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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Jan Hus |
Date/Context:Burned at Stake in 1415 Ws:Czech priest who criticized churches excesses. Significance:His followers engage in the Hussite Wars against roman catholic rulers, effectively beginning the reformation
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Catholic League |
Date/Context:16th and 17th century French Holy Wars Ws:Played a strong role in the holy wars of france, attempting to rid the nation os Protestants and Huguenots Significance:Served as a major player in the counter reformation of France. Also aimed to replace Henry III with a catholic King |
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Kahnawake |
Date/Context:1677 Quebec Ws:Site of a jesuit missionary camp that Kateri Tekakwitha went to following her baptism. She served as a nun here, acting as a tremendous example of conversion. Mohawk tribe laer came here for conversion. Significance:This site represents the successful location of Kateri's life as a native american convert. Serves as an example of french native alliance. |
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Versailles |
Date/Context:1682-1789, France Ws:Palace of Versailles oversaw much of the French politics.Stood as a symbol of power. Significance:Represented the absolute monarchy of the French Empire throughout the religious wars of France. |
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Topkapi Palace |
Date/Context:Palace of Ottoman Empire, 1465 Ws:Symbol of prestige and power, Istanbul (what was then Constantinople) Significance:Held the offices of the Diwan, Kanuname, Petitions, and the Tower of Justice |
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Francisco Pizarro |
Date/Context:1532 Spanish exploration Ws:Spanish Conquistador, conquered Incas in Peru Significance: Decimates the Incas with less than 200 men, highlighting the progress of European technology and the gap between them and the natives. Germs and armor helped. |
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Counter-Reformation |
Date/Context:1540-1560 Ws:Begins at the Council of Trent,in response to proposed reformations by Luther and Calvin Significance:Catholic church begins sending missionaries around the world to stop protestantism. Jesuits like Ignatius help, promoting a new, moral church |
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Mercantilism |
Date/Context:European expansion,16th-18th century Ws:Thomas Mun and Jean Baptiste Colbert, decrease imports while increasing exports. Commerce increased national treasury Significance:This led to European expansion into the new world, leading to great progress. Supported economic growth and power. |
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Father Chauchetiere |
Date/Context:1677, Kahnawake Ws:Met Kateri here, was greatly impressed by her devotion to the church and Christianity. Painted her in an incredibly european portrayal. Significance:Father Chauchetiere witnessed the Christian life of Kateri and her conversion. He later painted her and wrote a biography on her inspirational life. |
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St. Bartholomew's Day disaster |
Date/Context:1572 France Ws:Catholics murder 3000 huguenots in Paris at Henry III wedding Significance:Leads to retaliation of Protestants and scholars like franco Hotman, who say they have the right to resist tyrannical rulers and have representative gvts |
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Council of Trent |
Date/Context:1540s-60s counter reformation Ws:Condemn protestant heresies and respond to luther Significance:Sets agenda for moral renewal and the counter reformation. Puts into motion many of the holy wars. |
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John Calvin |
Date/Context:Reformation, 1534 Ws:Posts sheets on Paris church denouncing catholicism, creates Calvinism. Pre destination Significance:Major player in the Christian reformation, also helped lead to the church's decree on reformation. |
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Philip II |
Date/Context:1556, Spain Ws:Most powerful Catholic european leader, great catholic unifier Significance:As a catholic unifier, Philip helped the spread of Catholicism to the New World, and throughout Europe.Fought protestantism and sent priests to the Philippines |
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Janissaries |
Date/Context:Early 1400s, Ottoman Empire Ws:The Ottoman Sultan's standing infantry. Recruited via the devshirme(blood tax). Significance:Example of forced conversions who were treated well. Paid in silver and held positions with the Sultan despite being slaves |
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Barbados |
Date/Context:1627,1655 claimed by Britain, slavery Ws:Greatly increased the production os sugar for the British using slaves. Significance:Barbados represents the growing sugar cane production of the 17th century. After its discovery, the British focused much of their agriculture here for its sugar trade. |
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Indian Ocean Basin |
Date/Context:Extensive network of trading prior to European interference. Ws:Red and Arabian seas, India, Asia, Indonesia and Africa. Significance:Vast trading network for slaves, gold, spices and cloth. Represented international connections even before European influence. |
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Treaty of Westphalia |
Date/Context:1648 in Germany Ws:Ends the Thirty years war, Ferdinand II of Spain, Frederick V Significance:Allows France, Austria and Germany to practice whatever religion they choose. HRE boarders reduced. |
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Isfahan |
Date/Context: Capital of the Safavid Empire, Ws:Built by Shah Abbas, showed great prestige and power. Significance:Stood as a symbol of centralization and power, but in reality the Safavid empire suffered from extreme overreach, leading to its demise. |
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Edict of Expulsion |
Date/Context:1492 Spain Ws:Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain force all muslims and jews to convert or leave the country. Significance:Served as a final ultimatum for religious tolerance in Spain. Europe was becoming increasingly anti-tolerant. Also creates Jewish Diaspora for trade. |
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Qizilbash |
Date/Context:1571-1629, Safavid Empire Ws:Turkic Clansmen, helped centralize empire under Shah Ismael. Practiced heterodox form of Islam Significance:Persecuted by Shah Abbas, serve as a symbol of religious intolerance and led to fall of Safavid Empire. |
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Cultural metissage |
Date/Context:16th century french colonization of North America Ws:Cultural mixing between the french and natives. Helped each other with medicine etc Significance:Interaction led to conversion of the natives to Christianity after they transmit european diseases. Some Europeans marry natives to learn their culture. |
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The Walls of the Romanists |
Date/Context:Reformation, 1517 Luther Ws:Written by Luther, 3 aspects of the church that he finds deplorable Significance:Major part of the reformation. Luther gains much support of laypeople, peasants and the illiterate. Forces the church to issue its Decree on Reformation |
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Edict of Nantes |
Date/Context:1598 in France Ws:Henry IV grants Huguenots religious toleration to prevent further war Significance:Shows religious toleration in France, but leads to assassination of Henry. Marked the end of religious wars. |
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New Julfa |
Date/Context:1600, Safavid Empire Ws:Near Isfahan, Abbas relocates Christian Armenians here Significance:Allowed the Safavids to oversee the strong Armenian Silk trading network across China and Europe. |
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Aurangazeb |
Date/Context:1659-1707 Mughal Empire Ws:Promotes conversion and persecutes sikhs. Increases jizya, causes imperial decline with demotion of non sunnis. Significance:Leads to religious fracture and the demise of his empire, displaying the importance of some religious tolerance. |
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95 Theses |
Date/Context:Written in 1517 by Martin Luther, Reformation Ws:posted on the Wittenburg in Germany, criticizing the upper echelons of church and nobility Significance:Major aspect of the reformation of the catholic church. Gained great support and led to new branch of Christianity, Lutheranism. |
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Jizya |
Date/Context:Ottoman Empire 16th century, Increased by Mughal Empire 17th Century Ws:Christians and Jews of the empire were allowed to pay a tax in order to keep practicing their religions. Many chose to convert to save money. Significance: This shows religious tolerance by the Ottoman empire of those they conquer, and show Mughals wanted conversion. |
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Bondu |
Date/Context:18th century, in West africa, slave trade Ws:Home of Ayuba, whom was participating in the slave trade until he was abducted himself. Sold into slavery until he made a miraculous return from maryland and england. Then facilitates gum trade in Bondu. Significance:Along with the story of Ayuba, Bondu represents the willingness of wealthier africans to participate in the slave trade for profit. |
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Devshirme |
Date/Context:16th Century Ottoman Ws:"Blood Tax", young Christian boys were abducted from the Balkans to serve as Janissaries in the Ottoman army. Significance: Although many people conquered were allowed to remain their own religion, Janissaries were forced to convert. Showed discipline. |
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The Middle Passage |
Date/Context:15th-19th century slave trade Ws:The terrible journey from africa to the americas and caribbean. Terrible conditions, many slaves attempted to commit suicide.AT least 2 mil die in transport Significance:Represents the terrible nature of the slave trade, which unfortunately allowed european nations to dominate mercantilism in the new world. |
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Sufi Mystics |
Date/Context:16th-18th century mughal and safavid empires Ws:Like Jesuit missionaries, sufi mystics help spread islam.Accompanied merchants to indonesia, india, sudan, and china Significance: While christianity was spreading across europe and the new world, islam was spreading throughout asia and the middle east. Initially accommodated local beliefs. |
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Francois Hotman |
Date/Context:1570, after St Bartholomew Massacre Ws:French Scholar, no allegiance to either Catholicism or Protestantism Significance:Argued that the people should have the right to resist tyrannical rulers and have a representative gvt. One of the first modern revolutionaries. |
