History Of Sports

Front 1

Frank Merriwell

Back 1

Role model for middle class people.
Fictional character in a book series written by Bart L. Strandish in 1896.
Played all sports and had to overcome obstacles.

Front 2

Muscular Christianity

Back 2

Belief that men who participatein physical activites will develope stronger moral character and spirital body.

Front 3

Newport

Back 3

Golf course club established in 1893.
Another country club for the upper class.
One of 5 country clubs that established the United States Golf Association.

Front 4

A.G. Spaulding and Brother

Back 4

Sporting goods company with ties to Amateur Athletic Union.
ONly allowed sports to use these products.

Front 5

Pneumatic Tire

Back 5

Made the tire out of rubber.
Helped with control, traction, and breaking.
Good for dirt roads instead of old steel tires.

Front 6

Country Club of Brookline

Back 6

First country club in the United States(1882)
Club focused on the upper class with sports such as horseback riding, hunting, yachting, and tennis.

Front 7

THe Frawley Act

Back 7

Law passed by senator James J. Fawley in order to make boxing legal again.
Limited math to 10 rounds.
Later overrideen in 1917 by a Republician administer.

Front 8

John Morrissey

Back 8

Bare knucle fighter and gang member in New York in 1850.
Used fame from winning the boxing championship to get elected for Congress.
Member of Tammany Hall.

Front 9

New York Highlanders

Back 9

Later known as the New York Yankees.
1 of 8 baseball teams in the AMerican League.
Called Highlanders because of British military.

Front 10

Frederick Law Olmsted

Back 10

Famous architect that is most known for creation of Central park.
Looking for a way to bring people of all classes together.

Front 11

Madison Square Garden

Back 11

Arena located in New York City.
Built in 1890 by Stanford.
Most famous sports arena in the United States.

Front 12

American Jockey Club

Back 12

Formed to improve quality of horse breeds and to make horse racing more popular.
Associated with opening new horse racing track Jerome Park.

Front 13

Charles Eliot

Back 13

Harvard student who recieved cash prizes for his rowing prizes.
Became president of Harvard.
Tried to stop colleges from playing professional teams.

Front 14

Wicket

Back 14

3 round stumps with 2 small peices of wood sat on the top.
Center of the game and allows a team to score points.

Front 15

Atlantics and Excelsiors

Back 15

2 baseball teams playing for the championship game during the 1860.
Known for their skills and ability/talent.

Front 16

Knickerbocker Club and New York Athletic Club

Back 16

KC- First baseball team to compete against other teams.
NYAC- First non-ethnic club opened for men to work out.

Front 17

Catharine Beecher

Back 17

Leader advocate of athletic activities for women.
Encouraged physical fitness.
Thought exercise would help reform social problems.

Front 18

Lady Suffolk

Back 18

15 year horse racing career.
First hero in the sport.
Won between $35,000 and $60,000.

Front 19

Broughton RUles

Back 19

Wirtten by Jack Broughton in 1743.
Round ends when boxer falls.
"fair rules"

Front 20

Fashion vs. Peytona

Back 20

Largest North/South horse race in Long Island.
Atteneded by over 50,000 spectators.
Peytona won Queen of the Turf and $20,000.

Front 21

Thomas McCoy

Back 21

20 yr old Irish Boxer.
He was a whitehall boatman.
Died while boxing.

Front 22

Great foot race of 1835

Back 22

10 mile long race that had to be completed within the hour.
Held on Union Course, Long Island.
Henry Stannard won 1st and recieved $1,300.

Front 23

A Virginia "Cock pit"

Back 23

Hampton Country, Virginia- 1787.
Several houses form a square and that served as teh stage.

Front 24

John Winthrop

Back 24

First governor of Massachusetts Bay Company.
Set forth the values which God has ordained.

Front 25

Robert "King" Carter

Back 25

Very successful planter.
INvolved in the competitive tabacco industry.
He was very materalism.

Front 26

Indian "ball play"

Back 26

Choctaw lacrosse match starting in the 1830's.
First noted use of referees, spectators, and betting on team sports.

Front 27

Horse Race Contract

Back 27

Agreement in 1698 between Richard Ward and John Stewart in Henrico County.
Specified length of race, weight of rider, and finish line.

Front 28

Book of sports

Back 28

Written in 1618 by King James I.
Wanted people to play sports on Sundays.
Was his perspective on colonial sports.

Front 29

Boston Rat Pit

Back 29

Located under ground and usually in basements of bars.
A arena that was made of boards.
Rats dumped in.
People bet on how many a dog can get in a certain time.
Put the dog in the arena and repeat and until all the rats are gone.

Front 30

THe "reverse Rule"

Back 30

A rule where a baseball team could protect 5 of their players for next year.
This rule took all the rights from the players and gave them to the club.

Front 31

Judge Oliver Wendel Holmes, Jr.

Back 31

Ruled over the case that tried the conspiracy to destroy the Federal League by buying teams and getting others to leave the league.
Judge rulled that baseball was not subject to antitrust laws because they were crossing state lines and therefore not protected by the Sherman Act.

Front 32

William Hulber

Back 32

Business leader that attempted to turn baseball into a paying entertainment business. Good management, getting the best players, and good salaries and limiting the games with other solid teams would help increase revenue.

Front 33

"Blinky" Palermo

Back 33

Was the manager for the boxer Ike Williams and was in charge of his finance. THroughout the years after many of the matches, Mr. Williams money would secreetly disappear.There were many bribes that were made for Ike Williams to lose matches by Blinky always told him to use his own judgement.

Front 34

Chavez Ravine

Back 34

Site where the Los Angeles Dodgers current stadium is.
Named after Julian Chavez.
Owned by the L.A. Housing Authority where they were going to build public housing and was traded for Wrigley Field.

Front 35

Roone Arledge

Back 35

Came up with the idea to broadcast football on tv.
This included a dynamic halftime show, multiple camera angles, and slow motion. Later included all major sports and oversaw the "wide world of sports."

Front 36

James "Cool Papa" Bell

Back 36

Played baseball in the Negro Leagues for 50 seasons.
He was traded from team to team and continued to play despite the hardships that he encountered.
Known as the fastest man to every play the game.
1922

Front 37

The brown bomber

Back 37

Joe Luis was known as the greatest boxer in American History.
Held the heavy weight boxing title for 106 months. Also considered for being a hero for the remark he said about WWII

Front 38

Jeffries-Johnson fight

Back 38

Prize fight between Jack Johnson(black) and Jim Jeffries(white) that took place in Reno. Despite large protest the fight was made a fight over racial supremacy. Johnson won the fight and many riots and beatings took place as a result.

Front 39

Larry McPhail Plan of 1946

Back 39

Yankee president who apposed integration for organized baseball. INtegration went on and Jackie Robinson was signed to a major league contract.

Front 40

Propostions 42 and 48

Back 40

Guidelines set for students to make a C average and a 700 on the SAT or 15 on the ACT. Made students take school more serious.

Front 41

Mr. Rickey

Back 41

Branch Rickey was president of the Dodgers. He signed Jackie Robinson as the first player to play on a integrated team. Mr. Rickey stood by Robinson and supported him through his traits of being a black man on a white mans team.

Front 42

Berkeley Ladies Athletic Club

Back 42

Association that was created in order to give women the same opportunity that men had in the world of sports. By the second year after opening, it had 212 members that trained in gymnastics, swimming, and bowling.

Front 43

Womens field hockey

Back 43

Introduced in the US by Constance M.K. Applebee at the Harvard Summer School for Teachers. Used hockey sticks and indoor baseball equipment. Women were allowed to play this because they thought it didnt carry out masculinity.

Front 44

Nina Korgan

Back 44

26 year old softball player and was considered the best pitcher in softball. Used a bowling like method to pitch releasing the ball only a few inches above the ground.

Front 45

The "Texas Tomboy"

Back 45

Ella "Babe" Dickerson was known as this because of all the sports she could successfully play. She was a champion basketball player and also had several metals in track and field. As she became older she started playing tennis and golf, where she became the co-founder of the Ladies Professional Golf Association(LPGA).

Front 46

The "gendered rhetoric" of sport

Back 46

Gender rhetoric refers to the separation of male and femal charateristics in the sports world and the assumed ablities depending on gender. The concepts of masculinity have kept some women from participating in competitive sports. Male superiority was also assumed when it came to sexual difference.