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126 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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1492
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Columbus discovered America and settled there
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1588
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Spanish Armada is defeated by the English
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1607
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First permanent english colony in the New World using joint stock companies: VIRGINIA
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1620
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Massachussets founded
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1733
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Georgia founded (last english colony)
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1619
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House of Burgesses///first indentured servants
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1775
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Paul Revere's Ride///Battle of Lexington and Concord///Battle of Bunker Hill
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1773
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Tea Act///Boston Tea Party
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1770
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Boston Massacre
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1765
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Stamp Act
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1763
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Proclamation Act (first act)
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1776
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Declaration of Independence
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1781
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Battle of York Town (last battle of American Revolution)
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1791
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Bill of Rights
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1788
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First election ---> George Washington
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1777
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Battle of Saratoga (turning point when French came and helped the Americans)
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1796
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Second Election ---> John Adams
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1800
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Third Election ---> Thomas Jefferson
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1787
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Constitutional Convention
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1783
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Treaty of Paris
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Krogg
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first to discover America. traveled from siberia across to America on a landbridge
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Christopher Columbus
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Third to discover America but first to make a permanent settlement in America
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Amerigo Vespucci
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America was named after him
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Ponce de Leon
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found Florida while looking for the fountain of youth and claimed Florida for Spain
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John Cabot
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claimed land for england in America
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John Smith
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providing leadership for the Jamestown Colony
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John Rolfe
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made tobacco a cash-crop in Jamestown
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Walter Raleigh
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founder of the Roanoke colony
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Thomas Hooker
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Founded connecticut
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William Penn
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the quaker who founded Pennsylvania.
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Roger Williams
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founded Rhode Island
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Lord Baltimore
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Founded Maryland
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James Oglethorpe
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founded Georgia
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George Whitefield
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Priest that started the Great Awaking
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Jonathan Edwards
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priest/father during the Great Awakening that had the fire and Brimstone sermons
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Thomas Jefferson
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author of the Decleration of Independence///3rd president///wrote Kentucky Resolution///head of the democratic-repubilcan party
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Paul Revere
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Midnight ride for the Battle of Lexington and concord, alerting the Minute Men
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Henry Wadsworth Longfellow
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Wrote the poem, "Paul Revere's Ride"
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Ralph Waldo Emerson
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Wrote Concord Hymn.... "The shot heard round the world"
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Thomas Paine
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wrote Common Sense.... "these are the times that try men's souls"
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William Prescott
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"don't fire until you see the whites of their eyes"
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John Adams
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Second President///federalist
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Alexander Hamilton
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head of the Federalist party
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James Madison
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Fourth President///wrote Virginia Resolution
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George Washington
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elected as first president///general during American Revolution
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Compass
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in 1100's, they invented this to navigate... finds north
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Astrolabe
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in 1400's, they invented this to locate position on earth... measures latitude
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Printing Press
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In 1450's, they invented this to print books quickly and cheaple: therefore, info was dissemenated more widely
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ethnocentrism
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the feeling that one's own ethnic group or race is superior to all others
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Stereotype
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an idea about a person or thing that is based on an oversimplified view. Makes all people within a group the same. Makes generealizations and then applies those generalizations to individuals
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Crusades
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wars between europeans and Jerusalem to win back the holy land
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Enclosure Movement
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english land owners change from farming to raising sheep. They enclose their fields for pasture, leaving many people unemployed
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Indentured Servants
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a person who agrees to work for someone for 5-7 years in exchange for passage to America. After they serve their contracts, they get 50 acres of land
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Pilgrims
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also known as separatists because they wanted to break away from the church of England
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Puritans
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they wanted to cleanse the Anglican Church///established the Massachusetts Bay Colony///Big on education, very strict, very religious, very intolerant of other's beliefs
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Act of Toleration
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stated that all Christians would be able to worship in Maryland without persecution (to protect catholics for whom Maryland was established)
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Joint Stock Companies
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Held by stock holders who share risks among eachother
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Squatter
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live on someone's land and claim it (man+land=voting rights)
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Quaker
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religious, non violent, everyone is equal (so no preachers leading their sermons)
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Albany Plan of Union
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Franklin's plan for the colonies to unite the colonies in order to become stronger.
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The Enlightenment
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period in the 18th century when people felt that mankind's problems could be solved by rational thought and study
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The Great Awakening
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period during the mid-1700's when there was a renewed interest and enthusiasm and fervor about religion. Itinerant preachers went around the country preaching at revivals.
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King
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Theoretically owns all land, head of country, empowered to be in charge of the country
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Privy Council
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advisors to the king, made up of friends and trusted associates
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Lords of Trade
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Sub-committee of the privy council that is in charge of overseeing colonial trade matters.
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Parliament
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Law making body of England made up of the House of Lords and House of Commons///controls the money
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Middle Passage
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slaves voyage across the atlantic
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Triangular trade
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trade between England, America, and Africa
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House of Burgesses
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first elected legislative assembly in America
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Governor
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generally appointed by the kings, runs day to day affairs of the colony
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Councils
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advisors to the governor, made up of friends and trusted associates of the governor
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Assemblies
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law making bodies of each individual colony, controls money matters
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French and Indian War (7 Years War)
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won by english///kicks france out of North America
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Protective Tariff
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an import tax that is so high that nobody buys the imported item. THis means that the tax protects the home grown product. This tax is designed NOT to be collected
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Sons of Liberty
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Groups of citizens who protest British laws by boycotting, rioting, and tarring and feathering
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Proclamation Act
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only licensed fur traders were allowed into the ohio area. Colonists were not allowed to go into the Native-American land
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Sugar Act
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sugar, coffee, etc were taxed right as they got shipped to America (british needed to pay for the French and Indian War)
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Stamp Act
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created because the sugar act was boycotted. Taxed all paper goods
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Declaratory Act
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statement of Parliament's power over the colonies
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Townshend Act
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British are still making no money off taxes so they tax everyday items that the colonists can only get from England.
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Propaganda
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the spreading of ideas, info, or rumor in order to promote or damage. To influence
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ratify
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to approve
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Boston Massacre
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when a crowd (or mob) taunted 9 british soldiers and the soldiers fire into the crowd randomly, killing 5 people
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East India Company
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owns all the tea, and if you wanted tea, you had to get it through the E.I.C.
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Boston Tea Party
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was caused by Americans who dressed up as indians and went on to a British ship and threw all the tea into the harbor to show their anger about the monopoly of tea belonging to the E.I.C.
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Intolerable
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can't put up with
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Coercive/Intolerable Acts
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British Laws to make the colonists pay for the boston tea party. Bostonians have to pay for the damage and will be punished for their act (Boston Tea Party) by closing the Boston Harbor
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Minute Men
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citizens who can be ready at a minute's notice to fight.
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Treaty of Paris
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officially ends the Revolutionary war. America gains all lands to the Mississippi River.
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Battle of Lexington and Concord
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battle that started the revolution
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Battle of Bunker Hill
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psychological victory for the Americans
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Battle of Saratoga
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turning point of war (French come and help Americans)
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Battle of Valley Forge
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during the winter, was the battle of man against Nature
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Battle of Vincennes
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secures proclamation act to Mississippi River
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Battle of Kings Mountain
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American Patriots defeat American Loyalists
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Battle of York Town
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last major battle that American won with help of the French
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Articles of Confederation
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goernment of the U.S. during and after the Revolution///a loose union that had many problems
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Land ordinance of 1785
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(one article of confederation) establish a method to survey and sell lands from the Appalachian Mountains to the Mississippi River
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North West Ordinance
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(one article of confederation) establishes a way to govern New Lands///Provide a way for territories to become states with power equal to the original 13 states.
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Constitutional Convention
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called in May 1787 in Phillidelphia to revise the Articles of Confederation but instead, they end up dumping them and made a whole new constitution.
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Federalism
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a way to divide power between notional and state governments
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Executive Branch
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runs the day to day affairs of the country, carries out laws, made up of president and his officials
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Legislative Branch
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makes laws... made up of Congress, which has 2 houses: Senate and The House of Representatives
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Judicial Branch
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Interprets laws. Made up of Supreme court and lower courts.
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Impeach
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to charge an official with a crime///can sometimes lead to the loss of presidency for this person
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Federalists
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people who want the constitution as it is.
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Anti-federalists
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people who don't think the constitution has enough individual freedoms and protections.
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Unity
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there are too many differences between the sections of the country. These need to be dealt with.
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Neutrality
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the country should not get entangled in foreign politics
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Alien Act
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gave the government to power to arrest and deport any foreigner believed to be dangerous
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Naturalization Act
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the time needed for an alien to become a citizen.... this raised from 5 to 14 years
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Sedition Act
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called for punishment of anyone who opposed laws or made false or critical statements about the president or Congress.
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Kentucky Resolutions
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written by Thomas Jefferson
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Virginia Resolutions
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written by James Madison
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Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions
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established the idea that if a state thought a federal law was unconstitutional it could declare that law null and void in that state.
They were never put into effect but they do create the idea of States' Rights 0 the idea that the states are equal to the Federal government based on Amendment #10and therefore the federal government can not take away the states' powers. |
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Ben Franklin
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-published poor richard's alminac
-invented Franklin stove -invented bifocal glasses -kite experiment -1st library -1st fire department -1st hospital -1st school (later becomes university of pennsylvania) -postmaster -albany plan of union (1st political cartoon in america) |
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1st Amendment
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1) freedom of speech
2) freedom of religion 3) freedom of the press 4) freedom to peacefully assemble 5) freedom to complain to the government |
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2nd Amendment
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Because we think it is important to have citizen-soldiers, the people can own weapons (right to bear arms)
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3rd Amendment
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You do not have to house soldiers in your home
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4th Amendment
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The police must have a search warrant to search your house and it has to specify what they are looking for
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5th Amendment
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1) if you are arrested, they have to bring you in front of a grand jury and tell you why you are being charged
2) You can't be tried twice for the same crime (double jeapordy) 3) You don't have to testify against yourself 4) the authorities must follow the rules (due process) 5) the government must pay you a fair price if they take your property for public use. |
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6th Amendment
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In criminal cases, you have a right to:
1) a fair and speedy public trial by jury 2) to be told why you have been arrested 3) see your accusers 4) bring forth witnesses favorable to you 5) have a lawyer |
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7th Amendment
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in civil cases, like lawsuits, you have a right to a jury
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8th Amendment
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Bail has to fit the crime. There will be no cruel or unusual punishments. THe punishment has to fit the crime.
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9th Amendment
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You have more rights than are listed in the constitution
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10th Amendment
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If the federal government doesn't have a power, the states can have it. If the states don't use it, the people have it.
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