History Short Answers

Front 1

Causes

Back 1

Religion was a big cause/influence over the 30 years war. This was also known as the "last of the religious wars." The peace of Augsburg in 1555 had brought an end to religious warfare between German Catholics and Lutherans.

Front 2

Bohemian Phase

Back 2

Began in the Hapsburgs' own territory. In 1617, the Bohemian estates proudly accepted Ferdinand as their king/leader, but would soon be unhappy with their decision. This battle would also be known as the "battle of white mountain."

Front 3

Danish Phase

Back 3

Christian IV was a Lutheran, and he intervened on behalf of the protestant cause by leading an army into Northern Germany.
Wallenstein was a brilliant commander as well as a great leader. He was a Bohemian Nobleman who took advantage of Ferdinand to become the countries wealthiest landowner.

Front 4

Swedish Phase

Back 4

Gustavus Adolphus was responsible for reviving Sweden and making it into a great Baltic power.
Battle of Lutzen: The Swedish forces prevailed, but paid a high price when the Swedish king was killed in battle.

Front 5

Franco-Swedish Phase

Back 5

Germany took on Spain in battle.
The Peace of Westphalia was created and written in French. This ended the 30 years war and the Holy Roman Empire. This is what brought the end to the Franco-Swedish phase.

Front 6

Consequences

Back 6

For the Swedish phase, they lost their king in battle.