History Of Architecture Buildings 3

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St. Peter-on-the-Wall, Bradwell (England), c. 660

-Built by Saxons

-Largest/oldest Christian Church in England

-Few decorative aspects

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Baptistry of Venasque, Venasque (France), 6th century

-Built by Franks

-Continued use of Roman Basilica form

-Shape of Greek cross

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Gate, Monastery of Lorsch (Germany), c. 770

-Built by Franks

-jewel of the Carolingian Renaissance

-centre of power, spirituality and culture in the Holy Roman Empire until well into High
Middle ages

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Palatine Chapel, Aachen (Germany), 796-805 Architect: Otto of Metz

-centrally planned with 8 piers, domed chapel

-plan/decoration combines elements of Classical, Byzantine and Pre-Romanesque and
opulent materials as expression of new royal
house

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Front 5

Ste.-Foy, Conques (France), c. 1105-1120

-built by the Franks

-popular stop for pilgrims on their way to Santiago de Compostela (Spain)

-basilica plan that has been modified into cruciform plan

-large emphasis on verticality

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Ste.-Madeleine, Vézelay (France), 1104-32

-built by the Franks

-largest Romanesque church in France

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Fontenay Abbey (France), 1139-1147

-built by the Franks

-one of the oldest and most complete Cistercian abbeys in Europe

-forms link between Romanesque and Gothic architecture

-primarily constructed using stones from local areas

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St.-Denis, abbey church (France), choir begun 1144

Patron: Abbot Suger

-built by the Franks

-place of pilgrimage and burial place of French kings

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Front 9

Chartres Cathedral (France), 1194-1260

-built by the Franks

-no direct light enters building

-rose window

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Front 10

Salisbury Cathedral (England), 1220-1320 Architect: Elias of Dereham

-built by the British

-tallest church spire in UK

-three levels - tall pointed arcade open gallery; small clerestory

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Lincoln Cathedral (England), 1185-1311

-built by the British

-double arcade in choir aisles

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Arnolfo di Cambio, Palazzo Vecchio, Florence (Italy), 1299-1314

--built by the Italians

-town hall of Florence

-three courtyards

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Michelozzo di Bartolomeo, Palazzo (Palace) Medici, Florence, 1444

-built by the Italians

-stone masonry that included rustication and ashlar

-tripartite elevation = expresses Renaissance spirit of rationality, order and classicism
on human scale

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Filippo Brunelleschi, Ospedale degli Innocenti (Foundling Hospital), Florence, 1419-44

-originally Children’s orphanage

-emphasis on horizontal because building is longer than it is tall

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Filippo Brunelleschi, S. Lorenzo and Old Sacristy, Florence, begun 1422

-one of the largest churches in Florence

-parish church of Medici family

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Filippo Brunelleschi, dome of Santa Maria del Fiore (Florence Cathedral), Florence, 1242 and later

-main church of Florence

-excessively decorated

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Front 17

Leon Battista Alberti, Palazzo Rucellai, Florence, c. 1450-70

- emphasizes symmetry, proportion, geometry and the regularity of parts

*different classical orders

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Front 18

Leon Battista Alberti, S. Francesco, Rimini, begun 1450

-burial chapel

-one of the first ecclesiastical buildings to incorporate classical architecture

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Leon Battista Alberti, S. Maria Novella, Florence, (remodeling) 1456-70

-piers between nave and aisles are closer deeper into the nave

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Leon Battista Alberti, S. Andrea, Mantua, 1472-94

*largely brick structure with hardened stucco used for surface

*defined by large central arch flanked by Corinthian pilasters

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Front 21

Donato Bramante, Tempietto, Rome, begun 1502

-small commemorative martyrium (tomb)
-“small temple”

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Front 22

Giulio Romano, Palazzo del Té, Mantua (Italy), 1525-34

-poor Roman proportions = oversized keystone arches; columns further apart on one
side; keystone arch through pediments

-fine example of mannerist style of architecture

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Michelangelo Buonarroti, Laurentian Library, vestibule, Florence, begun 1524

-balance between sculpture, painting and architecture

-no flat ornament = almost sculptural

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Andrea Palladio, Basilica Palladiana, Vicenza (Italy), 1549

-loggia which shows one of first examples of what came to be be
known as Palladian window

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Front 25

Andrea Palladio, Villa Barbaro, Maser (Italy), 1557-58

-both villa and working farm

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Andrea Palladio, Villa Almerico-Capra (La Rotonda), Vicenza, 1556-57

-completely symmetrical building having square plan with four facades, each of which
has projecting portico

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Front 27

Domenico da Cortona, et al., Royal palace at Chambord (France), begun c. 1520

-Built by the French

-extensive gardens and water features

-double helix staircase

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Completion of St. Peter’s, Rome, 1503-1612:

1503-1514: Donatello Bramante’s plan

- enormous Greek cross with dome inspired by Pantheon

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Completion of St. Peter’s, Rome, 1503-1612:

1546-64: Michelangelo’s plan and exterior walls

-reinforced center piers to make possible to bear such large dome
*drew on ideas on previous architects

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Completion of St. Peter’s, Rome, 1503-1612:

1580s: Giacomo della Porto, dome

*made cupola taller by stretching it

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Front 31

Completion of St. Peter’s, Rome, 1503-1612:

1606-12: Carlo Maderno, nave extension, interior, and main facade

-extended Michelangelo’s building into a nave

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Front 32

Mosque and Külliye of Süleyman the Magnificent (Süleymaniye), Istanbul, 1550-57

Architect: Mimar Koca Sinan

-largest mosque in the city/one of the best known sights

-modeled after Hagia Sophia

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Mosque and Külliye of Selim I (Selimiye), Edirne, 1568-1574

Architect: Mimar Koca Sinan

-less about geometry/composition; more about transcendental interior spaces/repetition
of forms

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Giacomo Vignola and Giacomo della Porta, Il Gesù, Rome, begun 1568

-Mannerist styled architecture
-shows underlying geometry but breaks up with ornamentations

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Gian Lorenzo Bernini, Completion of St. Peter’s, Rome, 1623-1667

-baldacchino = pavilion-like structure; bronze structure that stands beneath the done
and above the altar

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Gian Lorenzo Bernini, S. Andrea al Quirinale, Rome, 1658-70

-built for Jesuit seminary

-important example of Roman Baroque architecture

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Francesco Borromini, S. Carlo alle Quattro Fontane, 1637-41; façade begun 1665

-built as part of complex of monastic buildings

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Guarino Guarini, S. Lorenzo, Turin, 1668-80

-light as symbol of the Absolute

-cupola = gives interior full lighting effect

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