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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
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Yoyo Ma/ Lil Buck |
Yo - Yo Ma : born in france 1955. Famous cellist and blew up by producing music based on the cultural exchange of the silk road. Lil Buck : born in Chicago in 1988. A performance dancer. both did a performence together and modified their skills in order for them to combine and flow nicely. Example of cultural exchange. |
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The Silk Road |
Term used to major trade network across eurasia (200 BCE-1400 CE) - exchange of products, ideas, religions, ect. A lot of cultural exchange. - ex. Biwa is an instrument favored by the royal family of Japan. The instrument has small designs on them. One biwa was found by historians with a design of an Asian man riding a Camel. camels do not originate from Japan, so there had to be some trade between the Middle East and Japan . which shows the trade exchange that the silk road caused. |
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Ferdinand Von Richtofen |
-German geographer, born in Poland 1833. -came up with the term "Silk Road" in 1877. |
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Apples/Heterozygocity/ Grafting |
Apples: indeginous to Kazakhstan , located in Central Asia. -Heterozygotic: makes apples difficult to produce because each apple holds seeds to different types of apples. So you never really know what you will get. -Grafting is a method used to be able to continue growing a same type of apple tree, to continue getting same apples. First grafting technogy was seen by the Yellow River. - first apple orchard was seen in the Mediterranean. -By 1880 they had migrated to Northern Cali. - They are a big example of how the silk road made trades likes these possible |
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Uyghur/Uighpour |
-(northwest of China) - major ethnic group : Uyghur (from 19th century - today) - religion: Sunni Muslims -most don't wanna be part of China but they have no Dalai Lama that will liberate them like the Tibetan people did. -have dream to call their independent state "Uyghur Stan" |
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Steppe/Sown |
-mutual dependency. Mutual antagonism. -Steppe: zone of high plateau located in Eurasia . excellent place for herding sheep, and pastoral lifestyles. -Sown : agriculture civilizations w/ universal religions. High social and technical complexity that had to deal with their neighbors up north.
--ex. The Xiongnu Empire = nomadic lifestyle. the Han Empire = agricultutal empire |
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Life of Historical Buddah |
-lived during 500 B.C.E in Nepal -lived a very rich and privilaged life due to the fact that his father hid him from even seeing any pain, or suffering. -in his 20's he finally saw the suffering and began the religion of Buddhism that focused on living a simple life, with no desire and the only goal to be good. |
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Four Noble Truths |
-the first sermon of the Buddha he speaks these four nobel truths - the first part of Dharma (teachings of Buddah) 1. No existence that doesnt include suffering. Pleasure will end. 2. Suffering is caused by desire. 3. If you end desire, you end suffering. 4. Best way to end desire is to follow the 8-fold Path a. Dont lie. b. Don't steal c. Dont cheat d. Surround yourself with good ppl e. Study hard f. have spiritual practice that clears you g. Read Buddhist lectures h. Be good. |
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The Three Jewels |
1. the Buddha , the fully enlightened one. 2. The Dharma , the teachings of the Buddha. the four noble truths are the heart of it . 3. the Sangha, the community of people who practice the teachings of the Dharma and help you stay good.Refered to as Monastic people. Dont have families, romantic partners, and v pure. Composed of four groups: monks, nuns, laymen, and laywomen. |
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Zoroastrianism/Ahura Mazda |
-origin: precise date is uncertain, but founded in Northeast Iran . spread across Asia predating Christanity . -zoroastrian: fire worshipers, perisans. Seen in Tripitika story picking on Buddhists . - Part of religion of Zoroastrianism , which teaches existence of angels, demons, and saviors. their sacred text and contains hymns, rituals and spells against demons . - Highest Sport Worshiped : Ahura Mazda . believed he created the universe. |
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women in Shanga |
-Buddhism was very patriarchal -Ananda, cousin of Buddha and one of his principle disciples, convinced him to start a nun comminity . -set of rules: 1. Women must always obey a munk. 2. The teaching and importence of Buddhism will always go down by 1/2 b/c women. |
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Persian Empire |
-founded by Cyrus after embarking on a series of conquests across Eurasia , before starting empire in Iran -from 558 BCE - 651 CE (Four major ruling dynasties.) -Zoroastrianism major religion . but highly tolerant to others. -highly cosmopolitan society |
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Han Dynasty |
-after the short lived Qin Dynasty came the Han Dynasty in China (206 BCE - 220 CE : 400 YEARS!) -rejected legalism, unlike Qin . followed Confucianism as centeral ideology. -benevolent rulers, respect for elders, strong emphasis on education and social hierarchy. Ruler kept boundaries but extended towards Korea, and Central Asia. - a lot of info. Cause they respected scholars so a lot of writings. -Buddhism spread even farther |
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Umayad Empire |
-family took over after 4 rightly guided aliphs . ruled 661-750 -first great Muslim dynasty. -capital was Damascus -resented by Arabs for their luxurious lifestyle and discrimination. - majority of people were not Muslim and not forced to convert, but had to pay a tax, that Muslims did not have to pay . - |
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"house of Wisdom" |
-1004 A.D. -during abbasid caliphate (750-1258) , capital at Baghdad. Rulers had very positive atritude towards research and learning. ----scholars translated Persian, Greek, and Indian texts to create a remarkable body of work, especially in Medicine, Mathematics, and Astrology (Islam their major religion encouraged learning to read for Qur'an . muhammed "seek learning even as far as China" -it was a library and illustrates example of abbasid cosmopolitanism. |
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David Grubin |
-American documentary filmmaker -born in Washington D.C , 1944 -director of "The Buddha" the PBS documentary we had to watch . -documentary is described and known to be a hogiography. Everything agreed and it protrayed Buddha as perfect, who never did anythinf wrong |
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rumi |
-1207 -turkey -sunni Muslim poet and scholar -best selling poet of santa cruz |
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Theravada/Mahayan |
330 CE Buddhism split into these two main types. Mahayana : East Asia. "the big kart". Emphazied that laypeople (ordinary ppl) were able to reach enlightment. Boddhisattvas were the saint like people who existed to help. Compasionate. Focus on how the Buddha is a historical and inspiring exmple. Includes other dieties. Theravada: Southeast Asia. "The ways of the elders." Emphazied monastic experience for many people. Generally hierarchial. |
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Buddhisms adaption to China |
- came into china as early as the first century but it took a long time for it to actually have an impact -last century of Han Dynasty , buddhism became to scatter around from kingdoms in Central Asia, along trade routes in between. -in south coast, Indian traders introduced Buddhism -PROVIDED: 1. new attention to metaphysical questions 2. New level of interaction of cultural and philosophical traditions all acrosss Eurasia 3. Less social hiarchy , class, gender, Ect. |
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Terra Cotta Soilders / Great Wall |
-Qin Shihunagdi died 210 BCE and burried in Capital of Qin, Chang`an. -rumored to have tons of mercury sorrounding it -Terra Cotta Soilders: life sized stautes that sorround his tomb as protection . very detailed as if actually modeled from real warriors that once existed, detailed. -no one knows what will happen if its opened up |
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Motun/Whistiling Arrows |
-During Han Dynasty (200 BCE-220 CE) . their own empire was called Xiongnu centered in modern day Mongolia. -Motun was the eldest son who was set to take over, but the dad liked the youngest better so arranged to have him killed. He escaped. Gained trust of an army of thousand men (that his fathet gave him as a "oh wow I undrestimated you sorry lol") . -eventually he shot a "whistiling arrow" and killed his father. He also killed all his fam and any potential comoetitors. |
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Xiongnu/Yuezhi |
-society of nomadic peoples that settled after conquering another nomadic group the Yuezhi - modern day mongolia 300 BCE- 1 CE -patriarchal customs described by Han people, (Han criticized them HARD) EX. Young male always gets food first, whike older get whatever is rest. -ruthless and violent nature according to Han
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Susan Whitfield |
-English historian. Born 1969. -wrote "Life Along Silk Road" in which she gave several different type of passages of the type of people that crossed the Silk Road. -we read the one having to do with Larishka. |
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Larishka |
- Lived during Tang Dynasty (618-907 CE) (China) -musical abilites since a baby. She was kidnapped by the Uyghur general. -sold off as a "step-mother" really a pimp in Chang`an where she trains other girls to do her job (sleep with men for $$$$) -rebels attack Chang'an so she flees back to hometown Kucha |
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Precious Consort Yang |
-Tang Dynasty -719-759 -married depressed Emperor and became the "light " of all the empire since she brought him back to life -then a general also liked her, he brought issues and drama so counsles decided to hire someone to kill her. |
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Dancing Tang Horses/Polo |
Tang Dynasty 618-907 CE -women had very different lifestyles than the rest of women who lived in Imperial china -most beautiful women were round and full. -women played horse back polo. We know this by the various of small figurieens and statues that historians have found in which Asian women are riding horses, ect. |
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Bactrian Camel |
-U.S would not be major powerhouse. -so silk road spread various diseases for 5,000 years. Majority of people of living In Asia developed immunity after some time. -when these people went to America , 90% of the already settle Americans died since they didnt have immunity. -no camel = no silk road travel=no travel of disease and immunity= new settlers would not have gotten the huge land of empty space we call America. |
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Night Journey |
-620 C.E -Muhammed was awoken one night by Gabriel who transported him to Jerusalem. There he meets all past prophets and is then transpoted to heaven. -God told Muhammed that the daily prayers were a Must |
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Constitution of Medina |
-Medina, 622 CE -consitution created with the goal to unite followers of Mohammed and Yathrib (Medina) -promotes tolerance -promotes unity and equality |
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Dangers of Tripitikas journey |
-602- 664, starting in Chang'an his home city -Dangers: 1. Desert: he got lost and came face to face with a demon. He read his scriptures to save himself. 2.Turfon King tried to force him to stay by giving him gifts, then making Tri. a prisoner, so he goes on hunger strike and refuses to let the power play work on him 3.at one point he is almost killed by pirates. |
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Great Tree Rishi |
-a spiritual guy . -grew tree on shoulder . -meditated for 300 years, and 99 women rejected his marriage proposals. -finally youngest daughter volunteers to marry him...he curses all the other 99 to humpbacks. |
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Goals of Trips. Journey |
All throughout looking for sacraded Buddhist texts. |
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Arabs/Persians/Turks |
Persia Empire was highly cosmopolitan and tolerant to religions. Once Ilkhan Khante took over, islam took over persia -majority of Persians, Arabs, and turks are Muslim now. ----> sunni muslims: Arabs and Turks. More about community. ----->shia muslims: persians. (More traditional.) |
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4 Khanates |
Once Temujin died, the Mongol Empire was split into four main dynastys and one dynasty was given to each Khante. It only lasted 80 more years..which goes how much Timujins rules were imprinted 1. Great Khanate - took over China and Mogolia. He was the wealthiest and had more territory. He was presuaded by the adminstrators not to kill off every Chinese person, so he taxed them instead (hence money) 2. Khante of Golden Horde- ruled Russia. Extracted tribute from the Russia cities and their knowledge in agriculture. 3. Ilkhan Khante- ruled Persia. Converted everyone to Perisa but the Mongol and Persian empire combined completely that by some years later, no one could even tell who was the Mongol and who was the Persian. 4. Central Asia was given to the last Khanate. But not many documents exist to know much about it. |
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Kubilai Khan |
Emperor from 1260-1294 Founded the Yaun Dynasty Known as Great Khanate |
