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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Imperialism
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policy of forming and maintaining an empire as as to gain new land as well as gain resources and markets
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"Seward's Folly"
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1867: William Seward purchased Alaska
Americans at the time did not like this |
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Alfred Mahan
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Wrote Influence of Sea Power upon History 1660-1783
Mahan thesis: National greatness or prosperity requires a powerful navy. He used evidence to prove his theory. |
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Josiah Strong
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protestant minister. Said the anglosaxons were chosen by God to rule the world. Wants to Christianize others and have a Christian nat
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Henry Cabot Lodge
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Along with Theodore Roosevelt envied the imperialistic ways of the Europeans. Wondered why US was on the side watching. Thought we might need a war to toughen us up. Said we needed new frontiers
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"White Mans Burden"
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Written by Rudyard Kippling
reference "to life up or help our little brown brothers" seen as an excuse to colonize |
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Jingoism
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an approach which is heavy on patriotism and supports an aggressive even war like policy
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McKinely Tariff Act
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1890: places tariff on Hawaiian sugar. Supported by New Orleans (sugar bowl). This way the Hawaiians depended on us and to survive would have to join the US
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Queen Liliuokalani
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New ruler. Hawaii for the Hawaiians. People wanted to get rid of her because they wanted to be part of the US. She finally steps down after a huge revolt- 1893
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Monroe Doctrine
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Didn't tell if it stretched out to Cuba or out of the country boundaries, over time Roosevelt abused it and many Latin Americans began hating the document instead of TR
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Venezuela Border Dispute
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area between British Guiana and Venezuela, disputed for 50 years and gold was discovered. View of a peaceful revolution faded.
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General "Butcher" Weyler
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Spanish general that was sent to Cuba to crush the rebellion, herded civilians into barbed wire re concentration camps that didn't get any attention, sanitation was poor and it became a place of deadly diseases.
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Yellow Journalism
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Journals created by William R. Hearst and Joesph Pulitzer. Had a harsh competition with one another and sometimes stretched the truth which led to influencing the thoughts of their readers
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William Randolph Hearst
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NY Journal
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Joesph Pulitzer
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NY World
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U.S.S. Maine
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February 15, 1898
Explosion. US sent ship to Cuba and it exploded mysteriously in the Havana Harbor. "Remember the Maine" Everyone assumed the Spanish were responsible |
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De Lome Letter
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Spanish ambassodor was writing a letter to the US. private letter which was publicized in the yellow press. McKinely described as "bidder...crown" Gave America more national pride
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Teller Amendment
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Declared was on April 20, 1898
Said that when the war is over, Cuba will not become a part of the US and all Cubans were free |
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Commodore George Dewey
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Head of the pacific naval fleet and sailed to the Phillipines in case of war on May 1. His heavily armed fleet attached the Spanish fleet and completely destroyed it. Deweys ship was the US Olympia. Over night hero
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Manila Bay
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February 25,1898: TR called on Dewey and he said"You may fire when ready" Spanish fleet was destroyed within minutes. 400 spanish were killed and No US injured. Huge American celebration when news is heard. August 13, 1898 additional troops came and along with Emilio Aguinaldo, they captured Manila
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Rough Riders
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Front and center. Led by TR who resigned for this position. Made of ex-convicts, westerners blacks and ivy league people. Heavy causalities- 200 killed and 1100 wounded
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Battle of San Juan Hill
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Led by William M. Shaftner
July 1, 1898 Then came Kettle Hill where they gained more land and captured El Caney |
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Harbor of Santiago
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Samson was ahead of the Spanish fleet and they are trapped. USS Oregon was ready to fire. Spanish ordered to fight to their death. 500 Spanish die and only 1 US died
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Treaty of Paris
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1898. December 10, the Senate passes with one vote to spare
1. Cuba was to become Independent 2. US would take over Puerto Rico and Guam 3. US would become ruler of the Philippines in exchange for paying Spanish 20 million dollars US becomes a world power at this time |
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protectorate
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a country whose affairs are controlled by a stronger power
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Anti-Imperialists League
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Mark Twain, Andrew Carnegie, Jane Adams (took in the poor and operated an immigrants house)
Democrats, populists and New England Republicans with them |
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1900 Election
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R: McKinely (renominated) issue was VP - TR vs D: Bryan
"Don't haul down the flag" Repubs win by a huge margin |
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Insular Cases
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Began 1901. Supreme Court declare that the constitution didn't extend to Philippines and PR. 2 Categories. 1. potential states one day, Hawaii and Alaska. They would receive the same rights as Americans. 2. Lands that aren't potential at the moment. Guam and Philippines. They would get fundamental rights
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Emilio Aguinaldo
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Led the Philippine rebels. American troops joined and fought for Independence
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Platt Amendment
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US forced the Cubans to write their own constitution the decreed that the US might intervene with troops in order to restore order and to provide mutual protection. Also US gets a navel area in Guantanamo
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Jones Act
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set up a process so over time Phillipines would be able to elect people to lower houses first and then gradually build up from that
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commonwealth
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Place that makes it own laws and handles its own finances (Puerto Rico)
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Spheres of Influence
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England, Russia, France, Germany, Japan. Set up areas over China which they were in control of and in that part the controlled the influence of trade and investments
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Open Door Policy
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US Sec of State John Hays. Wants equal access to all of China's ports while preserving their traditions and culture. Need to recognize China's territorial integrity
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Boxer Rebellion
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"Fists of Universal Harmony" college students that questions things with an idealistic state and use violence to protect China against foreign influence, Christian missionary easiest target why? tried to change the ways of culture and didn't carry weapons
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John Hay
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Secretary of State. Implements President's foreign policy. Thinks powers will crack down of China, sends out different set of notes that states that the Open Door Policy is in effect and it is loosely accepted
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Russo-Japanese War
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1904-1905. Japan decides that they want more resources and looks at parts of China and Korea. Russia is expanding on the other side. Japan becomes worried that they won't get anything. In Manchuria at Port Arthur, Japan attacks the Russian fleets as war goes on, Japan runs low on money and soldiers
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Treaty of Portsmouth
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Japanese pursuing peace in secrecy and go to the US for help. NH takes place. Reps from Russia and Japan meet. Results: Japan gets half of Sakhalin islands and access to Korea. Russia loses out and not forced to pay indemnity. Japan feels cheated though they started the war
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Hay-Paunceforte Treaty
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1901. British willing to yield and gave US freehand to build the canal and conceded the right to fortify it as well
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USS Nashville
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Off the coast during the Panomanian revolt
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Hay Buanau-Varilla Treaty
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After Panimanians raised a successful revolt led by Bunau-Villa who became the Panamania ministers to the US. He signed the treaty in Washington and gave the US control of a 10 mile zone around the proposed Panama Canal
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William Gorgas
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Rids the area of the Panama Canal from disease. "As safe as a health resort"
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George Goethals
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Colonel George Washington Goethals. Engineer who helped build the Panama Canal
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Roosevelt Corollary
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Added to the Monroe Doctrine and delcared that in the event of future monetary problems of Latin American countries with Europeans Countries, the US could pay off the Latin American countries' debts to keep European nations out of Latin America
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The "Big Stick"
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term used for the navy or warships "speak softly and carry a big stick"
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Dollar Diplomacy
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US acts in support of US economic interests in Latin America and Chine hoping bankers and business men will replace sailors and soldiers
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Moral Diplomacy
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By Wilson and said no imperialism "must prove ourselves their friends". Turns out to be harder then Wilson through
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Mexican Revolution
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Diaz replaced with Madero who was then murdered by Victorino Huerta. WW waits and follows "watchful waiting" and stays out of it. Carranzo challnges Hurta and so does Pancho Villa. Pancho kills 16 to 17 American. WW sends men to get him because he crossed the border which is led by Pershing. Never capture Villa. This is when they started calling it moral imperalism
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"watchful waiting"
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used by WW during the Mexican Revolution
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Pancho Villa
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killed Americans and was never captured wanted to become ruler of Mexico
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