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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What year did Alexander II become Tsar? |
1855 |
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What War was being fought at the start of Alexander's reign and what year did it end? |
The Crimean War, ended 1856 |
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What did Alexander say about serfdom in 1856? |
He warned that it "Must be abolished from above" |
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What year was Serfdom abolished? |
1861 |
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Why was Serfdom abolished? |
Alexander felt that the preservation of Serfdom was harming the advancement of Russian Society, and that to compete with other European Countries, Serfdom should be abolished, |
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What were the limitations to the abolishment of serfdom? |
Redemption payments still tied freed serfs to land, establishment of the mir kept them under government control |
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When was the Zemstva introduced? |
1864 |
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What were the reasons for the establishment of the Zemstva? |
Alexander realised that due to Russias massive size, local government was needed to manage the land |
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When were the legal reforms? |
1864 |
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What legal system were the legal reforms based on? |
Western legal system |
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What was the main flaw with the legal reforms |
Gave enemies of the Tsar a platform to attack the regime in court, which had access to all |
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What year was censorship relaxed? |
1865 |
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Why was Censorship Relaxed? |
The Tsar felt that by relaxing censorship, New ideas could be spread that would help the development of Russia |
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What event happened in 1866 that ushered in a period of counter-reform? |
Assassination attempt by Karakozov |
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What year was Censorship tightened? |
1873 |
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When were the military reforms? |
1874 |
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What were the reasons for military reform? |
Russia's army was was significantly weaker than other European powers, due to low morale and equipment |
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What were the consequences of the Vera Zasulich case? |
political trials moved into a separate private court |
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When did Alexander give approval for the Loris Melikov proposals? |
1881 |
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What would the Loris-Melikov proposals have done? |
established a national Duma |
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Give an example of a reform brought in by the military Reform |
Mandatory service reduced to 15 years, 6 active and 9 in reserve |
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Give an example of a reform brought in by the censorship reform |
papers could now publish articles critical of autocracy |
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Give an example of a reform brought in by the Local government reforms |
Zemstva could manage taxation in local areas |
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Give an example of a reform brought in by the legal reforms |
Trials were public and media and other people could attend |
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What were the reasons for the education reforms? |
Alexander felt that higher literacy was essential in modernising Russia, roughly 10% were literate |
