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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Sublime
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impressing the mind with a sense of grandeur or power
ex. Boulee, Cenotaph for Newton, 1780, grand, pure, geometric shapes evoke both exhilaration and anxiety |
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Structural Rationalism
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the rationality of science should serve as the basis for where structural members should be placed
ex. Labrouste, Bibliotheque Nationale, Paris, 1860 |
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Picturesque
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having pleasing or interesting qualities; strikingly effective in appearance
ex. Web, Red House, Kent, 1860 |
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Roussilon or Catalan vault
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a type of low arch made of plain bricks. It is traditionally constructed by laying bricks lengthwise, making it a much gentler curve
used in Gaudi, Sagrada Familia, 1882 |
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Haussmannization
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1860s plan by Baron Haussmann that tore down Medieval areas of Paris to create a more modern city
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Richardsonian Romanesque
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-follows Beaux Arts preference for clear, well-org. plan
-likes Medieval massing -picturesque massing and roofline profiles -heavy rustication of stone and recessed entrances -cylindrical towers w/ conical caps. embedded in walls -Richardson, Trinity Church, Boston, 1872 |
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Prairie School
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-architect movement similar to Arts & Crafts, in Chicago in early 20th century, rejected mass production, embrace hand crafting
-attempted to create "american" style horizontal lines -low, flat, or hipped roofs w/ broad eaves -windows group in horizontal bands -careful, spare use of ornamentation -Wright, Robie House, Chicago, 1909 |
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Organic architecture
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-promotes harmony between human habitation and the natural world
-sympathetic and well integrated with site -Wright, Falling Water, Bear Run, PA, 1934 |
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Usonian architecture
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-organic/connected to site, urban/less expensive style, meant to be affordable
-acknowledges indiginous site of houses, originally for suburbs, -heated floors, first to have carport, fireplace is a focal point Wright, Gordon House, Silverton, OR, 1957 |
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Quadruple block plan
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4 houses set back within one block, sometimes w/ space between each for shared outdoor space
-to prevent streets from being lined with rows of houses facing the street |
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Art Nouveau
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(1890-1905) against cluttered Victorian and against repeated revivals, break distinction between art and life "total art form"
-serpentine lines, S-shapes, undulating, meandering, often rhythmic and repetitions Mackintosh, Glasgow School of Art, 1897-1909 |
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Vienna Secession
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(1897-1909) no coherent style, but embrace Art Nouveau
-more basic geometric forms, seceded from traditional art of the time, more organic Hoffman, Palais Stoclet, Brussels, 1905-1911 |
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Raumplan
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"plan of volumes"
lines, clean curves, continuous merging shapes usually each room on slightly different elevations |
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Deutsche Werkbund
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German Work Federation
group of architects and companies to develop high level of design dedication reform Germany's art education not lux goods, mass goods Gropius, Fagus Factory, Alfeld-an-der-Leinee, 1911 |
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Expressionism
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opposed to Werkbund and seeking norms
emphasis on producing personal response materials unified and appear more monolithic Mendelsohn, Albert Einstein Observatory, Potsdam, 1917 |
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Bauhaus
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literally "building School"
Unify Architecture, Design and art by industrializing start with universal design principles, then move into specialization/media Muche and Meyer, Versuchshaus (experimental house), Weimar, 1922 |
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Orthogonal grid plan
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grid composed of horizontal and vertical lines, here referring to that used to create a network of street like in Omaha
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Garden City Movement
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urban plan to make self-contained communities surrounded by a green belt, containing residences, industry and agriculture
Howard, Letchworth, Hertordshire, 1903 |
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De Stijl
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"the style"
1. use of straight lines and rectangular/squareforms 2. use of only primary colors or black/white/gray 3. avoidance of symmetry Rietveld, Schroder House, Utrecht, 1924 |
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Neo-Plasticism
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new plastic art, artistic language for modern man, reduced to more basic usable form
not natural forms/colors, ABSTRACT Tatlin, Monument to the Third International, 1920 |
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Constructivism
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Russian Avant Garde art 1917-1930
instead of carving/modeling, emphasize building and construction goal- to help construct/produce new society -Vesnin, Pravda Building, Moscow, 1923 |
