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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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investigations into inheritance of pea plants |
1865 / 1866 – Gregor Mendel |
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chromosomes are involved with inheritance |
1890 – Theodor Boveri |
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observed chromosomes in grasshopper cells |
1900 – Walter Sutton |
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his work was rediscovered by three scientists: Hugo De Vries, Erich von Tschermack, and Carl Correns |
1900 / 1901 – Mendel |
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discovered that some diseases might be inherited |
1902 – Archibald Garrod |
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working independently, each egg and sperm cell contains only one of each chromosome pair |
1903 – Sutton and Boveri |
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a single Y chromosome determines maleness, and two copies of the X chromosome determine femaleness |
1905 – Edmund Beecher Wilson and Nettie Stevens |
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gave the term ‘genetics’ |
1906 – Bateson |
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used the term ‘gene’ to describe the carrier of heredity, ‘genotype’ to describe an organism’s genetic make-up, and ‘phenotype’ to describe an organism’s outward appearance. |
1909 – William Johannsen |
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genes are carried on chromosomes. He also showed that some characteristics are carried on the sex chromosome |
1910 – Thomas Hunt Morgan |
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mapped the genes on the fruit fly’s sex chromosomes. |
1911 / 1913 – Alfred Henry Sturtevant |
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discover that X-rays can be used to study the molecular structure of simple crystals, such as salt |
1912 – Sir William Henry Bragg and his son |
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published “The Theory of the Gene” |
1926 – Morgan |
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discovered ‘transformation’ in bacteria |
1928 – Frederick Griffith |
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used bacteria to show that DNA is the hereditary material |
1944 – Oswald Avery, Colin MacLeod, and Maclyn McCarty |
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finds the amounts of adenine and thymine in DNA are about the same, as area the amounts of guanine and cytosine |
1949 – Erwin Chargaff |
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proposed that DNA molecule is a double-stranded helix |
1953 – James Watson and Francis Crick |
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work out the genetic code |
1963 - 1966 – Marshall Nirenberg and Heinrich Matthaei |
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DNA from virus is sequenced for the first time |
1977 – Frederick Sanger, Walter Gilbert and Allan Maxam |
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discovered the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), enabling lengths of DNA to be multiplied |
1983 – Kary Mullis |
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analyze mitochondrial DNA in different human races. They declared that humans have a common ancestor who lived 200,000 years ago |
1987 – Rebecca Cann, Mark Stoneking, and Allan Wilson |
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the first human gene is sequenced by. It is the gene that causes cystic fibrosis. |
1989 – Francis Collins and Lapchee Tsui |
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The Human Genome Project is launched. |
1990 |
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Cystic fibrosis became the first genetic disease to be treated using gene therapy. |
1993 |
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The genome of H. influenzae is sequenced. This is the first complete genome of an organism. |
1995 |
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First draft sequences of the human genome are released at the same time by the Human Genome Project and Celera Genomics. |
2000 |
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The Human Genome Project is successfully completed. |
April 14, 2003 |
