which statement best describes the "Star Wars" Strategic Defense Initiative plan to shoot down missiles from space?
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If it were 95% effective, the remaining warheads would destroy the nation.
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Which Caribbean country was the scene of a brief U.S. invasion in 1983?
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Grenada.
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What was a major public concern surrounding U.S. policy toward Central America?
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Central America might become another Vietnam.
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The Boland Amendment:
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barred the CIA from using funds to aid the Nicaraguan Contras.
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How did the Reagan Administration respond when Congress blocked funding for Conta movement seeking to overthrow the Sandinista regime in Nicaragua?
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It secretly sold weapons to Iran and used the profits to fund the Contras.
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When Mikhail Gorbachev became leader of the Soviet Union in 1985, one of his goals was to:
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breathe life into the stagnant Soviet economy.
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Which statement best describes U.S.-Soviet relations by the end of President Reagan's second term?
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They had signed a series of arms reduction agreements.
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Which statement best describes the presidential election campaign in 1988?
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The campaign was dull.
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In the election of 1988, George H. W. Bush:
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became the first sitting vice president to be elected president since Martin Van Buren in 1836.
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Boris Yeltsin:
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declared the 1991 Communist coup illegal and called on the Russian people to resist.
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After the United States invaded Panama in 1989:
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Panama remained a major route in the smuggling of drugs into the United States.
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What did President Bush do after Iraq invaded Kuwait in 1990?
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He organized a United Nations response.
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Which statement best describes the Bush handling of the American economy?
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He raised interest rates and promoted globalization.
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The Contadora Plan:
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called for a cease fire and democratic reforms in Central America.
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Which statement best describes most prominent Democrats following the 1991 American victory over Iraq in Operation Desert Storm?
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They expected George Bush to win re-election easily and decided not to compete in the upcoming election.
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In the 1992 Republican convention:
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the platform attacked permissiveness and stressed "traditional American values."
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Bill Clinton's 1992 campaign stressed:
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fixing the economy.
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During the early 1990s, many people expected the central issue of the 1992 campaign to be:
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social and cultural divisions.
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The World Trade Organization:
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replaced the 1948 General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) in 1995.
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What do many see an a symbol of globalization?
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McDonald's.
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Which statement best describes the U.S. economy in the 1990s?
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Service and technology companies drove the economy.
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Launched in 1971, the Nasdaq:
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was a stock index that focused on companies in technological fields.
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Which statement best describes the economy that emerged by the mid-1990s?
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The ranks of the rich included large numbers of new millionaires.
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What industry is centered in "Silicon Valley"?
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Microprocessing.
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Which statement best describes the homeless in the early 1990s?
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They represented a cross-section of the nation's poorest.
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By 1990, women:
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still encountered pay inequality.
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Kate O'Beirne and other conservative writers:
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blamed feminism for many of society's problems.
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Which statement best describes the role of feminism by the mid-1990s?
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Relatively few women described themselves as feminists, but most wanted to keep the gains women had made.
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Which statement about abortion in the 1970s is most accurate?
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In 1973, the Supreme Court ruled that laws against abortions in the first three months of pregnancy violated women's right to privacy.
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The Supreme Court's decision in Planned Parenthood of Southeastern Pennsylvania v. Casey (1992):
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held that in some cases the state could modify a woman's right to have an abortion.
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Operation Rescue:
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was a militant anti-abortion group that advocated physical confrontation to stop abortion.
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Which of the following statements most accurately illustrates the controversy over abortion?
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One hundred clinics have been targets of arson or bombing efforts.
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"Glass ceiling" is a term that refers to:
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an intangible barrier that prevents women and minorities from rising to upper-level positions.
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How did the television industry respond to concerns about the amount of sex and violence?
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It established a rating system to help parents determine which programs might be inappropriate for children.
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In Reno v. ACLU, the Supreme Court:
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declared unconstitutional an effort to censor the Internet.
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In the 1992 presidential election, H. Ross Perot:
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said that politicians had messed up the nation.
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During the 1992 campaign, H. Ross Perot:
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used large amounts of his own money to run as an independent.
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In the 1992 presidential election, H. Ross Perot:
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won 19% of the popular vote.
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Which of the following statements most accurately reflects the controversy over the role of homosexuals in modern American life?
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Presidential Bill Clinton defended the right of homosexuals to serve in the armed forces.
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Which statement about AIDS is most accurate?
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Some conservatives have claimed that homosexuals violate nature and that AIDS is nature's way of getting even.
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Although Republicans supported NAFTA:
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they staunchly opposed Clinton's budget and economy recovery plan.
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Bill Clinton was unsuccessful in his attempt to get legislation that would:
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provide health insurance for all Americans.
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In 1993, the Clinton Administration raised taxes on:
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the rich.
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In the 1994 congressional elections:
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for the first time in 40 years voters elected a Republican majority in both housed of Congress.
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In the 1995 battle over welfare reform:
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conservatives claimed that the problems were not material but spiritual and moral poverty.
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During the 1996 campaign:
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the Dole campaign lacked energy from the start.
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Which statement best describes Bill Clinton's foreign policy when he first took office?
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He was inexperienced and generally followed the outline of George Bush.
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During the Clinton Administration, American troops were sent into:
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Bosnia.
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In what nation did the Clinton Administration successfully restore democracy?
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Haiti.
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The Taliban controlled which country?
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Afghanistan.
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Which member of George W. Bush's cabinet opposed the use of force to remove Saddam Hussein from power?
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Colin Powell.
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By April 2004, who had emerged as the Democratic nominee to challenge George W. Bush?
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John Kerry.
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