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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What were the two main immigrant groups?
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Irish and German
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What were the reactions to these immigrants?
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-Nativism=favor native born Americans, fears that jobs would be taken
-Know-Nothings=Nativist party, violent |
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Who were some major inventors of the Industrial Revolution?
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-Samuel Slater=father of factory system, built "spinning ginny"
-Eli Whitney=Invented cotton gin, increased slavery, interchangable parts -Howe and Singer=sewing machine, clothing production went to factories -Samuel Morse=telegraph, Morse code-used on railroad -John Deere=steele plow -Cyrus McCormick=iron reper |
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What was the main transition in the farming method in this time period?
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It went to cash crops rather than farming simply to eat. Specialization
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What was the significance of the changed in transportation?
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-Creates National Market economy-shipping
-Regional specialization-South made, North finished -Helped westward expansion |
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What were some transportation improvements?
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-Cumberland Road (National Road)=Maryland to Illonois, East to W
-Erie Canal=NY, connects Great Lakes and Hudson River -Steamboat=Fulton, steam engine, could go upstream in NY -Railroads=biggest method, cheaper, faster, terrain |
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What is Manifest Destiny?
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-God chose America to settle and live
-Begins under Jackson -Election of 1844=Polk(D) vs. Clay(W), Polk wanted TExas and Oregon, very big on expansion |
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What happened in the Mexican war?
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-Polk tried to buy CA from Mexico rejected, so went into war
-Attacked California and win -Alamo (Houston and Santa Anna) |
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What treaty ended the war and what did it say?
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Treaty of Guadalupe
-US gets CA, New Mexico, Arizona, Utah, Nevada -Rio Grande river control -Pays some $ to Mexico, not alot |
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What were the results of the Mexican War?
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-Then had to decide about slavery in new states.
-Wilmot Proviso=any territory from Mexico is no slavery -Tension N and S -Increased US size by a third |
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What was the main crop of the South?
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Cotton
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How was life for free blacks?
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-Discrimination in S=prohibited from jobs, can't testify, re-capturing
-Discrimination in N=no education, no voting, segregation, immigrants competed for same jobs |
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What is abolitionism?
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-Do away w/ slavery
-Recolonization=returning slaves to African, but some didn't want to go -Some thought slavery=sin (church) |
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Who were some abolitionists?
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-William Lloyd Garrison=Liberator-newspaper, N should separate from S
-Grimke sisters=Southern father who had slaves, powerful story -David Walker=black, believed slavery must end now, by any mean -Sojourner Truth=black, powerful speaker, "AIn't I a Woman?" -Frederick Douglas=Black, published North Star newspaper, wrote a famous narrative, wanted civil war |
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What happened in Bleeding Kansas?
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-Sack of Lawrence=people came from other states to vote, pro-state wins for Kansas legistlature so anti-slavery set up their own gov
-Charles Sumner was beat by Brooks, gave speeches -Porrawatomie Massacre=Response to Brooks, by John Brown, rumored that ppl had been killed so he takes pro-slavery ppl to river and kills, violence spreads -Lecompton Constitution=attempt to make Kansas a state, popular sov., anti-slavery wins so it's not a state yet |
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What happened in the Lincoln-Douglas debates?
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-To get elected to Senate, debates
-Freeport Doctrine=L says how can a state vote against slavery (Dred Scott) D says territories can refuse to pass laws protecting slavery -L looses, but is put in national spotlight |
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Who becomes president of the Confederate States?
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Jefferson Davis
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Why did the Southern States succeed?
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-Politics favored N
-Volenteered to be in the Union, so they could get out |
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What were the Northern and Southern advantages in the war?
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North:
-22 states -23 mil ppl -Industrial economy -majority of transportation -Lincoln -Controlled seas South: -11 states -10 mil ppl -Agricultural economy -Limited transportation -Better generals -Defensive war -Better calavary |
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What were the war beliefs of both sides?
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North=War is about slavery and preserving Union
South=War about states rights, independence and way of life |
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What were the main war advantages for both?
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North=economy
South=Generals |
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What was the main reason for the war in the west?
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Control of the Mississippi River
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What happened at the battle of Gettysburg?
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-Lee invades North through Pennsylvania, hoped to get foreign support
-Bloodiest battle of war -Beginning of the end for the South -Union got high ground, and on the third day, C charged the hill b/c they thought U ran out of amo, but they hadn't and mowed them down |
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What was Lincoln/Johnson's plan for reconstruction?
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-Lenient on South, fellow Americans, easily rejoin
-10% of ppl had to take an oath for a state to be re-admitted -amnesty(released from crimes), regain property and political rights -J supported 13th amendment, but not black rights, thought states should decide this -Black codes passed in South -Little attempt to rebuild economy -South admitted under L/J, but refused to pass 14th amend |
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What was the Radical Republican plan?
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-South should be punished for starting war, protect former slaves
-Freedmen's Bureau (clothing, food, shelter, ect.) -Civil Rights Act of 1866, freedmen full legal equality (undermining Black Codes) -Reconstruction Act=under military rule in South |
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What was destroyed in the South?
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-Richmond, Charleston, ATL
-economy destroyed -agricultural=cotton fields ruined -lives ruined bulit off slavery |
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What were the good effects of reconstruction?
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-Tax system increased
-Public schooling -Transportation -Property for women |
