History Of Dms

Front 1

Tarentum

Back 1

400 BC
defined nature of sound

Front 2

Aristotle

Back 2

350 BC
theory that sound is carried by the movement of air

Front 3

Boethius

Back 3

350 BC
compared sound waves to the ripples in the water

Front 4

Da Vinci

Back 4

1500
discovered the connection between reflection and angle of incidence

Front 5

Galileo

Back 5

1600s
frequency of sound waves determines pitch

Front 6

Newton

Back 6

1600s
theory of velocity

Front 7

Boyle

Back 7

1600s
theory of elasticity of air

Front 8

Rayleigh

Back 8

1877
THEORY OF SOUND

Front 9

Fresnel

Back 9

theory of wave diffraction

Front 10

Galton

Back 10

Inventor of ultrasonic whistle

Front 11

Joule

Back 11

described ferromagnetic effect

Front 12

Doppler

Back 12

effect of motion on sound
(doppler effect)

Front 13

Curie

Back 13

piezoelectric effect

Front 14

Langevin & Chilowsky

Back 14

WWI
-studied sound frequency & intensity in water (Hydrophone)
-sonar in WWII
-discovered power & effect of sound energy

Front 15

SONAR

Back 15

Sound
Navigation
and
Ranging

Front 16

Uchida

Back 16

1940s
built 1st model ultrasound equipment

Front 17

Tanaka & Wagai

Back 17

1940s
used Uchida's first ultrasound equipment to detect brain tumors, gallstones, breast masses

Front 18

Nimura

Back 18

1950s
Application of Doppler to cardiovascular investigation

Front 19

in the 1950s, ultrasound was used mostly for?

Back 19

therapeutics

Front 20

Dussik

Back 20

1940s
-produced ultrasound images (a-mode) of what he believed were ventricles of the brain
-Hyperphonograms

Front 21

Ludwig

Back 21

1940s
experiments in velocities of ultrasound in animal tissue

Front 22

Wild

Back 22

discovered thickness differences in normal vs. cancerous tissue

Front 23

Reid

Back 23

developed first B-mode transducer

Front 24

Howry

Back 24

1949-50
-production of accurate anatomical pictures of soft tissue structures
-produced PULSE-echo scanner
-1st cross-sectional picture (Somagram)

Front 25

Howry & Holmes

Back 25

1950s
immersion tank to eliminate 'false' echoes and produce better images

Front 26

Holmes & Wright

Back 26

1960s
First commercial portable ultrasound system

Front 27

Donald

Back 27

1950s
-proved tumors had different echo patterns than normal tissue
-perfecting A-mode measurements to estimate fetal age, weight & growth
FATHER OF OBSTETRIC ULTRASOUND

Front 28

Donald & Brown

Back 28

1950s
-first B-mode scanner to produce first crude fetal scan
-Diasonograph: first handheld scanner

Front 29

Hertz & Edler

Back 29

1950s
-used A & B mode techniques to demonstrate intracardiac structures
-developed Reflectoscope for cardiac imagining in 1977
23 YEARS LATER

Front 30

Oksala & Baum

Back 30

1950s
Opthalmic Ultrasound

Front 31

Bronson

Back 31

1960s/70s
-handheld sonar transducer for use in ophthalmic surgery
-digital scan converters show 64 shades of gray

Front 32

Maslak

Back 32

1980s
merged computer technology with diagnostic ultrasound
FATHER OF MODERN ULTRASOUND

Front 33

Chapman

Back 33

1960s
1st Female president of AIUM
Formed American Society of Ultrasound Technical Specialists (ASUTS)

Hint 33

female

Front 34

Baker

Back 34

-1st president of what is now SDMS
-initiated term "sonographer"
-currently president of Sound Ergonomics

Hint 34

female

Front 35

Craig

Back 35

-developed many clinical and didactic ultrasound programs
-author of several articles and textbooks to continue education of fellow sonographers

Hint 35

female

Front 36

Feigenbaum

Back 36

1960s
-ability to detect pericardial effusion
-developed 1st echocardiography courses

Front 37

Gramiak & Shah

Back 37

1960s
Contrast Echocardiography

Front 38

significant events for US in 1980s

Back 38

-transesophageal transducers
-Multiple companies began commercially distributing ultrasound equipment

Front 39

Vascular Ultrasound milestones

Back 39

1980s/90s
-doppler incorporated into most ultrasound systems
-diagnose DVTs
-Harmonic imaging = improved resolution

Front 40

Fry

Back 40

First bioeffects research
-if too high, tissue cavitation occurs

Front 41

ultrasound bioeffects

Back 41

1960s
NO lasting effects

Front 42

Ultrasonic Institute Octoson

Back 42

1970s
produced high-resolution compound scans at a rate of one second per scan

Front 43

analog scan converter

Back 43

converts echoes from body to signals by computer technology
-grey-scale imaging

Front 44

Digital Scan Converters

Back 44

1970s
stores echoes in digital format
able to view 64 shades of gray

Front 45

Doppler Effect

Back 45

frequency of sound increases/decreases as source moves toward or away from transducer.

Front 46

Eugene Standness

Back 46

1960s
-devoted his career to non-invasive measurements of the peripheral vascular system
-assigned waveform patterns to particular disease processes

Front 47

Baker

Back 47

1970s
developed ability to determine blood flow volume from velocity measurements

Front 48

Doppler Milestones

Back 48

1970s
-able to use Doppler while using gray-scale simultaneously
-able to use COLOR

Front 49

Real-Time Imaging

Back 49

1970s
Ability to visualize and record moving structures with use of automated scanners

Front 50

Real-Time Imaging Milestones

Back 50

-Amniocentesis able to be performed in the ultrasound lab along with needle guide
-OBSTETRIC ultrasound (able to see early pregnancy structures and intrauterine growth retardation)

Front 51

21st Century Ultrasound

Back 51

-3D and 4D imaging
-hand-held systems
-radio frequency Ablation (monitors tumor size and position while it is destroyed)
-HIGH image resolution
-wireless abilities

Front 52

Future Ultrasound Developments

Back 52

-contrast ultrasound techniques (inject dye)
-Transcranial Ultrasound