History Of Psych Chapter 17

Front 1

absurd

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the existential idea that the search for inherent meaning in life is futile

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authentic life

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existentialists: type of life that is freely chosen and not dictated by the values of others. In such a life, one's own feelings, values and interpretations act as a guide for conduct.

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becoming

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a characteristic of the authentic life because the authentic person is always becoming something other than what he or she was. Becoming is the normal, healthy psychological growth of a human being.

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being beyond the world

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Binswanger's term for becoming.

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Binswanger

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applied Heiddegger's existential philosophy to psychiatry and psych. a prereq for helping an emotionally disturbed person ins toetermine how that person views himslef or herself and the world.

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Daseinanlysis

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Binswanger's method of psychotherapy that requires that the therapist unerstand the client's worldview. Daseinanalysis examines a person's mode of being in the world.

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World design

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Binswanger: weltanschauung

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Heiddegger

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expanded Husserls phenomenology to include an examination of the totality of the human ted, itexperience.

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being motivation

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for malsow the type of motivation that characterizes the self actualizing person. Because being motivated is not need directed, it embraces higher values of human existence, like beauty truth and justice.

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being perception

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perception that embraces fully "what is there" because it is not an attempt to locate specific items that will satisfy needs.

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camus

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a french writer wo whon the nobel proze for his works in existential psych and political science

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conditions of worth

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rogers: the conditions that the relevant people in ourlives place on us and that we must meet before these people will give us positive regard.

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Construct systems

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According to Kelly, the collection of personal constructs with which people make predictions about future events.

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kelly, george

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emphasized that it is always possible to construe one's self and the world in a variety of ways. For Kelly, psychological problems are essentially perceptual problems.

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constructive alternativism

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kelly: it is always possible to view ourselves and the world in a variety of ways.

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Daimonic

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may: any human attribute or function that in moderation is positive but in excess is negative.

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May

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instrumental in bringing european existential philosophy and psych to the US.

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Dasein

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Heidegger's term for being in the world

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daseinalysis

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Binswanger's method of psychotherapy that requires that the therapist understand the client's worldview. Daseinalysis examines a person's mode of being in the world.

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Deficiency motivation

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according to Maslow, motivation that is directed toward the satisfaction of some specific need.

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Eigenwelt

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binswanger's term for a person's private inner experiences

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Existential psych

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key concepts include freedom, individuality, responsibility, anxiety, guilt, throwness, and authenticity.

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fixed role therapy

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Kelly: brand of therapy whereby he would assign a role for his clients to play that was distinctly different from the client's self-characterization. With this type of therapy, the therapist acts much like a supporting actor.

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flourishing

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positive psychologists:, the state of being free from mental illness and also living an enthusiastic, meaningful life

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ground of existence

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Binswanger's term for the circumstances into which a person is thrown and according to which he or she must make choices.

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Hierarchy of needs, who

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Maslow, things people attain to self acutalize

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humanistic psych

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closely aligned with existential. assumes that humans are basically good. if negative environmental factors do not stifle human dev, humans will live humanely.concerned with examining more positive aspects of human nature that behaviorism and psychoanalysis neglect.

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incongruent person

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Roger's term for the person whose organismic valuing process is replaced by conditions of worth as a guide for living.

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intentionality

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Brentano's contention that every mental act refers to something external to the act.

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Maslow

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humanistic psych, emphasided the innate human tendency toward self actualization.

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Merleau-Ponty

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french academic psychologist known for his existential phenomenology. Modern phenomenological psychology is often derived from his methods.

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Mitwelt

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Binswanger's term for the realm of social interactions.

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Narrative therapy

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Examines the stories by which people live and understand their lives, where necessary, encourages the replacement of ineffective stories with effective ones.

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need directed perception

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Perception whose purpose is to locate things in the environment that will satisfy a need.

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need for positive regard

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rogers: the need for positive responses from the relevant people in one's life

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ontology

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study of the nature of existence

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organismic valuing process

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rogers: innate internal guidance system that a person can use to "stay on the track" toward self actualization

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phenomenology

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introspective study of intact mental experience

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propositional thinking

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kelly: the experimentation with ideas to see where they lead.

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pure phenomenology

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the methodology proposed by Husserl to discover the essence of those mental acts and processes by which we gain all knowledge.

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Rogers

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humanist. nondirective and then client centered psychotherapy was seen by many as the first viable alternative to psychoanalysis as a method for treating mentally ill. theory of personality emphasized the innate tendency toward self actualization. people continue towards self actualization unless organismic valuing process is displaced by conditions of worth as a guide for living. The only way to avoid creating conditions of worth is to give a person unconditional positive regard.

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Sartre

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french philosopher earned nobel prize for existentialist writings

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self characterization

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kelly: required his clients to give this self description before therapy

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throwness

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circumstance sthat characterize a persons existence that are beyond the person's control

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umwelt

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binswanger: term for physical world