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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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When was a Labor govt elected?
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1972 for 1st time in 23yrs
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Who was the new PM in 1972?
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Gough Whitlam
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When was Labor re-elected after 1972?
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1974 in a double-dissolution election
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What did the Whitlam govt do?
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introduced wide range of reforms, which included national health insurance scheme called Medibank & increased funding for areas such as arts & Aboriginal affairs
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Why did Whitlam have difficulties getting his reform program passed?
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Because although had majority of seats in HOR did not have majority in Senate
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How did the Senate continue to cause problems for WHitlam govt?
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Feb = NSW Premier broke convention by appointing non-Labor person to replace retiring Labor senator
June = Qld premier Bjelke-Peterson did same thing. Now meant Labor in minority in Senate |
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Why did Whitlam govt face major economic problems?
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Following war in Middle East, oil prices greatly increased & sent Western economies into recession. By late 1975, Aus had inflation rate of 17%, unemployment rate of 5% & high govt spending created budget deficit
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Why did govt receive much bad publicity in media?
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Minerals & Energy Minister Rex Connor forced to resign over Loans affair when tried to borrow vast sums of money from Tirath Khemlani.
Deputy PM & Treasurer Jim Cairns forced to resign over misleading of parliament regarding overseas loan. Media also made much of alleged involvement w attractive personal assistant Juni Morosi |
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Who introduced his budget in 1975?
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Bill Hayden. Senate refused to pass & instead decided to defer
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What did Malcolm Fraser order his senators NOT to pass?
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Budget, which meant govt would soon run out of money
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Who sought advice from Garfield Barwick?
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Governor-General John Kerr. Said had power to dismiss govt
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What did Kerr do?
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Sacked PM on 11 Nov 1975. Appointed Fraser as caretaker PM. Fraser said could guarantee supply & would call election immediately
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What did the election of Dec 1975 see?
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Liberal Party win massive victory
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How did Aus view Asia in yrs after Federation?
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Both fear & suspicion. Aus saw self as civilised British outpost in region of strange & alien cultures
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What did White Aus Policy reflect?
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Ausn society's belief that culture & society superior to anything Asia had to offer, as well as deeply ingrained racist attitudes
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What happened at 1919 Paris Peace Conference?
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PM Hughes earned Aus control over former GErman territory of PNG. Migrants continued to be mainly white & British, & British base at Singapore seen as guarantee of Aus's security
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What did Whitlam's military successes in WWII seem to justify?
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Fears Aus held of Asia. After 1945, Aus became more involved in Asian affairs. 1950 Colombo plan saw Aus providing aid to several Asian countries
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What was the popular image of Asia?
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Massed yellow hordes sweeping sth to take over, & later of red hordes as communism became threat in region. China became communist in 1949. Aus fought Asian communism in Korea, Malaya & Vietnam
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When did Aus's popular image of Asia change?
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With election of Whitlam govt in 1972. Relations established w both Nth Korea & Nth Vietnam & Aus recognised People's Republic of China in 1973. Strong diplomatic & economic relations developed w China & even managed to survive evens such as Tiananmen Square Massacre of 1989
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Who were accepted as refugees in late 1970s, early 1980s?
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thousands of Indochinese boast people. Links w Vietnam grew as country sought to modernise. In 1990s, Aus key player in pursuit of peace in Cambodia
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What happened at 1919 Paris Peace Conference?
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PM Hughes earned Aus control over former GErman territory of PNG. Migrants continued to be mainly white & British, & British base at Singapore seen as guarantee of Aus's security
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What did Whitlam's military successes in WWII seem to justify?
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Fears Aus held of Asia. After 1945, Aus became more involved in Asian affairs. 1950 Colombo plan saw Aus providing aid to several Asian countries
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What was the popular image of Asia?
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Massed yellow hordes sweeping sth to take over, & later of red hordes as communism became threat in region. China became communist in 1949. Aus fought Asian communism in Korea, Malaya & Vietnam
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When did Aus's popular image of Asia change?
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With election of Whitlam govt in 1972. Relations established w both Nth Korea & Nth Vietnam & Aus recognised People's Republic of China in 1973. Strong diplomatic & economic relations developed w China & even managed to survive evens such as Tiananmen Square Massacre of 1989
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Who were accepted as refugees in late 1970s, early 1980s?
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thousands of Indochinese boast people. Links w Vietnam grew as country sought to modernise. In 1990s, Aus key player in pursuit of peace in Cambodia
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What happened when Indonesia's President Sukarno replaced w President Soeharto?
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Indonesian-Ausn relations improved. In early 1990s PM Keating developed close ties w Soeharto govt
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What did main point of conflict between Aus & INdonesia concern?
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East Timor. Indonesia invaded territory in 1975. 5 Ausn journalists killed by Indonesian forces during invasion
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Why did Howard govt earn praise?
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Involvement in helping East Timor gain independence & close cooperation w Indonesian govt following Bali bombings of Oct 2002 & Oct 2005
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What happened to cities after 1945?
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Expanded as new suburbs appeared, often linked by suburban railway systems. AUs' population grew, due to post-war baby-boom & immigration. Inner-city living remained domain of poorer working class people.
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What happened to car ownership during 1950s?
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Grew rapidly. Aus's own Holden car appeared in 1947 - main rival = Ford
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How did entertainment change during the 1950s?
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Drive-in movie theatres became popular as car ownership increased. 1956 = TV appeared in Aus
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Describe sport in 1950s
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Remained key factor in Ausn life. 1956 = city of Melbourne hosted Olympic Games. Ausn athletes like Dawn Fraser & Betty Cuthbert became world figures. Tennis dominated by likes of Ken Rosewell & Frank Sedgman
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What were Ausn tastes & fads becoming?
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Americanised. Young people flocked to milk bars, most popular films = American stars like James Dean & Marlon Brando. POpular music being taken over by rock 'n' roll & everybody listened to 'king', Elvis Presley
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Describe Aus's system of govt
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Consitutional monarchy. Queen represented by governor-general
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Why do many Ausns support idea of Aus becoming republic?
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Argue Aus should not have foreigner as head of state & idea of consitutional link w Britain - simply out of date
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Why did many oppose to Aus becoming republic?
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Argue monarchy should be retauined b/c system = worked well since 1901. Queen = unifying symbol & provides link to history & traditions
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What happened to old buildings up til late 1960s?
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Pulled down & little effort to preserve Aus' heritage. Modern buildings put up in name of progress
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What did BLF under Jack Mundey impose in 1971?
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'Green Bans' on new developments in Hunters Hill, ROcks & Woolloomooloo
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Describe the laws govt have now in place concerning physical & human heritage
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To conserve. 1983 = High Court intervened to save Franklin River in Tas
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