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61 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The Cold War
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Explicitly or implicity, every african state was forced to takes sides in the cold war.
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Did Africans want to pick sides during the Cold War?
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No. Even those who talked were just using world.
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What is one of the root problems that has continued to bedevil africa to this day?
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It was the legacy of being born into a violent world where there was a world wide political struggle, that Africans did not need to be in.
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What is an argument made against the idea that the Cold War continues to bedevil africa today?
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They argue that the cold war ended over 20 years
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Why is AFrica still bedeviled 20 years after the cold war?
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Because another cold war developed in the last 10 years.
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What is this new World Power?
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Cold war of who is the the world's economic power, What nation will have access to resources which will help those nations dominate played in the word econ of the 21st century.
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Who are the players in the new cold war?
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US and its allies
China |
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Very few americans know that this country has penetrated Africa
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China
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Why has china penetrated Africa?
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To gaurentee primacy to Africa's raw materials.
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What is one of the things that gave China access to Africa?
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ZAMBIA ( Used to be known as Northern Rhodesia)
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What is Zambia known for?
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Wealth is soley based off of COPPER.
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What is the name of the area in Zambia that is full of copper?
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THE COPPER BELT
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What is the problem with Zambia and copper?
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It is land locked.
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Dar-es Salaam
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China offered a 1.5 billion dollar loan, interest free and in addition, china agreed to provide 50,00 chinese laborers to actually build the line. This is where the RR would lead to, In tanzania.
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Tan- Zam Railway
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The RR china provided a loan for to Zambia, to get copper out for trading. It was opened in 1979.
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What does China do differently than other outsiders did to take control of Africa, in Zambia and Tanzania?
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They do not try to influence their government. Chinese workers kept separate from everyone else,
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What does the Tan-Zam RR a symbol of?
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First sign that China meant to be a major play on the world's stage. It also showed that China understood the acute sensitivity that Africans had to any hint of interference.
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The Tan-Zam Railway is like the ________.
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Trojan Horse. Its a way of bringing China's power into AFrica, but not be a way to gain influence in Africa. Instead africa will benefit equally with China from the endeavor.
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More recent examples of China doing things like building the TAN- Zam RR is located in...
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The Sudan
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What does the Sudan have?
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A shit ton of oil
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How do you get the oil out of Souther Sudan?
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By building a pipeline.
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Did other countries want to invest in this endevor in the sudan?
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No, becuase of the corrupt government and inhumane treatment of people.
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Who agrees to help Sudan out?
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THe chinese
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What does China agree to do in 2006
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Sign an agreement with the Sudan similar to the arrangement made in Zambia.
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What do these Chinese endevors mean?
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Africa has become the focus of the World's economic future. THis is the role of Africa.
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Besides being the answer to the worlds economy, what other role does africa play in the world?
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They are caught in a conflict between cultures, civilizations, and religions. Particularly Islam and the rest of the world.
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What are the two main religions "fighting it out" in africa?
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Islam and Christianity
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Why is africa so involved in this religious conflict?
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Because they have more ppl that anyone else in the wolrd that still use traditional religions. Africa represent the final great oppotunity, for religions to spread their faiths.
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Islamic Frontier
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The line that separtates Islamic north africa from non islamic africa. A line where "conflict" is taking place, where C and I are starting to spread their religions and Afircans are trying to maintain their traditional beliefs.
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Where is the most violent place of this religious conflict?
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The Islamic Frontier
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Where has the most religious conflict on the Islamic Fronteir taken place?
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The Ivory Coast.
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What is this religious conflict mean for Africa?
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Africa finds itself dragged into a conflict not of its own making, but a conflict external to it. These external conflict that are dragging africa into it.
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Historians are also starting to find that where Islam is the dominant religion in Africa, African are asked to...
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take sides in disputes occuring in the middle east. They have nothing to do with Afirca, yet they are being dragged into it whether they want to or not. Such conflict also spills over into the christian world as well
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FUNDAMENTALISM
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C. expansion in africa expands this ideology, which is that the bible is literally true.
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Most christian expansion in Africa...
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Expands in terms of theology, social practices in beliefs, aka Fundamentalism
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Christians in Africa tend to be very...
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CONSERVATIVE Many c. churches in A are outrages at the idea that mainstrem christian churches in the west will accept the idea of femal priests, gay clergy or marriage.
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As Christianity expands, it tends to _____________.
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Disintergrate into separate churches.
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ETHIOPIANISM
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For over 100 years, ever since euro missionaries started showing up, there has been a movement for A's to be become christian, but also to SEPARATE their christianity from the Wests.
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The Religion conflict in Africa is not just between Islam vs. Christianity
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Within these religions, there are conflicts that are cultural and ideological.
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A third was Africa plays a major role in the world today is through...
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OIL.
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What are two countries that has a lot of oil?
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NIGERIA AND GABON
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What countries do a quarter of all of US oil come from?
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Nigeria and Gabon
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There are other countries where preliminary survery suggest they have untapped oil. What is an example of one?
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SOUTHERN SUDAN
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The Gulf of Guinea
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Through geological evidence, it seems to be so full of oil that it is impossible to measure. Countries around here are potentially sitting on a shit ton of oil.
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EQUITORIAL GUINEA, SAO TOME AND PRINCIPE suggest...
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that there are many oil reserves there, because they are islands in the Gulf of Guinea.
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Is the potential mass amounts of oil of Equitorial Guinea, Sao Tome and Principe a good or bad thing?
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Most likely not. The discovery of an enormous valuable mineral wealth has proved to be a huge disaster
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Usually where there is a mass influx in wealth
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It has led to massive corruption, environmental disaster and the reality is that the countries become rich, and the people become poorer.
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THis influx in wealth also means...
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That these countries will be manipulated by outside forces: Countries and private companies.
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Africa is a player in the world's affairs, but is not necessarily _______________________.
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A master of its own fate.
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What is the last thing that is bedeviling Africa?
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The idea of a FAILED STATE.
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FAILED STATE
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Where the gov't doesnt function, leading to moral and social and political collapse
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What is an example of a failed state?
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Portuguese Guinea, or Guinea- Bissau.
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Guinea- Bissau
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One of the poorest countries in the world. It has no natural resources, the litter infrastructure left was destroyed during/ right after independence
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Guinea- Bissau is another example of a leader who...
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refused to give up power, eventually leading to a military coup-d'etate.
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What worsens the the conflicts in Guinea Bissau?
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It is the closest country to the western hemisphere, and the part of the Americas where narcotics are the major industry.
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Narcotics
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Europeans have a horrible narcottcs problem.
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Drug lords from the Americas have a difficult time transporting drugs there so...
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They find someplace in Africa where they can bring in the raw drugs, no questions asked, and the gov't is more than happy to look the other way for a price.
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NARCO-STATE
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What Guinea-Bissau has become. It functions politically and economically by providing a trans=shipment point, a safe haven for illegal drugs.
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The reputation of Today's Africa is...
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It is a place where everything has gone wrong, everything has failed, and nOTHING HAS REALLY CHANGED.
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In a sense, Africa's problems are...
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NOT REALLY AFIRCA'S MAKING. Outsiders all with their own political econ, criminal, religious agenda has always found Africa as an easier arena to play out their particular need, wants, and desires.
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Can Africa change its destructing reputation?
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yes. It simply needs EFFECTIVE LEADERSHIP, who will put Africa and their country infront of themselves.
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