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53 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Beat
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same as pulse. (Heartbeat)
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Changes
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see Harmonic Progression
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Chops
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Technical facility, endurance (Slang)
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Blue Note
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A note, part of a particular scale, that gives a bluesy quality to the musical line. Includes flat 3,5, and 7. Also, a very famous jazz club in NYC.
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Call & Response
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A generic term used in composition and improvisation, it originates from black church music.
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Antiphonal
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A form of musical response, i.e. one choir answering another; music characterized by the alternation of two or more parts.
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Chromatic Notes
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that are "foreign" to a given key, and the free utilization of altered notes.
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Crescendo
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Musical term meaning get louder
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Diminuendo
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Musical term meaning get softer
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Discography
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A listing of recordings, usually categorized by genre, player, or band
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Flat
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1) To play below the pitch. 2) A chromatic alteration to a pitch
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Harmonic Progression
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A series of chords, or harmonies. Referred to as the changes
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Head
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The melody of the tune. A jazz performance usually begins by playing the "head".
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Lick
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similar to a riff - a pattern of notes, in all keys, used as the basic vocabulary of jazz
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Measure
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Same as bar. A group of pulses
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Meter
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The groupings of these pulses or beats. It can be caused by accenting certain beats.
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Mode
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Similar to a scale. A sequence of acoustic relationships. Not the same as key
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Mute
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An accessory to a brass instrument, it changes the sound, making it brassier, softer, etc...
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Obligato
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An accompanying line or part, used to enhance a melody.
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Pentatonics
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a five note scale, with no 4th or 7th. Used as vocabulary for the jazz language.
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Pizz
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"Pizzicato" - the strings are plucked instead of bowed (arco)
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Tempo
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Relative speed of the pulse
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Plunger
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A common rubber toilet plunger used as a muting device by trumpet and trombone players.
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Release
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1) to stop a note. 2) The bridge
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Riff
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a short repetitive figure usually played by a section behind a soloist
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Rhythm
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The pattern that goes on top of the beat (pulse)
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Rubato
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free in tempo
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Scale
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a series of acoustical relationships that divide the octave into tones and semitones
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Sharp
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1) To play above the pitch. 2) A chromatic alteration to a pitch
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Tag
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A colloquial expression, meaning an added or "tagged" on ending.
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Timbre
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Tone color. Caused by relative strength of the overtone series
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Shake
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An instrumental effect sounding like a trill but with a wider intervallic range. Produced by "shaking" the mouthpiece against the lips.
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Syncopation
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A temporary shifting or displacement of a regular metrical accent; emphasis on a weak or unaccented note so as to displace the regular meter
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Tonality
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Key area. Certain chords have more strength and "pull" than others, setting up a hierarchy or chords.
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Triplet
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three notes, played such that they equal two notes of the same value. Three equal notes played within one beat, two beats, or four beats.
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Vibrato
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Rapid up and down motion of the pitch. Gives warmth to a sound. From the verb "vibrate"
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Voicing
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Manipulation of certain chord tones, putting them in different order
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Walking Bass
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A bass line or quarter notes on the pulse, that just "walks along." They can be stepwise or scalar.
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Diatonic
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found naturally in given key
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AABA
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Form of many standard tunes. 32 bars long. 4 sections of 8 bars each. Includes a BRIDGE.
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Blues
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A feeling. Also a form of music. 12 bars, 3 sections of 4 bars each
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Bridge
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The middle section of an AABA tune. Different key area usually. It leads back into the A section. Also part of a stringed instrument that holds up the strings
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Chorus
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One pass through the form of the tune. Similar to going around the board in monopoly. Most people play too many choruses. See VERSE
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Solo Break
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A spot where the band stops playing in order to let the soloist get started
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Stop Time
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The soloist is the only timekeeper. The rhythm section and/or band usually plays a note every two or four bars.
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Trading fours
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alternating four (X) bar phrases between the rest of the band and the drummer. A type of drum solo.
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Vamp
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a short section (usually 2 bars) repeated over and over
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Verse
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Introductory section of a popular song or ballad, as distinguished from the chorus. Irregular number of bars. See CHORUS
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ASCAP
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American Society of Composers, Authors, and Publishers. A licensing agency. (BMI)
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Gig
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A musician's job, engagement. (Slang
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Jam Session
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an informal gathering of musicians, playing on their own time and improvising on one or two numbers. After hours. Not found anymore
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Sideman
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A musician in a band, different from the leader
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Attack
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To start a note. Different shapes
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