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79 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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'on the origin of species'
survival of the fittest natural selection struggle for existence |
Darwin
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defining genuine cultural knowledge way of acquiring social power
redefining is a way of resisting |
Foucult
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'Tragedy of the Commons'
The right to breed |
Hardin
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'The Land Ethic'
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Leopold
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Gaia Theory - earth is a complex system and an individual organism
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Lovelock
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'Principles of Geology' - uniformitarianism, law of superposition
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Lyell
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Functionalism
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Malinowski - all behaviour has a reason
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World's population growing too fast to sustain
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Malthus
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Founder of US national parks
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Pinchot
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'All animals are equal' - speciesism
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Singer
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Geography should be in schools
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Kroptkin
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4 studies of geog
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1. laws of earth's modification
2. consequences of topography 3. zoo and phyto geographies 4. human distribution Kroptkin |
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Geographers need to be able ot negotiate political and social differences
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Simandan
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Geography part of Humboldts cosmography and worthy for its own sake
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Boas
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Geography one subject of science and art - otherwise detrimental, one can't exist without the other. Should study both equally
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MacKinder existance of geog
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Geologists vs geographers
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geologists = present for past, geogs = past for present, MacKinder
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Descartes theory of the earth
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Genesis - collapse of earth into water
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Burnet theory of earth
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Genesis - mountains date from flood: builds on Cartesian
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Buffon theory of earth
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Free from Bible, cyclical
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Dissatisfaction with concept of region, now the world
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Kimble
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Plus ca change, plus c'est la meme chose
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Karr the more things change the more things stay the same
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sine qua non
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n. an essential condition
aj. absolutely essential |
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Earth is an inseperable whole
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Semple
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All landforms dependant on structure, process and time
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Davis
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Anaximander of Miletus
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Importance of symmetry of earth
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Aristarchny of Samos
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Earth centred around sun
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Eratosthenes
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Calculated circumference of earth
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Strabo
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5 zones: torrid, temperate, fridgid, temperate, torrid
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Varenius
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Dissented from veiw of divine creation
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Von Haller
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longitude and altitude conditions linked
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Marco Polo
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Advocacy of exploration
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Mercator
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Created accurate maps
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Ussher
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World created 4004 BC
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Woodward
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Disagreed with Burnet. Land and sea less fertile before flood but the same
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Halley and Keill
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Belief in hydrological cylce
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Buffon
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Human agency obliged to transform earth
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Buffon climate
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Forest clearace = warmer climate
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Teleology
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Search for a purpose
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Kant
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Interest in designed world and how nature relates to humans
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Kant - human responsibility
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Humans aren't ultimate end but stewards
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Linnaeus
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No grand purpose to humans, just part of nature
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von Humboldt
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Altitudes and latitudes mirror
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erdkunde
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Ritter - the study of animate and inanimate nature
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Ritter research
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Tried ot identify geographic units and show how places differ
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Johnston
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People make places and places make people
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heterogenus
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mix
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Malthus
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Population size prime cause of poverty
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Galton
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eugenics - metal ability and pysical features inherited
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Reclus - world created for human enjoyment
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la terra des hommes
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Semple
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envi influences not determines
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Davis
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landscape evolution
1. young 2. early landscape 3. mature 4. olda ge never gave time frame |
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Marsh
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Early us conservationist 19c
-overfishing -soil erosian -'welfare of future generations' |
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Fleure - 7
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7 types human region
1.hunger 2.dehabilitation 3.increment 4.effort 5.industrialised 6.lasting difficulty 7.wandering |
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Whiggish
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progress
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Sauer
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landscape change and effect on ppl over time
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Cotton
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Applied Davis' cycles to nz and proposed modifications
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Wellman
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envi influences way see world
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Axioms
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basic principle
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Systematic geog
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formulation of general laws and principles
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regional geog
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compares and contrasts different regions of Earth
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Environmental determinism
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envi main way society develops
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ratzel
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power of phys envi on determining human activity
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Huntington
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Effects of climate on human heredtiy and civilisation: superiority of citizens of temporate zone
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MacKinder - education
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geog as tertiary subject
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MacKinder - belief
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belief in regional study over systematic
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Fleure - interactions
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Emphasis on relations between ppl and ppl not just ppl and envi
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Vidal de la Blache society
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role of society in overcoming envi obstacles
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Vidal de la Blache
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Regions ID by lifestyle
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al-Idrisi
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Strabo's 5 zones of Greek climactic systems didn't correspond
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Varenius
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Geography seperate from cosmology as deals with earth
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Kant - what is geog?
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geography=descripiton according to space
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First uni chairs established
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1870s Switzerland and Germany
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Davis
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'geographical cycle'
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Hagerstrand
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Diffustion processes
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Thunen
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agricultural land use model
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Burgess
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Concentric rings model
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Christaller
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Central place theory
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Haggett
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Books began quantative revolution
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Harvey
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Social justice and the city - LA?
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